Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bmsc 208 > Respiratory 2 > Flashcards

Respiratory 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are fluids

A

Substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress (gas,liquid)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is normal sea level atmospheric pressure but what do respiratory physiologist set atmospheric pressure to

A

760 mmHg
Set to 0 cm H2O or mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is atmospheric air

A

Mixture of gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Dalton’s law

A

Total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressure exerted by each gas
- Determines atmospheric pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What Dalton’s law dependent on

A

Humidity of air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Pressure exerted by one gas is known as

A

Partial pressure
PO2 PCO2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Partial pressure of gas=

A

Patm x % of gas in atmosphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Partial pressure of gas in humid air=

A

(Patm - PH2O) x % of gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is bulk flow

A

Composition of gases moving

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How does gas move in respiratory system

A

Down pressure gradients
From region of high pressure to low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is flow directly inverse to

A

Resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is flow directly proportional to

A

The pressure difference between alveolar pressure and atmospheric pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are relevant pressure related to flow

A

Alveolar pressure: Palv (at end)
Atmospheric pressure: Patm (set to 0, at start right outside mouth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

During inspiration what decreases

A

Alveolar pressure to create gradient to move air in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

During expiration what increases

A

Alveolar pressure increases to create gradient to move air out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Palv>Patm

A

Expiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Palv<Patm

A

Inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does boyle’s law describe

A

Pressure-volume relationships
Change in lung volume results in a change in lung pressure driving bulk flow of air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is boyle’s law equation

A

(P1V1=P2V2)

20
Q

What happens to the pressure when the volume decreases to 0.5L?

A

P1V1=P2V2
100 mmHg x 1L = P2 x 0.5 L
200 mmHg =P2
Increased by 2

21
Q

What happens during inspiration

A

Make volume of our alveoli larger resulting in drop in pressure below atm pressure resulting in air flow from atmosphere to alveoli

22
Q

What is ventilation

A

Bulk flow exchange of air between the atmosphere and alveoli

23
Q

What is a single respiratory cycle (one complete ventilation)?

A

Single inspiration followed by an expiration

24
Q

What does spirometer measure

A

Lung volumes change

25
Q

Tidal volume (TV)

A

Amount of air that enters or exits the lungs during quiet respiration (resting)

26
Q

Tidal volume and frequency of breaths is

A

Total ventilation during rest

27
Q

Total pulmonary ventilation

A

TV x frequency of breaths
Amount of air moving in than out

28
Q

Inspiration reserve volume

A

Additional air that could still be inspired after quiet inspiration

29
Q

Expiratory reserve volume

A

After end of quiet expiration, the volume of air that still remains within the lungs that can be expired

30
Q

Residual volume

A

Air remaining in lungs even after maximal expiratory effort (cannot be measured with spirometer)

31
Q

What are the four primary volumes that do not overlap and are the total lung capacity

A

Tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, residual volume

32
Q

What are the two important functions of the air left

A
  1. Prevents airway collapse (small airways), after a collapse it takes large pressure to re-inflate
  2. It allows continuous exchange of gases
33
Q

Total lung capacity

A

Sum of all 4 volumes

34
Q

Functional residual capacity

A

Capacity of air remaining in the lungs after quiet expirations, the sum of ERV and RV

35
Q

Inspiratory capacity

A

Sum of IRV and TV representing the max amount of air that one can inspire after quiet expiration

36
Q

Vital capacity

A

Sum of IRV, TV, and ERV representing the max achievable air moved with a single breath (everything but residual volume)

37
Q

What is a pulmonary function test

A

Testing individuals forced vital capacity (FVC) and comparing to Force expired volume in one second (FEV1)

38
Q

What is low initial FVC indicative of

A

Restrictive pulmonary disease (decrease in lung compliance)
-COPD

39
Q

What is FEV1 normally

A

~80% of vital capacity

40
Q

What is below 80% of FEV1 indicative of

A

Obstructive pulmonary disease (increased resistance)
- asthma

41
Q

How do we change alveolar pressure

A

Inspiratory muscle (skeletal) to increase the volume of alveoli, resulting in decrease in pressure

42
Q

What is 60-75% of inspiratory volume change due to

A

Diaphragm (base of thoracic cavity)
Contracts and flattens

43
Q

When is diaphragm relaxed

A

At end of expiration

44
Q

What is the last 25-40% of inspiratory volume due to

A

Movements of rib cage

45
Q

What muscles cause pump handle movement of sternum

A

External intercostals of upper ribs and scalenes
- move sternum outward

46
Q

What muscles cause bucket handle motion of ribs

A

External intercostals in lower ribs
- lift ribs outward

Bmsc 208 (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions