Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Epi MT > ReoViruses > Flashcards

ReoViruses Flashcards

1
Q

Reo stands for

A

Resp, enteric & orphan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

important reovirus genera

A

orbivirus genus: AHS, Equine encephalosis, BTD
Rotavirus genus: Rotavirus A-J

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F

Bluetongue is caused by an intraerythrocytic parasite

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

whys is it called Blue tongue

A

farmers could observe cyanosis of tongue in clinical cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which serotype of bluetongue disease caused a devastating outbreak in 2006

A

ST8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

BTV is enveloped or not?

A

non-enveloped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How many serotypes of BTV

A

28 (29)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How can we know which serotype of BTV it is

A

with it’s VP2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the atypical serotypes

A

BTV-25,26 & 27 (28)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why are they called atypical serotypes

A
  • non pathogenic
  • direct contact transmission
  • found exclusively in small ruminants
  • unable to grow in culicoides cell lines
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where was BTV-28 found?

A

isolated from contaminated live-attenuated sheeppox and lumpy skin disease vaccines in israel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Is BTV important

A

yes, has a high economical impact

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

why does BTV have a high economical impact

A

high morbidity and mortality
stillbirths, abortion
decreased BirthW
reduced milk yield & fertility rates
meat losses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

vector of BTV

A

BTV spread naturally to susceptible hosts by the bite of blood sucking midges of genus culicoides

biological vector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which culicoides species are responsible for the transmission of BTV

A

C. Oxystoma
C. imicola

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where is BTV found

A

the culicoides vector can survive at 15° so more in southern regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

other possible route of infection other than biological vector of BTV

A

in utero
transplacental infection
venereal transmission through semen

(most important)

also contact/ oral
iatrogenic
mechanical vector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the extrinsic incubation

A

incubation inside the vector

4-20 dys (depends on the temperature)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what can be a mechanical vector of BTV

A

sheep ked, tick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

BTV outbreaks

A

seasonal, late summer & autumn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how can BTV re-emerge after winter?

A

BTV possibly overwinters transplacentally in infected calves

(kind of persistent viraemia)

viraemia of in utero infected calves differs from prolonged one of adult animal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

which domestic animals does BTV infect

A

sheep
goats
cattle
carnivores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Cattle BTV

A

viraemic period longer in cattle than in sheep
cattle is reservoir & amplifying host
usually asymptomatic or sub-clinical
BTV8 severe clinical signs in cattle in 2006

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Goats BTV

A

usually asymptomatic or sub-clinical infection
but in 2006 BTV8 : severe clinical signs in goats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
BTV pathogenesis
- bite of infected midges - skin to local Ln - 1st viraemia to secondary organs - rep in endothelial cells & mononuclear phagocytic cells of skin
26
early viraemia of BTV
associated with all blood elements
27
later stages
exclusively associated with **erythrocytes**
28
virus effect on a cellular aspect
very strong affinity to endothelial cells, replication causes apoptosis & necrosis of endothelial cells of small blood vessels in target tissues
29
BTV cross protection
specific neutralising antibodies provide long-lasting protection with homologous serotype only ## Footnote **no cross protection at all**
30
clinical forms of BTV
from asymptomatic to lethal
30
CS of BTV
fever serous to bloody nasal discharge (mucopurulent) hyperaemia and oedema of face (monkey face) oral erosions cyanosis of tongue coronitis (lamness) resp muscular necrosis
31
cattle BTV CS
fever conjunctivitis nasal discharges ulcers in oral mucosa necrosis in lips, tongue & interdigital skin neuro signs in calves ## Footnote coronitis, interdigital disease called "dancing disease"
32
Goat BTV CS
mild CS but severe with BTV8
33
patho of BTV
endothelial damage: coagulopathy & haemorrhages oedema infarction heavy muscular degeneration & necrosis cerebellar hypoplasia haemorrhagic enteritis in lambs
34
diagnosis of BTV
RT qPCR antibodies: AGID, ELISA
35
BTV DD
FMD sheep pox IBR BVD-MD MCF panaritium Vit E & Sel def
36
BTV control
mass vaccination (homologous protection) vector control restricted zone: 20km protection zone: 100km surveillance zone: 150km ## Footnote **NOTIFIABLE**
37
Epizootic Haemorrhagic fever which virus
Sedoviridae-Orbivirus
38
Which animals does Epizootic haemorrhagic fever infect
White tailed deer in the USA
39
Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) has how many serotypes
At least 7
40
Important Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) serotype
ST 2- Ibaraki virus, high mortality in cattle in Japan
41
Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) vector
Mosquito and midges
42
Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) control
NOTIFIABLE (Domestic ruminants are also susceptible)
43
Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) CS
Oedema, swollen head, neck, tongue Loss of fear in humans Lethal within 8-36hrs (100% mortality)
44
Differentiation of Epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and BTV
qPCR
45
African horse sickness occurrence
Worldwide
46
African horse sickness causative agent
African horse sickness virus, OrbiVirus (9 serotype of diverse virulence)
47
Susceptibility of African horse sickness virus
Equids Rarely: elephant, camel, dog, ferret
48
Epizootiology of African horse sickness
Arthropod vectors (midges (biological), mosquitoes(mechanical V), ticks (rarely, more mechanical)) Viraemia: 4-8 days Shedding : semen, urine,discharges Inf of carnivores : consumption of horse meat
49
African horse sickness Patho genesis
1st rep: lymphatic tissue Viraemia Lymph & blood vessel endothel damage Oedema, haemorrhages Pulmonary oedema, cardiopathy
50
African horse sickness mortality rate
Horse: 70-96!
51
Peracute African horse sickness CS
fever, sweating, red conjunctiva Dyspnoe, foamy nasal discharge Death within 24hrs
52
Acute form of African horse sickness CS
Resp form, death within a week
53
Subacute African horse sickness CS
Cardiac, oedematic form Fever Oedema “hippo head” Let oedema neck &chest Haemorrhage in conjunctiva & ventral aspect of tongue Death of cardiac dysfunction If survives oedema disappears within 3-8 dys
54
Mixed form of African horse sickness
Milder Resp signs, oedema
55
Chronic form of African horse sickness
Recurrent fever (in afternoon) Mainly donkeys, zebras, immune horses
56
Patho of African horse sickness
Pulm. Oedema Oedema under skin Haemorrhages
57
Patho of African horse sickness
Pulm. Oedema Oedema under skin Haemorrhages
58
Diagnosis of African horse sickness
notifiable disease - lab D is needed virus isolation: suckling mouse brain RT-PCR ELISA
59
DDx of African horse sickness
Equine viral arteritis (typically abortions) babesiosis anthrax Equine infectious anaemia
60
prevention and control of African horse sickness in AHS free countries
restriction on equine importation from endemic countries (permission with 30 dys quarantine, serologie and virologie) ectoparasitic treatment dog potential carriers ## Footnote **Notifiable D**
61
outbreak control of African horse sickness
sanitary prophylaxis slaughtering animals, insect control vaccination on safety zone (x2)
62
protection for African horse sickness in endemic countries
attenuated, polyvalent vaccines (prod in ,ouse brain or cell culture) protects for a few years
63
equine encephalosis occurence
southern countries of africa, in Israel too
64
equine encephalosis causative agent & vector
orbivirus, culicoides vector
65
equine encephalosis pathogenesis
similar to AHS blood vessel damages
66
equine encephalosis CS
3-10 dys incubation asymptomatic mostly oedema of lips & eyelids CNS signs (brain oedema) abortion (first 5-6 months) enteritis, liver dystrophy
67
equine encephalosis mortality
recovery, rarely fatal
68
equine encephalosis prevention & control
no vaccine epi measures
69
equine encephalosis diagnosis
PCR to differentiate with AHS elisa to detect Ab

Epi MT (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions