Psychopathology Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are Rosenhan and Seligmans criteria for failure to function ?
Personal distress
Maladaptive behaviour
Unpredictability
Irrationality
Observer discomfort
Violation of moral standards
Unconventionality
What are Jahodas criteria for ideal mental health ?
No personal distress
Rationality
Self-actualisation
Resiliance
High self esteem
Independence
Environmental mastery
Define the behaviuorist explanation of phobias
Phobias are learnt through classical conditioning and maintained through opperant
How does Watsons and Reiners study of little albert support the behaviourist explanation of phobias ?
They conditioned albert into a phobia of white rats and this was reinforced through attention and avoiding the rats
How does Bounton criticise the behaviourist explanation of phobias ?
He found that some phobias may be innate in some environments to keep us safe e.g. a fear of snakes in africa would be rational
What are the behaviourist treatments to phobias ?
Systematic desensitisation
Flooding
How does Gilroy support systematic desensitisation ?
He studied 42 participants with a fear of spiders amd found the desensitisation group were lessed stressed than the control and the group that were only given the relaxation techniques without the hierarchy at both 3 months and 33 months later
How does Olgrin support the use of flooding to treat phobias ?
They argue it to be more cost and time effective than other techniques
How does Wolpe support the use of flooding to treat phobias ?
They found that it was useful in the 60s to treat a group of girls with phobias of cars by driving them around for a number of hours
How does Wolpe criticise the use of flooding as a treatment in phobias ?
They found that in some cases the extereme stress can lead to hospitilisation or not wanting to continue the treatment
How does Lewis support the genetic explanation of OCD ?
37% had parents with OCD
21% had siblings with OCD
How does Innoy support the genetic explanation of OCD ?
80% of \MZ twins
25% of DZ twins
How does Clifford support the genetic explanation of OCD ?
MZ 50%
DZ 22%
How does Elley support the genetic explanation of OCD ?
MZ 59%
DZ 19%
How many genes did Taylor find to be candidates for OCD ?
230
How does Nestalt support the biological explanation of OCD ?
People with a close relative who has OCD are 6 times more likely ot be diagnosed with OCD themselves
How does Billet et al support the biological explanation of OCD ?
They conducted a meta analysis of 14 studies and found there to be a genetic correlation
What is the biological approach to treating OCD ?
Druf therapies such as SSRIs
Tricyclics
Anti anxiety drugs
psychosurgery
What is Becks theory of depression ?
A person has negative views of themselves the world around thewm and the future and the consequence of this is depression
What is Ellis’ ABC model of depression ?
The idea that there is an activating event which causes a belief and the consequence of this belief is depression
How does Bourey support Becks cognitive theory of depression ?
He foudn that tje patients with depression were more liekly to interpret information as negative
How does Bates support the cognitive theory of depression ?
He found that after giving patients with depression negative statements to read thehir symptoms got worse
How is CBT used as a treatment for depression ?
The counceller tries to get the parient to identify goals they want to achieve and helps them to think more rationally
How does March suport the use of CBT to treat depression ?
He found that in a group of 327 young people those who had drug and CB theorabies 86% made improvements compared to 81% in the groups which only had one or the other
