Flashcards in Renal Histology Deck (22):
1
What do arcuate vessels do?
between cortex/medulla and form interlobular/interlobar vessels
2
2 kinds of nephrons and percentage?
cortical (85%)
juxta-medullary (15%)
3
What is the hollow space between capillaries and capsule in the nephron?
Bowman's space
4
What are mesangial cells?
type of pericyte and smooth muscle cells of the glomerulus
5
What are podocytes?
specialised epithelial cells that form final level of filtration, surrounds the fenestrated endothelium
6
what are slit membranes?
3-5 nm pores between podocyte foot processes
7
what does the thick basal lamina plus slit membrane provide?
filtration barrier
8
What's overall point of the renal tubules to produce?
hyperosmotic urea-rich fluid
9
Proximal tubule has what kind of epithelium? describe.
simpel cuboidal
microvilli
thick: ion pumps and mitochondria
folded basolateral membrane
10
describe the thin walled part of the tubules histologically
simple squamous cells
11
describe the features of distal tubule histologically? 4 big things.
simple cuboidal
larger lumen
no microvilli
thick: lots of mitochondria and ion pumps
12
purpose of macula densa? where is it?
distal tubule that passes between afferent and efferent arteriole
Chemoreceptor function/monitor filtrate
13
what and where are the juxtaglomerular cells and what do they release? how are they signaled?
on afferent and efferent arteriole
release renin, signalled from paracrine macula densa
14
describe collecting duct histologically 3 big ones
simple cuboidal becoming more columnar
large lumen
impermeable to water unless ADH or vasopressin is present.
15
what happens to efferent arteriole after the glomerulus?
vasa recta
crucial for urine concentration
16
describe the ureter histologically
simple muscular tube
transitional epithelium
17
ureter peristalsis is regulated by what kind of nerves?
autonomic nerves
18
describe urinary bladder histologically
transitional epithelium
smooth muscle during micturation
controlled autonomically/voluntarily
19
transitional epithelium: describe
multipayered
non-permeable (very tight junctions)
membrane plaques
20
what do the membrane plaques in the outer players of bladder transitional epithelium do?
stretch during distension
21
describe urethra histologically
first: transitional epithelium
then stratified squamous
22