Repro05

Question 1

MALE

REPRODUCTIVE

PATHOLOGY

Question 2

(02)

(Scrotum)

1. skin is thin - thicked and haired only in what animal?
2. sweat glands - thermal regulator
3. most important thermoregulators?

Answer 2

1. cat
2. pampiniform plexus and cermaster muscle

Question 3

(03)

Answer 3

Question 4

(04)

(Developmental Anomalies)

(Crytorchidism)

1. what is it?
2. occurs in what species?
3. uni or bi?

mostly what?

4. iherited

how in horse?

in other?

Answer 4

1. incomplete descent of one or both testes
2. all domestic
3. either

most uni and left (10% are bi)

4. dominant

recessive

Question 5

(05)

(Cryptorchidism - cont)

1. bilateral are infertiel cause of heat

unilateral?

(gross)

1. Testisissmall,firmandoftenoddlyshaped(elongateincanal)
2. located where?

common site?

Answer 5

1. decreased fertility (low sperm counts)
2. from caudal pole of kidney to external inguinal ring

internal inguinal ring

Question 6

(06)

(cryptorchidism)

(importance)

1. infertitly
2. in dog specifically?
3. gives horses what?

Answer 6

2. predisposition to testicular neoplasia (10% more) - more prone to be malignant
3. a “mean dispostion” (high flanker horse)

Question 7

(07)

(Testicular Hypoplasia)

(Arrest in testicular development)

1. occurs in what species?
2. inherited in what?

(gross)

3. testicle smaller/softer than normal
4. in chronic - testicle is firm why?

(semen)

5. how is it?

Answer 7

1. all species
2. swedish highland cattle (30%)
3. fibrous CT replacement
4. watery with few or no spermatids

Question 8

(8)

(Testicular Degeneration - Atrophy)

1. Mostf requent cause of infertility in male animals

can occur in all species without indication of pathogenesis

(type)

1. unilateral - local causes

pressure of what?

vascular occlusion - inflammation of artery due to what?

2. bilateral - systemic causes

Answer 8

1. local tumor or abscess

strongyle larvae in horse

Question 9

(09)

(Testicular Degeneration)

Question 10

(10)

(Testicular Degneration)

1. local or systemic infection

2 poor nutrition

low energy

deficiency in what?

2. vascular

infarction by what?

castration by crushing

strongyle larvae in horse –> ?

Answer 10

2. vitamin A, phosphorus, protein
3. torsion

inflammation of spermatic artery

Question 11

(11)

(Testicular Degeneration)

1. age - due to what?
2. noxious agents…

like what?

Answer 11

1. hyaline degeneration of arterial walls
2. chemicals, chlorinated napthalene found in wood preservative - cattle, radioation, toxic plants (locoweed - Astragalus)

Question 12

(12)

(testicular degneration)

1. hormonal factors - like what 2?
2. Sperm stasis - occulsinve problem in what?
3. Gradual testicaular degeneration assocaiated with what?

Answer 12

1. pitutiary tumor and estrogen in feed
2. epididymis or ductus deferens
3. diabetes

Question 13

(13)

(Testicular Degeneration)

Question 14

(14)

Question 15

(Orchitis - Inflammation of Testicle)

1. most caused by what?
2. hematogenous origin; examples…

bulls?

boars?

stallions?

dogs?

Answer 15

1. bacterial infection
2. brucella abortus

brucella suis, A. pyogenes

streptococcus equi

E. coli

Question 16

(16)

(Testicular Neoplasms)

1. common in what?
2. 3 types?
3. What % of testicular neoplasia cases have multiple types?

Answer 16

1. older dogs (uncommon in others)
2. interstitial cell tumor, sertoli cell tumor, seminoma - spermatic germinal epithelium
3. 25%

Question 17

(17)

(Interstitial cell tumor - interstitial cell adenoma)

1. most common testicular tumor of what aniamls?
2. what age dogs?
3. androgens are produce by normal interstitial cells - by tumor cells?
4. look at pic

Answer 17

1. dog and bull (Guernsey breed)
2. old
3. not usually

Question 18

(18)

(Interstitial Cell Tumor (Leydig))

(Gross - interstitial cell tumor)

1. increase in size of testicle?
2. well demarcated?
3. what color?
4. larger ones due to what?
5. often are incidental

Answer 18

1 usually not

2. yes
3. yellow-orange (lipochrome pigment)
4. hemorrhagic necrosis (blood-filled cyst in center)

Question 19

(19)

(Sertoli Cell Tumor)

1. tumor of what?
2. general
3. how common compared to other testicular tumors?
4. rare in all species but what?
5. often in what kind of testicle?
6. Grow to large size in descended testicle with noticeable enlargement grossly

Answer 19

1. sustentacular or supporting cells of seminiferous tubule
2. less
3. dog (old esp)
4. cryptorchid

Question 20

(20)

(Sertoli Cell Tumor)

(Functional)

1. produces what?
2. caues what?
3. Symmetrical alopecia, dry skin, pilosebaceous atrophy
4. Hyperpigmentation seen in about 50%

Answer 20

1. estrogen
2. feminization of male (attracts other male dogs, reduced libido)

Question 21

(21)

(Sertoli Cell tumor)

1. atrophy of what testicle?
2. Pendulous, flabby prepuce
3. Mammary development - gynecomastia
4. Hyperplasia or squamous metaplasia of what?
5. Feminization of the cryptorchid male dog is a sign of what?

Answer 21

1. contralateral
2. prostate gland
3. sertoli cell tumor

Question 22

(Sertoli cell tumor)

(22)

1. Estrogen may cause bone marrow depression leading to what?
2. Following surgical removal of tumor, what occurs?

Answer 22

1. thrombocytopenia, anemia and depressed white blood cell count
2. feminization regresses

Question 23

(23)

(Seminoma)

(general)

1. second most common testicular tumor of what?
2. esp what?
3. origin?
4. functional?
5. benign or malignant in dogs?

Answer 23

1. dog
2. old, cryptorchid
3. spermatogonia
4. no
5. usually benign (highly malignant in man (young people in 20 year age bracket - meta to nodes and lungs)

Question 24

(24)

(Seminoma)

1. Starts intratubular and then does what?
2. causes what?
3. looks how on cut section?

Answer 24

1. breaks into surrounding stroma
2. swelling, necrosis and pain
3. gray-white

Question 25

(25) (Teratoma) 1. most common testicular tumor of twhat? 2. found most often in what of young horse? 3. Usually less than 10 cm diameter, can be up to 25 cm 4. cystic tumors - involve what germ layers?

Answer 25

1. the horse 2. cryptorchid testis of young horse 4. all 3 (ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm)

Question 26

Answer 26

E

Question 27

Answer 27

D