Renal

Question 1

Cause of acute interstitial nephritis

(tubulointerstitial nephritis)

Answer 1

Remember the P’s

Pee (diuretics)

Pain-free (NSAID)

PCN and cephalosporins

PPI

RifamPin

-Pyuria (classically eosinophilia) and azotemia occuring after administration of drugs that act as haptens.

Question 2

PCT acid base happenings

Answer 2

-On the basolateral side, the Na/K ATPase pumps Na out of the cell into the blood (this is where 65-80% of Na is reabsorbed. This then allows for a gradient inside the cell where Na can be exchanged for a H+. This H+ in the lumen now binds with HCO3 that was filtered to form H2CO3. This (with the help of Carbonic Anydrase sitting in brush border, and the deterrance of Acetazolamide) then gets broken down into water and CO2. (If acetazolamide present, would have excreted bicarb). Both of these diffuse back into the cell and are combined with CA once again to H2CO3 then broken down and the BICARB IS REABSORBED BACK INTO BLOOD