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From Flashcardlet > principles skull 1 > Flashcards

principles skull 1 Flashcards

0
Q

Number facial bones

A

14 bones

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1
Q

Number cranium bones

A

8

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2
Q

Cranium bones

A 
Frontal-1
Ethmoid-1
Parietal-2
Sphenoid-1
Temporal-2
Occipital-1
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3
Q

Facial bones

A 
Nasal bone-2
Lacrimal bone- 2
Maxillae-2
Zygomatic bone- 2
Palatine bone- 2
Inferior nasal conchae or turbinates -2
Vomer-1
Mandible- 1
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4
Q

Coronal suture

Between ____ and ____ bones

A

Between frontal and parietal bones

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5
Q

Sagital suture

Two ____bones and just behind ____ suture line

A

Two parietal bones and just behind coronal suture line

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6
Q

Squamosal suture

___ bones and _____ bones

A

Temporal bones and parietal bones

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7
Q

Lambdoidal suture

Between ____ bone and _____ bones

A

Between occipital bone and parietal bones

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8
Q

Pterion

Point of junction ______,________ , and ______ wing of sphenoid bone

A

Point of junction parietal, temporal, and greater wing of sphenoid bone

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9
Q

Asterion

Point _____ to the ear where the ______ and ______ sutures meet

A

Point posterior to the ear where the squamosal and lambdoidal sutures meet

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10
Q

Bregma

_____ of skull where baby soft spot is

A

Top of skull where baby soft spot is

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11
Q

Lambda

____ and ______ sutures meet

A

Lambdoidal and sagital sutures meet

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12
Q

Fontanels

Incomplete ______

A

Incomplete ossification

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13
Q

Anterior fontanels

Soft spots at the junction of _____ and _____ sutures

A

Soft spots at the junction of coronal and sagital sutures

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14
Q

Posterior fontanels

Soft spots at junction of _____ and _____ sutures

A

Soft spots at junction of lambdoidal and sagital sutures

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15
Q

Glabella

Smooth prominence between ______ and bridge of_____

A

Smooth prominence between eyebrows and bridge of nose

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16
Q

Supraorbital groove ( sog)

Depression above _____

A

Depression above eyebrow

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17
Q

Supraorbital margin (som)

Superior rim of each _____

A

Superior rim of each orbit

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18
Q

Supercillary arches

Two arched ridges that correspond in position to the eyebrows located below the ____ _____just above _______margins

A

Two arched ridges that correspond in position to the eyebrows located below the frontal eminences just above supraorbital margins

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19
Q

Frontal air sinuses

Situated between two tables of ______ on each side of the median sagital plane and from lower margin of the ____ they extend superiorly lateraly and posteriorly

A

Situated between two tables of Squama on each side of the median sagital plane and from lower margin of the squam they extend superiorly lateraly and poeriorly

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20
Q

Crista galli

Inside floor of _____

A

Inside floor of orbit

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21
Q

Ethmoid bone

Small cubes shape bone that consist of _____ plate ,a _____ plate two light spongy lateral _____

Located between _____, the _______ bone and forms part _____ cranial fossa and part _____and ____walls and _____septum

A

Small cubes shape bone that consist of horizontal plate a vertical plate two light spongy lateral labyrinths

Located between orbits, the ethmoid bone and forms part anterior cranial fossa and part nasal and orbital walls and nasal septum

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22
Q

Cribform plate

Small upper horizontal portion of the bone. Contains many small openings through which pass the ______ nerves

A

Small upper horizontal portion of the bone. Contains many small openings through which pass the olfactory nerves

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23
Q

Crista galli

Thick, triangular process projecting upward from the _____ plate

A

Thick, triangular process projecting upward from the cribform plate

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24
Q

Perpendicular plate

_____ portion of ethmoid bone which is thin plate is a thin flare bone that projects inferiorly from the inferior surface of the cribform plate and with the nasal spine. Forms superior portion of the bony septum of the_____

A

Vertical portion of ethmoid bone which is thin plate is a thin flare bone that projects inferiorly from the inferior surface of the cribform plate and with the nasal spine. Forms superior portion of the bony septum of the nose

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25
Q

Lateral labyrinths( aka masses)

Suspend from ____ surface of cribform plate on each side of perpendicular plate

Lateral masses contain many ____cells and help form medial walls of the orbit and lateral walls of nasal cavity

Air cells are on each side which are divided into 3 groups: ethmoidal air cells

A

Suspend from under surface of cribform plate on each side of perpendicular plate

Lateral masses contain many air cells and help form medial walls of the orbit and lateral walls of nasal cavity

Air cells are on each side which are divided into 3 groups: anterior, middle, and posterior ethmoidal air cells

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26
Q

Superior and middle nasal conchae

Two thin scroll shaped processes projecting inferiorly from each medial wall of______

A

Two thin scroll shaped processes projecting inferiorly from each medial wall of labyrinths

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27
Q

Parietal bones

Two _____ walls of cranium and part of the roof are formed by two _____ bones. Roughly square in shape and and has concave internal surface and convex external surface

A

Two lateral walls of cranium and part of the roof are formed by two parietal bones. Roughly square in shape and and has concave internal surface and convex external surface

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28
Q

Parietal eminence

Prominent bulge found each _____ bone, near the central portion of its external surface- _____of head

A

Prominent bulge found each parietal bone, near the central portion of its external surface- side of head

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29
Q

Sphenoid bone

Forms anchor for all ____ cranial bones. Central portion lies in midline of the floor of cranium and contains the sphenoid _____

A

Forms anchor for all eight cranial bones. Central portion lies in midline of the floor of cranium and contains the sphenoid sinuses

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30
Q

Sella turcica

Central depression on the body of the ____

Surrounds and protects major gland of body the ______

A

Central depression on the body of the sphenoid

Surrounds and protects major gland of body the pituitary gland

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31
Q

Dorsum sellae

Posterior to ____ _____ is back of the saddle

A

Posterior to sella tursica is back of the saddle

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32
Q

Lesser wing

Triangular shape and nearly ____ in position. They arise one on each side from the anterosuperior portion of the body of the ____ bone and projects laterally where they end in sharp points

Form the posteromedial portion of the roofs of the ____

Posterior portion of the _____ cranial fossa

Upper margins of superior ____ fissures and ____ canals

Medial ends of their posterior borders from anterior clinoid processes. Each arises from roots. The anterior root is thin. The posterior root is thick and rounded and referred as _____ strut

Circular opening between the two roots is known as ____ foramen

A

Triangular shape and nearly horizontal in position. They arise one on each side from the anterosuperior portion of the body of the sphenoid bone and projects laterally where they end in sharp points

Form the posteromedial portion of the roofs of the orbit

Posterior portion of the anterior cranial fossa

Upper margins of superior orbital fissures and optic canals

Medial ends of their posterior borders from anterior clinoid processes. Each arises from roots. The anterior root is thin. The posterior root is thick and rounded and referred as sphenoid strut

Circular opening between the two roots is known as optic foramen

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33
Q

Greater wings

Arise from sides of the ____ and curve laterally posteriorly anteriorly and superiorly

Form
Part of ____ cranial fossa
Posts lateral wall of ____
Lower margin of ____ orbital fissures
Greater part of posterior margin of ____ orbital fissures
Three pairs of small openings in the greater wings are for passage of certain ____ and blood ____

A

Arise from sides of the body and curve laterally posteriorly anteriorly and superiorly

Form
Part of middle cranial fossa
Posts lateral wall of orbit
Lower margin of superior orbital fissures
Greater part of posterior margin of inferior orbital fissures
Three pairs of small openings in the greater wings are for passage of certain neves and blood vessels

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34
Q

Occipital bone

Inferposterior portion of _____ cap

A

Inferposterior portion of skull cap

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35
Q

Foramen magnum

Large opening in anterior inferior part of ____ bones between cranial cavity and ____canal

A

Large opening in anterior inferior part of occipital bones between cranial cavity and spinal canal

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36
Q

Lateral condylar portions(2 occipital condyles)

Are oval process convex surfaces one on each side of formen ____

Articulate depressions on first ____ vertebrae, the atlas called the ___-____ joint

Aka ____

A

Are oval process convex surfaces one on each side of formen magnum

Articulate depressions on first cervical vertebrae, the atlas called the occipito- Atlantal joint

Aka inion

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37
Q

External occipital protuberance

Prominent bump on squamous portion of _____bone

A

Prominent bump on squamous portion of occipital bone

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38
Q

Temporal bone

Irregular in shape are situated on each side the base of cranium between greater wings of ____ and______bone

Forms large part of ____ fossa of cranium and part of ____fossa

A

Irregular in shape are situated on each side the base of cranium between greater wings of sphenoid and occipital bone

Forms large part of middle fossa of cranium and part of posterior fossa

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39
Q

Zygomatic process

Arch bone extending anteriorly from squamous portion of _____bone. Process meets temporal process of zygomatic ____to form zygomatic ____

A

Arch bone extending anteriorly from squamous portion of temporal bone. Process meets temporal process of zygomatic bone to form zygomatic arch

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40
Q

Tympanic portion

Situated below Squama in front mastoid and petrous portion of ____ bone forms posterior part ____fossa

  • forms anterior inferior part of position wall of _____

_____ is 1/2 inch length and projects medially, slightly posteriorly and slightly superiorly

A

Situated below Squama in front mastoid and petrous portion of temporal bone forms posterior part mandibular fossa

  • forms anterior inferior part of position wall of external acoustic meatus

Eam is 1/2 inch length and projects medially, slightly posteriorly and slightly superiorly

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41
Q

Styloid process

Slender., pointed variable in length projects inferiorly anteriorly and slightly medially from postiorinferior portion tympanic part _____ bone

A

Slender., pointed variable in length projects inferiorly anteriorly and slightly medially from postiorinferior portion tympanic part temporal bone

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42
Q

Nasal bones

(2)

Small, thin vary in size and shape in different people

Forms superior body wall bridge if nose of the ____ cavity

Articulates with each other in _____ plane

Articulates with perpendicular plate of the ____bone at posterosuperior surface

Articulate with ____ bone above

Articulate with ____ at sides

A

(2)

Small, thin vary in size and shape in different people

Forms superior body wall bridge if nose of the nasal cavity

Articulates with each other in midsaggital plane

Articulates with perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone at posterosuperior surface

Articulate with frontal bone above

Articulate with maxillae at sides

43
Q

Lacrimal bones

2

Small, quite thin

Located at the anterior part of the medial wall of the ____ between the _____of ethmoid bones and ____

  • together _____ form the lacrimal foassae which houses lacrimal ____
A

2

Small, quite thin

Located at the anterior part of the medial wall of the orbits between the labyrinth of ethmoid bones and maxilla

  • together maxilla form the lacrimal foassae which houses lacrimal sacs
44
Q

Maxillae

2

____ immovable bone of face

Form part of lateral walls and most of the floor of ____ cavity

Forms part floor of ____ cavities

Forms _____of roof of mouth

A

2

Largest immovable bone of face

Form part of lateral walls and most of the floor of nasal cavity

Forms part floor of orbital cavities

Forms 3/4 of roof of mouth

45
Q

Zygomatic bones

2

Form prominence of ____

Form the part of the side wall and floor ____ cavities

Articulate with the ____ bone superiorly

Articulate with _____ process of the temporal bone at each side

Articulates with ____ anteriorly

Articulates with _____ bone posteriorly

A

2

Form prominence of cheeks

Form the part of the side wall and floor orbital cavities

Articulate with the frontal bone superiorly

Articulate with zygomatic process of the temporal bone at each side

Articulates with maxilla anteriorly

Articulates with sphenoid bone posteriorly

46
Q

Palatine bones

2

L shaped bones composed of ____ and ____ plates

Horizontal ages articulates with the ____ to complete the posterior fourth of bony palate

Vertical portions; extend upward between the ____and _______processes of the sphenoid bone in the posterior nasal cavity

A

2

L shaped bones composed of vertical and horizontal plates

Horizontal ages articulates with the maxillae to complete the posterior fourth of bony palate

Vertical portions; extend upward between the maxillae and pterygoid processes of the sphenoid bone in the posterior nasal cavity

47
Q

Inferior nasal conchae

2

Long, narrow and extremely thin and curl laterally ( ____ like appearance )

Two extremities that project _____ from the attached superior boarder

Ethmoid process articulates with ____ bone

_____ process projects anteriorly and superiorly

Articulates with _____ bone and enters into formation
Of the bony lacrimal canal

Space between conchae and nasal septum called nasal ____

A

2

Long, narrow and extremely thin and curl laterally ( scroll like appearance )

Two extremities that project superiorly from the attached superior boarder

Ethmoid process articulates with ethmoid bone

Lacrimal process projects anteriorly and superiorly

Articulates with lacrimal bone and enters into formation
Of the bony lacrimal canal

Space between conchae and nasal septum called nasal meatus

48
Q

Vomer

Thin plate of bone

Located _____ plane of the floor of nasal cavity

Where it forms the inferior part of the bony _____ of the nose

Anterior boarder of the vomer slants superiorly and posteriorly from the anterior boarder of vomer slants anteriorly nasal spine to body of ____ bone

Superior part of its anterior boarder articulates with the _____plate of the ethmoid bone

A

Thin plate of bone

Located mid sagital plane of the floor of nasal cavity

Where it forms the inferior part of the bony septum of the nose

Anterior boarder of the vomer slants superiorly and posteriorly from the anterior boarder of vomer slants anteriorly nasal spine to body of sphenoid bone

Superior part of its anterior boarder articulates with the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

49
Q

Not on test!!!

Facial bones protect

Upper end of _____ and ______ ____

____ _____ protect eyes

A

Upper end of respiratory and digestive tracts

Orbital sockets protect eyes

50
Q

Diploe

_____ layer spongy tissue which separates two plates of compact tissue which compose the bones of ____ ____

A

Inner layer spongy tissue which separates two plates of compact tissue which compose the bones of cranial vault

51
Q

Table

_____ plate of facial bones: _____ than inner table over most of the vault and thickness of the layer of spongy tissue varies

A

Outer plate of facial bones: thicker than inner table over most of the vault and thickness of the layer of spongy tissue varies

52
Q

Meningeal grooves

Narrow , branchlike grooves which mark the _____surfaces of the bones

A

Narrow , branchlike grooves which mark the internal surfaces of the bones

53
Q

Sulci

Large channels in the internal surfaces of the bones forming the _____of the cranium, which lodge _____vessels of various sizes

A

Large channels in the internal surfaces of the bones forming the vault of the cranium, which lodge blood vessels of various sizes

54
Q

Six fontanels

A

Anterior
Posterior
Sphenoid(2)
Mastoid (2)

55
Q

Sphenoid fontannels(2)

Junction of _____, _______, _____ wing of sphenoid

A

Junction of parietal, temporal, great wing of sphenoid

56
Q

Mastoid fontanels(2)

Point ____ to ear where the _____and _____sutures meet

A

Point posterior to ear where the squamosal and lambdoidal sutures meet

57
Q

Frontal bone three regions

A

Anterior cranial fossa

Middle cranial fossa

Posterior cranial fossa

58
Q

Anterior cranial fossa

Extends from _____ frontal bone to ______ wings of the sphenoid

A

Extends from anterior frontal bone to lesser wings of the sphenoid

59
Q

Middle cranial fossa

Accommodates ______ lobe and associated neurovascualar structures and extends from the _____ wings of sphenoid bone to the apices of the ______ portions of the temporal bones

A

Accommodates temporal lobe and associated neurovascualar structures and extends from the lesser wings of sphenoid bone to the apices of the petrous portions of the temporal bones

60
Q

Posterior cranial fossa

Deep depression ______ to the petrous ridges ; protects(3)

A

Deep depression posterior to the petrous ridges ; protects the cerebellum , pons, and medulla oblongata

61
Q

Frontal bone forms

_____ and superior part of _____

A

Forehead and superior part of orbit

62
Q

Two parts frontal bone

______ or vertical portion

______ or horizontal portion

A

Squamous or vertical portion

Orbital or horizontal portion

63
Q

Squamous made of(7)

A

Glabella

Supra orbital groove(sog)

Supraorbital margin(som)

Supraorbital notch

Frontal eminence( tuberocity)

Supercillary arches

Frontal air sinuses

64
Q

Supraorbital notch

Small hole or opening within the _______ margin slightly medial to its midpoint. A ____and ____pass through this small opening

A

Small hole or opening within the supraorbital margin slightly medial to its midpoint. A nerve and artery pass through this small opening

65
Q

Frontal eminence (tuberocity)

Large rounded prominence located on each side of the median sagital plane of the superior portion of ____

A

Large rounded prominence located on each side of the median sagital plane of the superior portion of squama

66
Q

Front eminence

Each side _____bone

A

Each side frontal bone

67
Q

Orbital is inside _____

A

.Orbital is inside skull

68
Q

Orbital plate

On each side forms _____ part of each orbit

______ is external landmark at the level of the orbital plate

______ the orbital plates lie the facial bones and above the orbital plates is the anterior part of the floor of the brain case

A

On each side forms superior part of each orbit

Sog is external landmark at the level of the orbital plate

Below the orbital plates lie the facial bones and above the orbital plates is the anterior part of the floor of the brain case

69
Q

Ethmoidal notch

Separates each _____ plate from the other; _____bone fits into this notch

A

Separates each orbital plate from the other; ethmoid bone fits into this notch

70
Q

Nasal spine

Aka

Round at anterior end of ethmoidal notch. This is small inferior projection of bone which is the most ____ component of bony nasal _____

A

Aka frontal spine

Round at anterior end of ethmoidal notch. This is small inferior projection of bone which is the most superior component of bony nasal septum

71
Q

Frontal bone articulation with four cranial bones

A

Right and left parietals, sphenoid and ethmoid

72
Q

Squama articulates with ____ bones at the _____ suture, with great wing of the sphenoid bone at the ______suture and with nasal bones at ______ suture

A

Parietal bones at the coronal suture, with great wing of the sphenoid bone at the frontosphenoid suture and with nasal bones at frontonasal suture

73
Q

Posterior margins of orbital plates articulate with _____wings of sphenoid bone

A

Lesser wings of sphenoid bone

74
Q

Clivus

A

Shallow depression just posterior to the base of dorsum sellae. Depression is continuous with a similar groove at the base of the occipital bone sloping upward from the foramen magnum to where it joins the sphenoid. Area of brain forms a base support
From the pons portion of the brain

75
Q

Carotid sulcus

A

Groove located on either side of the sella turcica in which lies the internal carotid artery and the cavernous sinus

76
Q

Chiasmatic groove

A

Extends across anterior portion of superior surface of the body of the sphenoid body. This groove accommodates the optic chiasma which is the structure formed to approach and crossing the two optic nerves

77
Q

Foramen rotundum

A

Round aperature is horizontally placed in anteromedial portion of the greater wing adjacent to the lateral wall of the sphenoid all sinus

78
Q

Foramen ovale

A

Usually oval in shape and situated laterally and posteriorly to foramen rotundum

79
Q

Foramen spinosum

A

Located near posterior angle of greater wing, just lateral and posterior to foramen ovale

80
Q

Pterygoid processes

A

Arise for lateral portions the inferior surface of body

Medial portion inferior surfaces of greater wings

Project inferiorly

Curved laterally

Two ages of bone- medial and larval pterygoid laminae; fused their super anterior parts

81
Q

Pterygoid hammulus

A

Elongated hook shaped process which is inferior extremity of medial lamina

82
Q

Squamous portion

A

Rounded part that external surface of occipital bone

83
Q

Temporal bone consists of

A 
Squamous portion
Tympanic portion
Styoid process
Zygomatic process
Petromastoid portion
84
Q

Squama

A

Thin, upper potion of each temporal bone, forms posterior part mandibular fossa

85
Q

Petromastoid portion

A

Forms inferior , posterior part of temporal bone; which extended into mastoid process

86
Q

Mastoid portion articulates with parietal bone and its superior boarder throug parietomastoid suture

Occipital bone aas its its posterior border through the occipitomastoid suture

A

.

87
Q

Mastoid process

A

Varies in size depending on the amount of air

Larger in males

First air cells to develop is situated at upper anterior part of process

88
Q

Petrous portion

A

Pars petrosa and petrous pyramid

Thickest, densest bone of cranium

Projects medially and anteriorly between great wings of sphenoid bone and occipital bone to posterolateral angle of the body of sphenoid bone

Contains organ of hearing and balance

Upper boarder of the pyramid lies at infraorbitomeatal line

89
Q

Internal acoustic meatus( petrous portion)

A

Located at the center of posterior aspect of petrous portion

Transmits the vestibuocochlear and facial nerves

90
Q

External acoustic meatus

A

Sound conducting canal

One in length

1/3 canal wall is cartilaginous

2/3 ose ous

Ends in tympanic membrane of middle ear

91
Q

Tympanium

A

Middle ear
Located between internals/ external ear

Communicates with mastoid Antrum and auditory tubes

92
Q

Test 2

A

.

93
Q

Mandible

_____ and densest bone of the face

A

Largest and densest bone of the face

94
Q

Body

Curved horizontal portion of ___

A

Curved horizontal portion of mandible

95
Q

Rami

A

Two vertical portions( ramus)

96
Q

Mental protuberance

Flat triangular area projecting forward( aka ____

A

Flat triangular area projecting forward(chin)

97
Q

Mental point

Center mental ______ alveolar portion

A

Center mental protuberance alveolar portion

98
Q

Alveolar portion

Spongy bone _____ boarder of body ; ridge extends along entire superior portion of body of mandible by teeth

A

Spongy bone superior boarder of body ; ridge extends along entire superior portion of body of mandible by teeth

99
Q

Mental foramina

Located each half of body of mandible; serve as passageways for ____ and blood vessels

A

Located each half of body of mandible; serve as passageways for nerves and blood vessels

100
Q

Mandibular notch

Upper portion of each _____; terminates in u shaped notch

A

Upper portion of each ramus; terminates in u shaped notch

101
Q

Cornoid process

Process at the anterior end of the mandibular notch. Does not articulate with another bone and cannot be easily palpated since it lies just inferior to zygomatic arch. Serves as site for _____ attachment

A

Process at the anterior end of the mandibular notch. Does not articulate with another bone and cannot be easily palpated since it lies just inferior to zygomatic arch. Serves as site for muscle attachment

102
Q

Condyloid process

Posterior process of the upper ______ and consists two:

Rounded end of the condyloid process called ____

Constricted area directly below condyle is ____

A

Posterior process of the upper ramus and consists two:

Rounded end of the condyloid process called head

Constricted area directly below condyle is neck

103
Q

Temporormandibular joint ( tmj)

____ of condyloid process fits into the temporomandibular fossa of the temporal bone to form tmj joint

A

Condyle of condyloid process fits into the temporomandibular fossa of the temporal bone to form tmj joint

104
Q

Cranial sutures

A

Articulations Rigidly joined together

105
Q

Cranial bones form protective housing for______

A

Brain

106
Q

Facial bones joined by

A

Sutures

From Flashcardlet (57 decks)

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