Repro p. 563-567 Flashcards Preview

M2015/16 > Repro p. 563-567 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Repro p. 563-567 Deck (42)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Umbilical arteries and vein are derived from —.

What is Wharton jelly?

A

allantois
A gelatinous substance that provides insulation and protection within the umbilical cord. Stem cells are present in Wharton’s jelly, as well as in umbilical cord blood.

2
Q

number of umbilical artery/ies?

A

2-vessel cord

3
Q

Drainage path of umbilical vein?

A

drains into IVC via ductus venosus

4
Q

In the —week the yolk sac forms the allantois,

—-week obliteration of vitelline duct.

A

3rd

7th

5
Q

Urachal cyst can lead to what 2 paths?

A

infection, adenocarcinoma.

6
Q

child presents with urine discharge from umbilicus. what is the path?

A

Patent urachus

7
Q

Child presents with meconium discharge from umbilicus. what is the path?

A

Vitelline fistula

8
Q

Partial closure of vitelline duct has what sx?

A

Meckel diverticulum–> Melena, hematochezia and abdominal pain.

9
Q

Meaning of this mnemonic: “1st arch is maximal.”

branch of which artery?

A

1st Aortic Arch: Part of maxillary artery (branch of external
carotid).

10
Q

Meaning of this mnemonic: “Second = Stapedial.”

A

2nd Aortic arch: Stapedial artery and hyoid artery.

11
Q

Meaning of this mnemonic: “C is 3rd letter of alphabet.”

A

3rd Aortic arch: Common Carotid artery and proximal part of internal Carotid artery.

12
Q

Meaning of this mnemonic: “4th arch (4 limbs) = systemic.”

A

4th Aortic arch: On left, aortic arch; on right, proximal part of right subclavian artery

13
Q

6th aortic arch is the derivative of?

A

pulmonary and the pulmonary-to systemic shunt (ductus arteriosus).

14
Q

Left recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around —- distal to ductus arteriosus.
Right recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around —.

A

aortic arch

right subclavian artery

15
Q

“CAP” refers to what?

A

Covers outside to inside:

Clefts = ectoderm
Arches = mesoderm + neural crest
Pouches = endoderm
16
Q

Pt presents with cyst within lateral neck, anterior to sternocleidomastoid muscle, it is Immobile during swallowing. what is the path?

A

Persistent cervical sinus Ž–> branchial cleft cyst

17
Q

A neural crest dysfunction causing mandibular hypoplasia and facial abnormalities is called?

A

Treacher Collins syndrome

18
Q

Pt presents with undersized jaw, displacement of the tongue toward the pharynx, cleft palate, and airway obstruction. what is the path?

A

Pierre Robin sequence

19
Q

Muscle that elevates the hyoid bone is from which Branchial arch?

A

anterior belly of digastric –> 1st

20
Q

CN used for chewing?

A

CN V2 and V3

21
Q

What is a common name of Mayer-Rokitansky- Küster-Hauser syndrome? describe the path?

A

Müllerian agenesis
1° amenorrhea (due to a lack of uterine
development) in females with fully developed
2° sexual characteristics (functional ovaries).

22
Q

In female developement — duct degenerates and — duct develops.

A

Mesonephric

paramesonephric

23
Q

— develops into male internal structures. Name those structures? “SEED”

A
Mesonephric duct
(except prostate)

Seminal vesicles,
Epididymis,
Ejaculatory duct,
Ductus deferens

24
Q

— secrete Müllerian inhibitory factor (MIF). Function of MIF?

A

Sertoli cells

suppresses development of paramesonephric ducts.

25
Q

Name the internal female structures that arise from paramesonephric duct?

A

fallopian tubes,
uterus,
upper portion of vagina
(lower portion from urogenital sinus).

26
Q

Genetically xy Pt presents with both male and female internal genitalia and male external genitalia. What embryological process was interrupted?

A

Degeneration of paramesonephric (Müllerian) duct (female internal genitalia) was not inhibited due to lack of Sertoli cells or Müllerian inhibitory factor.Ž

27
Q

Worried mother brought her 15 year old daughter for physical since she hasn’t menstruated yet. Examination, shows a blind-ending vaginal pouch and virilization. what is the path?

A

5α-reductase deficiency

inability to convert testosterone into DHT

28
Q

DHT converts —-,—- into Male external genitalia and prostate

A

Genital tubercle,

urogenital sinus

29
Q

Function of SRY gene?

A

on Y chromosome –> produces testisdetermining factor

30
Q

“Ear, tonsils, bottom-to-top” stands for?

1 2 3 3 4

A
1 (ear),
2 (tonsils),
3 dorsal (bottom for inferior parathyroids),
3 ventral (to = thymus),
4 (top = superior parathyroids)
31
Q

Pt without parathyroid and conotruncal anomalies is suffering from what path?

A

DiGeorge syndrome

32
Q

what structure becomesŽ inferior parathyroids?

what structure becomes thymus?

A

3rd pouch
Dorsal wings
Ventral wings

33
Q

Dorsal wings in 4th pouch become–>

Ventral wings in 4th pouch become–>

A

D—> superior parathyroids.

V—> Žultimobranchial body
V—> parafollicular (C) cells of thyroid.

34
Q

failure of fusion of which structures causes cleft lip?

A

maxillary and medial nasal processes

35
Q

Cleft palate—failure of fusion of the two —- or failure of fusion of —- with the —- and/or —-.

A

lateral palatine shelves
lateral palatine shelves with the nasal septum
lateral median palatine shelf

36
Q

Name the CNs with both motor and sensory components

A

V3, VII, IX, X

37
Q

Which Branchial Arches form posterior 1⁄3 of tongue?

A

3 and 4

38
Q

all intrinsic muscles of larynx except cricothyroid are derivatives of which arch?

A

6th arch

39
Q

Arches 1 2 3 4 6 name the CN?

“M S P ACCCT”

A
1 --> V2, V3
2--> VII
3--> IX
4--> superior laryngeal branch of X
6--> recurrent laryngeal branc of  X
40
Q

Which arch becomes platySma, posterior belly of digastric?

A

2nd arch

41
Q

Which arch becomes anterior belly of digastric?

A

1st arch

42
Q

Which arch becomes Greater horn of hyoid?

A

3rd arch