Rational Recreation of Sport in the Post Industrial Era

Question 1

With the POST INDUSTRIAL ERA, what 6 ASPECTS do we FOCUS ON?

Answer 1

• Thomas Arnold
• Muscular Christianity
• The Cult of Athleticism
• Factory Teams
• Sporting Press
• Early NGB’s

Question 2

Describe how the CHURCH changed with the POST IND. ERA

Answer 2

• Church changed views of sport as it transitioned from Popular to Rational
• Used sport as a way to guide youth into good life-decisions

Question 3

Describe the DEVELOPMENT of FACTORY TEAMS

Answer 3

• Factory owners started to form Factory Teams as leagues started to develop
• Owners thought this would Boost Morale and business due to Press Coverage

Question 4

What were the FACTORS that allowed the GROWTH of the SPORTING PRESS?

Answer 4

• Transport and Technological advancements
• Literacy improvements across all classes
• Improved living standards
• Middle class having disposable income and leisure time
• Dedicated sections on newspapers for sport

Question 5

Describe how the establishment of EARLY NGB’s affected SPORT in the POST IND. ERA

Answer 5

• Codification allowed regional play of Public Schools with no issues
• Allowed greater accessibility of games to the general public
• Oxbridge Melting Pot

Question 6

Describe the term OXBRIDGE MELTING POT

Answer 6

• Games were taken to Oxbridge and other esteemed Unis
• Where they all mixed and became standardised versions of games

Question 7

Describe the role of PUBLIC SCHOOLS in the POST IND. ERA

Answer 7

• Elitist and exclusive for the Upper Class due to high fees
• Boarded students as parents were to far away

Question 8

Why were CONDITIONS in PUBLIC SCHOOLS POOR?

Answer 8

• Basic Living Conditions like no hot water, basic accom and bad food
• Strict Discipline
• Bullying and fagging for older boys
• Limited supervision

Question 9

What was the CLARENDON COMISSION?

Answer 9

• Established in 1864
• To investigate and improve conditions of Public Schools

Question 10

Describe the ROLE and ACTIONS of THOMAS ARNOLD

Answer 10

• Headmaster of Rugby School
• Enforced Social Control through strong Christian Principles
• Rewarded students with power and status within school

Question 11

Describe the term MUSCULAR CHRISTIANITY

Answer 11

• Evangelical movement where Christianity was linked to physical development
• A healthy mind in a healthy body

Question 12

What VALUES did MUSCULAR CHRISTIANITY ENCOURAGE?

Answer 12

• Loyalty
• Fair Play
• Integrity
• Dignity in defeat