Quiz 2 Flashcards
Lymphatic system (50 cards)
3 purposes of the lymphatic system
1.Return of fluid to the bloodstream (plasma - interstitial fluid - lymph)
2. Lymph is filtered by lymph nodes (immunology) - (lymphocytes and macrophages)
3. Lymphatic capillaries (lacteals) pick up dietary fats in the small intestine
Lymphatic vessels are similar to..
Veins
Lymph aided in circulating through its vessels by movement of
skeletal muscles
Right lymphatic duct
Right half of the head, neck, chest, right arm
Thoracic duct
Drains more - everywhere that the right lymphatic duct does not
Where do both right lymphatic and thoracic duct drain
to subclavian veins
MALT
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
Name MALT tissues
Tonsils
Appendix
Peyer’s patches (small intestine)
Lymphadenitis
Inflamed lymph nodes
Lymphangitis
Lymphatic vessels inflamed due to bacterial infection, red streaks on skin
Location of lymph nodes
Cervical
Axillary
Supratrochlear
Pelvic
Abdominal
Thoracic
Inguinal
Which lymph node is often enlarged in children and why
Supratrochlear region - medial elbow
due to cut and scrapes on hands
Immune surveillance
Lymphocytes and macrophages destroying items filtered out of lymph
Thymus gland
In the mediastinum
T-cells mature here with the help hormones called thymosins
Larger in infancy/childhood
Mature T cell
Distinguishes self from non self
Spleen
Largest lymphatic organ
Reservoir of red blood cells
Describe 2 pulps found in spleen
Red pulp and white pulp
Both types of pulps contain lymphocytes and macrophages
Worn out RBCs are filtered in the red pulp
Innate immunity
Nonspecific defenses of immunity
Something we are born with
1st and 2nd lines of defenses
Adaptive immunity
Specific defenses of immunity
3rd line of defense
1st line of defense
Innate // Mechanical barries such as: intact skin, mucous membranes, cilia, hair, tears, saliva. urine
2nd line of defense
Innate // Chemical barriers such as inflammation, phagocytosis, NK cells, fever
Describe inflammation
- redness - from increased blood flow aided by vasodilation
- swelling - from increased capillary permeability
- heat - hot to the touch. blood is arriving from deeper body parts
- pain - stimulated by nearby pain receptors
Fever
The spleen and liver sequester iron because iron is necessary for bacterial and fungal metabolism in the blood, fever also stimulates phagocytosis
NK cells
Natural killer cells
Puncture “lyse” cell membranes of enemy cells
Performed through the production of perforin
