Plant Structure, Growth & Development

Question 0

This organ depends on water and minerals from the roots.

Answer 0

Shoot System

Question 1

This is a multicellular organ that anchors vascular plant in the soil and absorbs water and minerals below ground.

Answer 1

Root

Question 2

This the main vertical root that gives rise to lateral roots.

Answer 2

Taproot

Question 3

These roots occur above ground and have been modified to support/anchor, store water and nutrients and absorb oxygen from the air.

Answer 3

Aerial roots

Question 4

These roots support tall, top heavy plants.

Answer 4

Prop roots

Question 5

These roots support tall trunks, especially in the tropics.

Answer 5

Buttress roots

Question 6

Aid in gas exchange.

Answer 6

Pneumatophores

Question 7

These roots germinate in branches of tall trees and grown down.

Answer 7

Strangling roots

Question 8

This is the main photosynthetic multicellular organ.

Answer 8

Leaf

Question 9

This type of leaf is a single undecided blade.

Answer 9

Simple leaf

Question 10

This type of leaf is comprised of multiple leaflets.

Answer 10

Compound leaf

Question 11

On this type of leaf, each leaflet is divided into a smaller leaflet.

Answer 11

Doubly compound leaf

Question 12

These are vine-like structures that help stabilize the plant.

Answer 12

Tendrils

Question 13

These modified leaves aid in protection from predators.

Answer 13

Spines

Question 14

These type of leaves store water.

Answer 14

Storage Leaves.

Question 15

These leaves produce plantlets that fall off and take root.

Answer 15

Reproductive Leaves

Question 16

These modified leaves resemble petals.

Answer 16

Bracts

Question 17

This is the outer covering of the plant.

Answer 17

Dermal tissue

Question 18

This is responsible for storage, photosynthesis and support.

Answer 18

Ground Tissue

Question 19

Responsible for long distance transport through the plant.

Answer 19

Vascular Tissue

Question 20

This is the single outermost layer of tightly packed cells functioning in protection, defense, uptake and gas exchange.

Answer 20

Epidermis

Question 21

Waxy hosting secreted by epidermal cells to prevent water loss.

Answer 21

Cuticle

Question 22

Hair-like outgrowths of the shoot epidermis functioning in predator defense, reflecting excess and water loss reduction.

Answer 22

Trichomes

Question 23

These cells regulate the opening and closing of the stomata and function in carbon dioxide and water exchange.

Answer 23

Guard cells

Question 24

External to vascular tissue.

Answer 24

Cortex

Question 25

Internal to vascular tissue.

Answer 25

Pith

Question 26

Generalized plant cell and the least specialized. Major locations include; cortex, pith, stems, roots internal layer of leaves (mesophyll).

Answer 26

Parenchyma

Question 27

These cells are grouped in strands, have thick, uneven walls and provide strength and flexibility for growth.

Answer 27

Collenchyma

Question 28

These cells have thick rigid walls are strengthened with lignin and act as a skeleton for strength and support.

Answer 28

Sclerenchyma

Question 29

This type of sclerenchyma cell us short, irregularly shaped and is what provides hardness to seeds and nutshells.

Answer 29

Sclerid cells

Question 30

This type of sclerenchyma cell is long, slender and tapered and arranged in threads.

Answer 30

Fiber cells

Question 31

This joins the leaf to the stem at the node.

Answer 31

Petiole

Question 32

This is the space between the petiole and the stem.

Answer 32

Axil

Question 33

This is plant growth throughout the lifetime.

Answer 33

Intermediate Growth

Question 34

These are tissues that allow growth.

Answer 34

Meristems

Question 35

APICAL MERISTEMS are located in tips and roots, shoots and buds and are responsible for _________.

Answer 35

Primary Growth (length)

Question 36

LATERAL MERISTEMS are responsible for ____________.

Answer 36

Secondary Growth (thickness)

Question 37

This adds layers of secondary xylem and phloem.

Answer 37

Vascular Cambium

Question 38

This adds layers of secondary dermal tissue called cork.

Answer 38

Cork Cambium

Question 39

This is a root system with a mat of thin roots that spread.

Answer 39

Fibrous Root System

Question 40

This is the stalk that attaches the leaves to the stem.

Answer 40

Petiole

Question 41

This is the broad surface of a leaf.

Answer 41

Blade

Question 42

This is the point of attachment on the stem.

Answer 42

Node

Question 43

These are portions of the stem between the nodes.

Answer 43

Internodes