Reliability and validity

Question 1

What is reliability?

Answer 1

Is the investigation able to be repeated?
Consistency

Question 2

Ways of testing reliability

Answer 2

Test re-test method
Into observer reliability

Question 3

What is test retest method?

Answer 3

Same people test experiment in a different time period

Question 4

What is into observer reliability?

Answer 4

Two observers independently record the same behaviour

Question 5

Ways of improving reliability

Answer 5

Controlling the conditions of the experiment
Observers should not observe together
Questionnaire can use the test retest method to improve reliability if a question is unclear
Using the same interview at each time will enhance reliability

Question 6

What is validity?

Answer 6

Whether the study truly measures what it intended to measure
How far it can be generalised

Question 7

What is internal validity?

Answer 7

Whether the study measures white intended to referring to the independent variable affecting the dependent variable
Avoid avoiding extraneous or confounding variables

Question 8

What is external validity?

Answer 8

Whether the findings of the study really can be generalised beyond the presence of the study

Question 9

33 types of external validity

Answer 9

Population validity
Ecological validity
Temporal validity

Question 10

What is population validity?

Answer 10

The extent to which the findings can be generalised to other populations of people

Question 11

What is ecological validity?

Answer 11

The extent to which the findings can be general realised to other situations outside of the research/ more naturalistic settings

Question 12

What is temporal validity?

Answer 12

Whether the research could be generalised over time

Question 13

What is a way of testing validity?

Answer 13

Face validity
Concurrent validity

Question 14

What is face validity?

Answer 14

Deciding at face value if it measures what it intends to measure

Question 15

What is concurrent validity?
Common to 2 marker

Answer 15

When the results of a test are compared to another existing well established test
If there is a strong positive correlation above positive 0.8 showing the two tests are likely to be valid

Question 16

Ways of improving validity

Answer 16

Use a control group
Covert observation
Keep results anonymous increasing the chance that participants will answer honestly

Question 17

What is the best way of improving validity?

Answer 17

Design a pilot study
Do not use actual participants
To check everything actually investigated and they run smoothly
Small scale trial .