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From Flashcardlet > principle geriatric > Flashcards

principle geriatric Flashcards

0
Q

Radiographer role

Adapt procedures to accommodate ____ and ____

Understanding ____ and pathology of aging

Be aware of (4)

A

Adapt procedures to accommodate disability and disease

Understanding physiology and pathology of aging

Be aware of social, psych, cognitive, and economics

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1
Q

Geriatrics

Branch meds dealing with ___ and problems of ___

Over ____ age

Population _____

A

Branch meds dealing with aged and problems of aging

Over 65

Population increasing

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2
Q

Most common health complaints of the elderly(8)

Decrease ____ , _____, ______, and _____ time

_____ gain

Feel ____

Loss of ____ mass

_____ stiffness

Loss _____- presbycusis

A

Decrease balance , coordination, strength, and reaction time

Weight gain

Fatigue

Loss of bone mass

Joint stiffness

Loss hearing- presbycusis

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3
Q

Presbycusis

Gradual, progressive hearing loss of tone ____

A

Gradual, progressive hearing loss of tone discrimination

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4
Q

Problems facing seniors

_in__over 65 show signs clinical _____

Fixed _____

Few choices l____ arraignments

_need ____

Feel_____

Medical ____

Feeling of ____

Senility

A

Depressions- 1 in 5 over 65 show signs clinical depression

Fixed income

Few choices living arraignments

Dependency

Loneliness

Medical emergencies

Illness

Senility

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5
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

Inflammatory ____ disease

Severe ____

Limits ____

A

Inflammatory joint disease

Sever deformity

Limits flexibility

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6
Q

Osteoarthritis

____ joint disease caused primarily by wear and tear on joints

Body creates additional bone _____ in response to stress on joints

A

Degenerative joint disease caused primarily by wear and tear on joints

Body creates additional bone tissue in response to stress on joints

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7
Q

Osteoporosis

Loss of _____ and ____ of bone- often ____ reduced for technique

_____x more common in women(due to ______) but men can get it

Increased risk: 2

A

Loss of volume and mass- often KVp reduced

4 x more common in women( menopause) but men can get it

Increased risk if fractures , kyphosis

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8
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

Chronic, organic _____disorder

Due to atrophy of ____ and ____ bone

Between ages ____and ____

Progressive loss of memory leads to complete loss of ______ function

A

Chronic, organic mental disorder

Due to atrophy of frontal and occipital bone

Between ages 40 and 60

Progressive loss of memory leads to complete loss of intellectual function

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9
Q

Vision problems

Presbyopia- age related _____( lens less flexible)

______

Distorted _____ perception

Deceased ability to adapt to _____ changes

A

Presbyopia- age related farsightedness( lens less flexible)

Cataracts

Distorted color perception

Deceased ability to adapt to light changes

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10
Q

Taste loss- due to ______ in number of taste buds, _____ in saliva, and dry mouth

Hyposmia- loss of _____
-_____ appetite and irregular eating habits

A

Taste loss- due to decrease in number of taste buds, decrease in saliva, and dry mouth

Hyposmia- loss of smell
-decreased appetite and irregular eating habits

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11
Q

Anemia

Symptoms

____ skin
Shortness of ____
___ easily

Caused by

Insufficient _____ intake

Inflammation or destruction of _____ lining to absorb vitamin_____

____ easily

Hemoglobin range- __-____

Females closer ____

A

Symptoms

Pale skin
Shortness of breath
Fatigue easily

Caused by

Insufficient dietary intake

Inflammation or destruction of gi lining to absorb vitamin b12

Bleeds easily

Hemoglobin range- 12-15

FEms closer 12

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12
Q

Cardiovascular disease

Most common ____ worldwide

Loss of ____ elasticity ____systolic bp
- greater risk 2 disease

Postural hypotension
- fall in _____pressure when rising from supine to standing

Atherosclerosis
- build up ____ plaques in arterial walls- increasing risk of 5

Congestive heart failure- inability of heart to propel at sufficent rate and volume

Cerebrovascular accident (cva) stroke

A

Most common death worldwide

Loss of arterial elasticity increase systolic bp
- greater risk heart disease and stroke

Postural hypotension
- fall in blood pressure when rising from supine to standing

Atherosclerosis
- build up fatty plaques in arterial walls- increasing risk of aneurysm , blood clot formation, which embolism , heart attack, stroke

Congestive heart failure- inability of heart to propel at sufficent rate and volume

Cerebrovascular accident (cva) stroke

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13
Q

Gastrointestinal system disorders(13)

A

Peptic ulcer

Bleeding

Pancreatitis

Gallstones

Hepatitis

Colorectal cancer- 2nd lung cancer as cause of cancers related mortality

Diverticulitis

Gastric outlet obstruction

Esophageal foreign bodies

Constipation

Fecal incontinence

Dehydration

Difficulty swallowing

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14
Q

presbycusis

Loss of _____

A

Loss hearing- presbycusis

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15
Q

Immune declines Increase vulnerability :(8)

A

Diabetes mellitus

Pneumonia

Nosocomial infection- hospital infection

Influenza

Pneumonia

Tuberculosis

Meningitis

Urinary tract infections

16
Q

Respiratory system disorder

____ lose elacity

  • decrease ___-carbon dioxide exchange

Breathing muscles and rib cage stiffen :
- increase _____ of breath

Emphysema

Chronic bronchitis

Pneumonia

____cancer- most common death

A

Lung lose elacity

  • decrease oxygen- carbon dioxide exchange

Breathing muscles and rib cage stiffen :
- increase shortness of breath

Emphysema

Chronic bronchitis

Pneumonia

Lung cancer- most common death

17
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia ( bph)

Most common age in men over ____

  • enlargement of _____ gland- obstructs urine flow

Prostate cancer ____ most common in males
- 80% tumors are found after ague ____

Acute and chronic ____ failure not uncommon

A

Benign prostatic hyperplasia ( bph)

Most common age in men over 70

  • enlargement of prostate gland- obstructs urine flow

Prostate cancer 3rd most common in males
- 80% tumors are found after ague 65

Acute and chronic renal failure not uncommon

18
Q

Incontinece

Can’t control ____
- leads ____ and ____ concerns

A

Incontinece

Can’t control urine
- leads social and hygiene concerns

19
Q

Number of nephrons in kidney ____

- can cause normal dose of medicine to be an _____ in elderly

A

Number of nephrons in kidney decrease

- can cause normal dose of medicine to be an overdose in elderly

20
Q

Chest for elderly

Pa - wrap arms around_____ device- increase support

Lateral- provide stability in moving arms ____and ___

Perform exam in wheelchair -

Hyperkyphosis- changes positioning _____

A

Pa - wrap arms around Bucky device- increase support

Lateral- provide stability in moving arms up and forward

Perform exam in wheelchair -

Hyperkyphosis- changes positioning landmarks

21
Q

Spine X-rays

Use sponge

_____ position better if able

Seated maybe used for _____ exams

A

Use sponge

Upright better if able

Seated maybe used for standing exams

22
Q

Pelvis xray

_____common- don’t rotate limb until ____ruled out

_____ more common

A

Fxs common- don’t rotate limb until fx ruled out

Xtable more com

23
Q

Upper extremity xray

Limited flexibility

Contractur of limbs from a stroke must ____be forced into position
3 useful

A

Limited flexibility

Contractur of limbs from a stroke must not be forced into position

Sandbags, xtable, sponges useful

24
Q

Lower extremity xray

Limited ___ and____

____ X-ray instead lateral

Feet and ankle exams done in ____ if patient comes in one

A

Limited flexibility and mobility

Xtable xray

Feet and ankle exams done in wheelchair

25
Q

Pt care for elderly tips

Explain everything to _____anxiety/ stress and ______compliance/ satisfaction

Treat patient with ____ and ____
- show empathy

A

Explain everything to reduce anxiety/ stress and increase compliance/ satisfaction

Treat patient with respect and dignity
- show empathy

26
Q

For hard hearing

Give _____ instruction at time

Reduce background ____

Speak _____,distinctly, directly to patient

Not all old hard of ____

Adjust voice ____as needed

A

Give one instruction at time

Reduce background noise

Speak slowly, distinctly, directly to patient

Not all old hard of hearing

Adjust voice volume as needed

27
Q

Why use short exposure time?

Reduce risk imaging involuntarily and voluntarily ____

Elderly difficulty maintaining _____

_____ instructions should’ve carefully communicated and practiced

A

Reduce risk imaging involuntarily and voluntarily motion

Elderly difficulty maintaining position

Breathing instruct unions should’ve carefully communicated and practiced

28
Q

Technical factors elderly

Adjust to accommodate ______and normal ____related changes

Tech must know whether disease ____or ____

  • less technique- 2
  • more technique- 2
A

Adjust to accommodate disease and normal age related changes

Tech must know whether disease additive or destructive

  • less technique( destructive)- osteoporosis and emphysema
  • more technique(additive)- pneumonia , congestive heart failure
29
Q

Elderly need ____ between projections and procedures

Avoid _____- can damage skin

Use: 4

A

Elderly need rest between projections and procedures

Avoid tape- can damage skin

Use: pads, blankets, sponges, hand rails- comforter / compliance

30
Q

Check patient history before admin _____

  • reduces _____ reactions
    - dehydration , induced kidney failure
  • assess ____difficulty
  • administer drinking in _____ position to reduce aspiration
A

Check patient history before admitsearring contrast

  • reduces adverse reactions
    - dehydration , induced kidney failure
  • assess swallowing difficulty
  • administer drinking in upright position to reduce aspiration
31
Q

Successful imaging of elderly depends on two

Techs _____and______of elderly

A

Successful imaging of elderly depends on two

Techs competence and knowledge of elderly

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