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From Flashcardlet > rad bio ch 18 > Flashcards

rad bio ch 18 Flashcards

1
Q

photopic bright light vision is seen with?

A

cones

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2
Q

scotopic dim light vision is seen with?

A

rod

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3
Q

lumen

A

basic unit of photometry

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4
Q

luminous flux

A

fundamental quantity of photometry, is expressed in lumen

- total intensity of light from the source

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5
Q

illuminance

A

decribes the intensity of light incident on a surface

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6
Q

luminance intensity

A

property of a source of light, such as viewbox

- luminous flux that is emitted into the entire viewing area, measured in candela

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7
Q

luminance

A

measure of brightness of a source , expressed in nit

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8
Q

invese square law

A

luminous intensity decreases in proportion to the inverse square of the distance from the source

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9
Q

cosine law

A

viewed straight on luminous intensity is strongest and viewed from the side , the contrast and luminous intensity is reduced

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10
Q

the best viewing of a digital image is

A

straight on

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11
Q

active matrix liquid crystal display is ____ to CRT ( digital cathode xray tube)

A

superior

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12
Q

amlcd has very intense white backlight that illuminstrates each ___. each pixel consists of light polarizing filters and films control the intensity and color of light transmitted through each pixel

A

pixel

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13
Q

spatial resolution improves with the use of _____megapixel digital display devices

A

higher

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14
Q

medical flat panel digital display devices are identified by the number of ____ in the amlcd

A

pixels

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15
Q

amlcd efficiency

A

10% of backlight transmitted

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16
Q

aperature ratio

A

measure of image luminance of AMLCD

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17
Q

active in AMLCD

A

ability to control each pixel of digital display device

18
Q

ergonomics

A

act of matching a worker to the work enviorment for max efficiency

19
Q

principle advantage of digital image vs screen film

A

pre and post processing

20
Q

preprocessing of digital images is largely automatic

A

automatic

21
Q

offset images and gain images

A

automatic calibration images designed to make the response of the image receptor uniform aka flatfielding

22
Q

average techniques reduce

A

noise and improve contrast

23
Q

signal interpolation

A

individual pixels are defective and respond different

24
Q

image lag

A

electronic latent image that may not be made visible completely

25
Q

line noise

A

voltage variations seen along buses that drive ach pixel causing linear artifacts on the final image

26
Q

postprocessing of a digital image require ____ manipulation

A

operator

27
Q

annotation

A

process of adding text to image

28
Q

humans can visualize ___ shades of grey

A

30

29
Q

window and level adjustment

A

amplication of image contrast is most important digital radiography feature

30
Q

magnification

A

smallest detail visible

31
Q

image flip

A

brings images in standard viewing order

32
Q

image inversion

A

results in black apperacnce of bone and white appearance of soft tissue

33
Q

pixel shift

A

reregisters image when misregstration of a subtraction image occurs when the patient moves during serial image acquistion

34
Q

edge enhancement

A

used for fractures and small high contrast tissue

35
Q

highlighting

A

effective in identifying diffuse, nonfocal disease

36
Q

pan,scroll,zoom

A

allows for careful visualization of precise regions of an image

37
Q

PACS

A

improves image interpretation, processing, viewing, storage, and recall

38
Q

four principal compnents of PACS

A

image acquisition system
display system
network
storage system

39
Q

clients are interconnected usually by cable in a building, by telephone or cable television lines among buildings and by microwave or satellite transmission for remote facilities

A

satellite

40
Q

teleradiography

A

process of remote transmission and viewing of images

41
Q

DICOM

Digital imaging and communication in medicine

A

standard imaging and interface format

42
Q

image storage requirements are determined by

A

by the number of images and the image data file size

- product of the matirc size and gray scale bit depth

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