Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Bmsc 208 > Repro 4 > Flashcards

Repro 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Female reproduction occurs in what fashion

A

Cyclical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is external genitalia collectively referred to as

A

Vulva or pudendum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

External genitalia of female

A

Clitoris
Labium minus
Labium Majus
Urethral opening
Vagina
Hymen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Opening of uterus

A

Cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 layers of uterus

A

Perimetrium, myometrium, Endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Perimetrium

A

Thin outer connective tissue layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Myometrium

A

A thick layer of smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Endometrium

A

Inner layer that varies in size through cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens when sperm swim into uterus

A

Proceeds down fallopian tubes (20-25cm)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fallopian tubes

A

Contain 2 layers of smooth muscle similar to intestines and lined with cilia to move eggs to uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where does fertilization happen

A

Right outside ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do fallopian tubes end in

A

Fimbrae- finger like projections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do fimbrae ensure

A

Eggs released from ovary enters fallopian tube
Falllopian tube and fimbrae held close by connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does ovary produces

A

Eggs (gametes) and hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What covers ovaries

A

Dense connective tissue layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is inner portion of ovaries

A

Stoma
Medulla(contains blood vessels and nerves) and thick outer cortex (contains developing gametes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many oogonia during fetal development

A

5-7 million
Large amount of mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many primordial follicles at birth

A

~500,000 primary oocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

How many primordial follicles at puberty

A

~180,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How often are primordial follicles are recruited

A

Each cycle (1~ year complete maturation before enter cycle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ovaries contain follicles

A

In different developmental states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

As secondary follicle develops what forms to become tertiary

A

Antrum to become tertiary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How many tertiary “dominant” follicle fully develops

A

One

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Why are so many primordial follicles lost from birth to puberty

A

Many undergo atresia
- hormone regulated cell death

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is on outside of primordial follicle
Pregranulosa cells
26
What is on outside of primary follicle
Cuboidal granulosa cells
27
What is on outside secondary preantral follicle
Theca and Increased number of granulosa cells
28
What are primary, secondary, tertiary follicles
Still primary oocyte
29
What is within antrum
Storage of enzymes, hormones, growth factors and regulatory factors needed for oocyte maturation, ovulation and fertilization
30
Females produce mature gametes in
Monthly cycles (avg 28 days; normal range 24-35 days)
31
Why is it called menstrual cycle
Due to 3-7 days of bloody uterine discharge
32
3 phases of ovarian cycle
Follicular phase, ovulation, luteal phase
33
Follicular phase
Marked by follicular growth, most variable 10 days to 3 weeks 5-10 tertiary follicles make to menstrual cycle and continue to grow for 7 days Day 7 get one dominant follicle make through to ovulation
34
Ovulation
Once one or more follicles have ripened, ovary releases oocytes during ovulation
35
Luteal phase
Post ovulatory phase Ruptured follicle transforms to corpus luteum (yellow), named for yellow pigment and lipid deposits
36
Corpus luteum
Secretes hormones Ceases to function after 2 weeks
37
what becomes corpus luteum
Rest of granulosa cells and theca cells
38
Process of follicle growth
Numerous primordial follicles - primary follicles - secondary follicles - tertiary follicles - 5-10 grow (days 1-7) - atresia or one dominant follicle (day 7)
39
How long from primordial follicles to tertiary follicles
~1 year
40
Follicle contains primary oocyte until
16-24 hours before ovulation (LH surge) First meiotic division
41
When does ovulation occur
Day 14
42
From what days does luteal phase happen
14-28
43
Uterine cycle
Menses 1-7 Proliferative phase 7-14 Secretory phase 14-28
44
Menses
Beginning of follicular phase in ovary corresponds with menstrual bleeding from uteri’s
45
proliferative phase
Latter part of follicular phase, uterus adds new cells to endometrium layer in anticipation of pregnancy
46
Secretory phase
After ovulation hormones for corpus luteum convert thickened endometrium into secretory structure
47
If pregnancy does not occur
Superficial endometrium layers are lost during menstruation and cycle begins again
48
What does corpus luteum secrete during secretory phase
Progesterone and estrogen
49
Drop of progesterone and estrogen cause
Endometrial layer to slough off
50
Follicles secrete what during menstrual and Proliferative phase
Estrogen causes proliferation
51
Where is estrogen, progesterone, inhibin and AMH released from
Ovaries
52
During follicular phase and Proliferative what is dominant
Estrogen
53
Ovulation is triggered by
Surges in LH and FSH (mostly LH)
54
During luteal phase what is dominant
Progesterone
55
When does bod temp raise
Secretory phase Progesterone raises
56
In the tertiary follicles what produces hormones in early to mid follicular phase
Granulosa (FSH) Thecal (LH)
57
How are androgens converted to estrogens
Aromatase in granulosa cells
58
What does AMH prevent
Additional follicle recruitment so more dont join pool of tertiary
59
Estrogen has what feedback on granulosa cells
Positive
60
Estrogen causes
Endometrium proliferation
61
When does estrogen release peak from follicles
Late follicular phase and ovulation
62
What happens during late follicular phase and ovulation
Some follicles undergo atresia, dominating follicle persists and granulosa cells now begin to also release progesterone and inhibin
63
What happens to estrogen late follicular phase and ovulation
Persistently high flips to positive feedback on hypothalamus Readies endometrium of uterus for implantation
64
What happens to LH and FSH during late follicular and ovulation
LH surges to greater degree then FSH - inhibin prevent large FSH surge

Bmsc 208 (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions