PULMONARY CIRCUIT DURING EXERCISE Flashcards Preview

Question 1

1

PULMONARY CIRCUIT

Answer

- during exercise

Question 2

2

blood flow (CO)

Answer

- LARGE INCREASE

Question 3

3

pulmonary arterial pressure

Answer

- SLIGHT INCREASE
- mostly NORMAL

Question 4

4

pulmonary vascular resistance

Answer

- LARGE DECREASE
- flow is inverse to resistance

Question 5

5

pulmonary blood volume

Answer

- INCREASE
- due to increase in CO

Question 6

6

number of perfused capillaries

Answer

- INCREASE
- for better exchange in the lung
- increase Oxygenation

Question 7

7

capillary surface area

Answer

- INCREASE, which means INCREASED rate of gas exchange

Question 8

8

smoker

Answer

- pulmonary hypertension
- increase lung marking in the X-ray

Question 9

9

systemic circuit ARTERIAL SYSTEM

Answer

- PO2 NO CHANGE, fully saturated
- PCO2 no change, increase ventilation proportional to increase metabolism
- pH no change, or decrease due to production of lactic acid, extreme exercise decrease pH due excessive production of lactic acid causing muscle cramps extracellular to intracellular, electrolyte shift
- MAP slight increase
- body temp. slight increase
- blood flow LARGE INCREASE
- vascular resistance (TPR) LARGE DECREASE due to release of lactic acid, due to dilation of skeletal muscle beds

Question 10

10

systemic circuit VENOUS SYSTEM

Answer

- PO2 DECREASE, due to increase extraction
- PCO2 INCREASE, due to metabolism

Question 11

11

during exercise

Answer

- INCREASE SYSTOLIC PRESSURE
- DECREASE DIASTOLIC PRESSURE
= MEAN PRESSURE SAME

Question 12

12

exercising muscle

Answer

- blood flow INCREASE
- vascular resistance DECREASE due to release in lactic acid
- capillary pressure INCREASE due to increase in flow
- capillary filtration INCREASE, due to increase hydrostatic pressure
- lymph flow INCREASE
- venous PO2 DECREASE and can reach extremely LOW levels
- extraction of oxygen INCREASE

Question 13

13

Cutaneous blood flow

Answer

- initially DECREASE, then INCREASE to dissipate heat

Question 14

14

Coronary blood flow

Answer

- INCREASE due to INCREASE IN VOLUME WORK of the heart
- due to increase in ADENOSINE

Question 15

15

cerebral blood flow

Answer

- no change due to unchanged arterial CO2

Question 16

16

renal blood flow

Answer

- decrease in the splanchnic circuit

Question 17

17

heart

Answer

- increase volume work
- increase HR, increase metabolism, increase production of ADENOSINE, causing increase in coronary flow
- preload normal in light and moderate exercise
- preload increase in heavy exercise

Question 18

18

regular exercise

Answer

- increase maximal O2 consumption
- increase ability to deliver O2 to active muscle by increasing CO
- increase coronary flow, increase adenosine
- low HR but > SV
- increase SV 35%
- HR normal same as untrained individuals
- increases # of arterioles, w/c decreases minimal resistance during exercise
- increase capillary density, w/c increases surface area and decreases diffusion distance
- increase # of oxidative enzymes in the mitochondria due to INCREASE IN ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN, increase metabolism causing weight control

PULMONARY CIRCUIT DURING EXERCISE Flashcards Preview

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