Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BIO 172 prof. Wells > PRACTICAL #1 > Flashcards

PRACTICAL #1 Flashcards

(61 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

cortical gray matter

A

localizes and interprets sensory inputs

controls voluntary and skilled skeletal muscle activity

intellectual and emotional processing

(cerebral hemispheres)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

basal nuclei

A

initiation of skeletal muscle movements

cerebral hemispheres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

thalamic nuclei

A

sensory to cerebral cortex

impulses to/from cerebral motor cortex including cerebellum

memory processing

(diencephalon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

hypothalamus

A

integration center of autonomic nervous system

body temp

food intake

water balance

thirst

biological rhythms and drives

regulates hormones

produces ADH and oxytocin

(diencephalon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

midbrain

A

pathway between higher and lower brain centers

superior/inferior colliculi for visual/auditory reflexes

substantia nigra for melatonin

(brain stem)

Nerves 3 and 4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pons

A

pathway between higher and lower brain centers

relay info from cerebrum to cerebellum

(brain stem)

Nerves 5 - 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

medulla oblongata

A

pathway between higher and lower brain centers and spinal cord

filters out repetitive stimuli

(brain stem)

Nerves 8 - 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

cerebellum

A

balance, posture, smooth and coordinated skeletal movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

CRANIAL NERVE I (1)

A

OLFACTORY

SENSORY

SENSE OF SMELL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

CRANIAL NERVE II (2)

A

OPTIC

SENSORY

VISION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CRANIAL NERVE III (3)

A

OCULOMOTOR

MOTOR

EYE MOVEMENT and PUPILLARY REFLEX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

CRANIAL NERVE IV (4)

A

TROCHLEAR

MOTOR

EYE MOVEMENT (DOWN AND INWARD)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CRANIAL NERVE V (5)

A

TRIGEMINAL

BOTH

FACIAL SENSATION and TOUCH DISCRIMINATION and JAW MOVEMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CRANIAL NERVE VI (6)

A

ABDUCENS

MOTOR

LATERAL EYE MOVEMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CRANIAL NERVE VII (7)

A

FACIAL

BOTH

FACIAL EXPRESSION and ANTERIOR TASTE TONGUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

CRANIAL NERVE VIII (8)

A

VESTIBULOCHLEAR

SENSORY

HEARING and BALANCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

CRANIAL NERVE IX (9)

A

GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL

BOTH

POSTERIOR TASTE TONGUE and GAG REFLEX and SWALLOWING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CRANIAL NERVE X (10)

A

VAGUS

BOTH

PARASYMPATHETIC, VISCERA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

CRANIAL NERVE XI (11)

A

ACCESSORY

MOTOR

TRAPEZIUS, STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID (HEAD and NECK MUSCLE) MOVEMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

CRANIAL NERVE XII (12)

A

HYPOGLOSSAL

MOTOR

TONGUE MOVEMENT (SPEACH AND SWALLOWING)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is the function of neuroglia and what types are there and where?

A

supporting cells

CNS:
astrocytes
microglia
ependymal cells
oligodendrocytes

PNS:
schwann cells
satellite cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

function and characteristic of sensory neuron

A

unipolar

afferent

receives sensory information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

function and characteristic of interneuron

A

multipolar

association neuron

processes and relays info between two other neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

function and characteristic of motor neuron

A

multipolar

efferent

sends out command to muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
function of astrocytes
maintain blood-brain barrier by stimulating endothelial cells
26
function of microglia
microphages -- clear cellular debris and dead neurons. Defenders
27
function of ependymal
forms epithelial lining of ventricles lining for the CSF
28
function of oligodendrocytes
support and insulate axons myelin sheath for the CNS
29
superior sagittal sinus
dural sinus that collects brain blood in falx cerebri
30
arachnoid granulations (or arachnoid villi)
penetrate meningeal layer of dura mater into superior sagittal sinus allows drainage of CSF into venous circulation
31
lateral rectus: function
moves lateral
32
medial rectus: function
moves medial
33
superior rectus: function
elevates and turns medial
34
inferior rectus: function
depresses and turns medial
35
superior oblique tendon: function
depresses and turns medial
36
inferior oblique: function
elevates and turns medial
37
flow of tears from the site of production to the arrival in the nasal cavity
lacrimal gland releases lacrimal secretions moves across eye drain through lacrimal puncta into pairs lacrimal canaliculi drain into lacrimal sac drains into nasolacrimal duct into nasal cavity
38
tapetum lucidum: function
reflective tissue reflects visible light back through the retina, increasing the light available to the photoreceptors
39
describe what is found in the pigmented and neural layer of the retina and what the main function of each layer is
pigmented layer absorb light and prevent it from scattering throughout the eye. Stores Vit A for photoreceptors neural layer contains photorecptors (rods and cones) which create the electrical events for vision processing
40
what is osseous labyrinth
internal ear: vestibule cochlea semicircular canals
41
from the time that sound waves enter the ear all the way through the stimulation of the bipolar sensory neurons
sound waves in air hits eardrum eardrum vibration pushes chain of ossicle bones stapes presses on oval window internal ear fluid pushes on membranes membrane movement distort hair cells hair cells stimulate sensory neurons neurons generate impulse to occipital lobe
42
what is otitis media
mucosal membranes of middle ear cavity and nasopharynx are connected through pharyngotympanic tube inflammation of middle ear young kids with sore throats
43
lacrimal caruncle produces _____
oil slick secretions sleepers
44
what is sty
infection of one of sebaceous glands
45
what is conjunctivitis
inflammation of conjunctiva
46
the conjunctiva contains many ____ _____
blood vessels
47
this separates the two fluid filled cavities in the eye
lens
48
two layers of retina and function
pigmented layer (absorbs light) neural layer (light into nerve impulses)
49
does the optic disc have any photoreceptors?
no the optic disc does not have any photoreceptors blind spot
50
are there more rods or more cones
more rods
51
function of rods
dim light vision no color no sharpness
52
function of cones
color and sharpness
53
what is visual acuity
sharpness
54
3 layers of neurons in retina
photoreceptors (outer) bipolars (middle) ganglions (inner)
55
steps of how we see
light hits back of eye and excites photoreceptors bipolar ganglion optic nerve occipital lobe processing
56
function of auricle
directs sound
57
function of hair cells
receptors for hearing
58
what's the reflective crap in the cow eye called
tapetum lucidum tape tum luci dum
59
double vision is called
diplopia
60
what controls shape of lens
ciliary body
61
what secretes wax
ceruminous glands

BIO 172 prof. Wells (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions