protein a/a

Question 1

daily protein req

Answer 1

0.83g per kg body weight

Question 2

define transamination

Answer 2

making 1 non-essential aa from another

Question 3

deamination

Answer 3

stripping an aa of nitrogen and using for energy

Question 4

deamination req

Answer 4

B6

Question 5

2 factors protein quality

Answer 5

its digestibility

its aa composition - all ess a/as in right amounts

Question 6

food with perfect aa score

Answer 6

egg

Question 7

two effects of high protein intake

Answer 7

increased calcium excretion

kidney stress

Question 8

4 a/a function

Answer 8

detoxify chemicals
antioxidant protection
build bile acids for digestion
help make hormones, NTs

Question 9

2 functions glutamnine

Answer 9

intestinal repair/protection - strengthening epithelial tight junctions
immune modulator - stims lymphocytes/ NK cells

Question 10

what effect does cortisol have on glutamine

Answer 10

high cortisol

low glutamine

Question 11

4 applications of glutamate

Answer 11

intestinal permeability
chemo/radiation side effects
peptic ulcers - cabbage juive
HIV

Question 12

Function of glutamate/glutamic acid

Answer 12

principle excitatory a/a in brain
involved in movement
cognition
memory
sensation

Question 13

G makes G makes G (smaller, med, bigger)

Answer 13

glutamine > glutamate > glutathione

Question 14

glutathione is a tripeptide made of

Answer 14

cysteine

glutamate\glycine

Question 15

is glutamate neurotoxic

Answer 15

yes msg

Question 16

3 a/a urea cycle

Answer 16

arginine
ornithine
citrulline

Question 17

action of arginine

Answer 17

dilates arteries

Question 18

3 clinical applications arginine

Answer 18

lower BP - preciser to Nitric oxide
erectile dysfunction
angina

Question 19

BCAA are which 3 a/a

Answer 19

leucine
isoleucine
valine

Question 20

main effect of BCAA

Answer 20

stims protein synthesis - muscle sparing in exercise

Question 21

def in BCAA symptom

Answer 21

anorexia low appetite

Question 22

BCAA increases

Answer 22

appetite

Question 23

why does BCAA increase appaetite

Answer 23

competes with TRYPTOPHAN for uptake across BBB - same transport mechanism
tryptophan preciser to seratonin - decreases appetite

Question 24

sulphur a/as

Answer 24

methionine

cysteine

Question 25

cysteine synthesised from

Answer 25

methionine

Question 26

what does methionine get converted into

Answer 26

SAM - major methyl donor

Question 27

methionine req for synthesis of

Answer 27

acetylcholine creatine epinephrine

Question 28

cysteine a component of which 3 substances

Answer 28

glutathione coenzyme A taurine

Question 29

synthesis of B3 from tryptophan dependant on which 3 nutrients

Answer 29

B6, B2, iron

Question 30

3 side effects of methionine

Answer 30

can increase homocysteine levels- esp if def in B6,9,12 | aggravate liver/kidney disease

Question 31

cysteine req for which liver pathway

Answer 31

phase 2 detox - sulphating as source of sulphate

Question 32

source of cysteine

Answer 32

cruciferous veg

Question 33

antioxidant a/a

Answer 33

``` cysteine glutamate glycine - glutathione methionine (taurine) ```

Question 34

what does cysteine make

Answer 34

NAC - N-acetyl cysteine

Question 35

3 functions NAC

Answer 35

detoxifies antioxidant antiinflammatory

Question 36

clinical application cysteine

Answer 36

thins mucous - bronchitis, COPD, flu

Question 37

3 functions carnitine

Answer 37

cellular energy production gets long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria for oxidation reduces cellulite lowers triglycerides in blood

Question 38

2 therapeutic uses carnitine

Answer 38

congestive heart failure | infertility

Question 39

1 function creatine

Answer 39

increases performance in strength-related sports

Question 40

glycine is a

Answer 40

neurotransmitter

Question 41

smallest a/a

Answer 41

glycine - gets through BBB

Question 42

function glycone

Answer 42

binds to toxic substances to be excreted

Question 43

which a/a is not officially an a/a

Answer 43

taurine

Question 44

primary function taurine

Answer 44

antioxidant

Question 45

3 a/a cross BBB

Answer 45

glycine phenylalanine theanine

Question 46

what type of people is taurine essential for and why

Answer 46

neonates/anyone on parenteral nutrition - avoids cholestasis

Question 47

thiamine found in

Answer 47

green tea

Question 48

3 effects of theanine

Answer 48

calming improves concentration mod enhancing

Question 49

which a/a is precursor to thyroid hormone, dopamine, epinephrine, melanin

Answer 49

tyrosine

Question 50

when is it contraindicated to take tyrosine

Answer 50

antidepressants MAOIs skin cancer

Question 51

3 sources tryptophan

Answer 51

dairy turkey rice

Question 52

tryptophan key for production of which 2 nutrients

Answer 52

niacin | seraotinin

Question 53

3 therapeutic uses tryptophan

Answer 53

hyperactivity weight loss/apetite reduction improves stress/anxiety jet lag

Question 54

which a/a good for herpes

Answer 54

lysine

Question 55

which a/a could cause herpes

Answer 55

arginine

Question 56

why could long term supplemental a/a create imbalance

Answer 56

as compete for transport through cell membranes