PSY101 -Chapter 10: Intelligence Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in PSY101 -Chapter 10: Intelligence Deck (22)
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1
Q

Intelligence

A

Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations.

2
Q

Intelligence Test

A

A method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores.

3
Q

General Intelligence (g)

A

A general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test.

4
Q

Factor Analysis

A

A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score.

5
Q

Savant Syndrome

A

A condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing.

6
Q

Key Components of Creativity

A
  1. Expertise
  2. Imaginative thinking skills
  3. A venturesome personality
  4. Intrinsic motivation
  5. Creative environment
7
Q

Relationship Between Creativity and Intelligence

A
    • > 120 IQ is evidence for creativity in a person.
    • Left parietal lobe supports convergent thinking: intelligence tests, requiring a single correct answer.
    • Certain areas of the frontal lobe support divergent thinking: creativity and imagination, How many uses for a brick can you think of?
8
Q

Emotional Intelligence

A

The ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions.

  • -Perceiving emotions (on faces, in music and stories)
  • -Understanding emotions (predict them+changes+blends)
  • -Managing…(know how to express them in varied situations)
  • -Using…(enable adaptive or creative thinking).
9
Q

Mental Age

A

A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus,a child who does as well as the average 8yo is said to have a mental age of 8.

10
Q

Stanford-Binet

A

The widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet’s original intelligence test.

11
Q

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

A

Defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca). The average performance for a given age is assigned a score of 100.
– IQ=ma/ca x 100

12
Q

Achievement Test

A

A test designed to assess what a person has learned.

13
Q

Aptitude Test

A

A test designed to predict a person’s future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn.

14
Q

Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)

A

The WAIS is the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests.

15
Q

Standardization

A

Defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group.

16
Q

Normal Curve

A

The symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes.

17
Q

Reliability

A

The extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scores on two halves of the test, or on retesting.

18
Q

Validity

A

The extent to which a tes measure or predicts what it is supposed to.

19
Q

Content Validity

A

The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest.

20
Q

Predictive Validity

A

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior.

21
Q

Intellectual Disability

A

A condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound. (formerly mental retardation).

22
Q

Stereotype Threat

A

A self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype.