Review LECT Cells and Tissue

Question 1

Describe Tight junctions

Answer 1

Polar, content occludin

Question 2

Describe Adheren

Answer 2

Transmembrane cadherin links via catenin to microfilaments actin- cytoplasm

Question 3

Describe Gap junctions

Answer 3

Content connexin

Question 4

Describe Desmosome

Answer 4

Cadherin links to Keratin (intermediate filament)

Question 5

Hemidesmosomes

Answer 5

Integrin bind to Laminin in the BM and Keratin intermediate filament in cytoplasm

Question 6

What is the Basement Membrane comprised of

Answer 6

Two parts: Basal Lamina and the Reticular lamina

Question 7

describe the basal Lamina

Answer 7

Secreted by the epithelial cells. Contains collagen, Laminin

Question 8

Describe reticular Lamina

Answer 8

Produced by fibroblasts contains proteins like fibronectin and collagen

Question 9

Where is the BM found

Answer 9

between the epithelium and CT

Question 10

Stratified Columnar Epithelium function and apparearance

Answer 10

Even layering of columnar cells

Protection and secretion

Question 11

n

Answer 11

n

Question 12

Stratified Cuboidal Epithlium function

Answer 12

Protection secretion and absorption

Question 13

Stratified Cuboidal Epithlium location

Answer 13

Ducts of sweat glands, Part of the male urethra

Question 14

Transitional Epithelium appearance

Answer 14

Looks like Stratified cuboidal epithelium when relaxed the outer layer large and rounded scallop shaped.
- stretched outer layer becomes flat and squamous like

Question 15

Transitional Epithelium location

Answer 15

bladder

Question 16

Simple Squamous is located where

Answer 16

Endothelium

Lung alveoli, lumen of blood, kidney

Question 17

Does Stratified epithelia have cilia

Answer 17

No it does not

Question 18

Describe the appearance of Pseudostratified Columnar epithelium

Answer 18

Goblet cells and taller cells present
Pseudostratisfied as it has no even layer of cells but are all connected to BM

either ciliated or non ciliated

Question 19

Pseudostratified Columnar epithelium ciliated

location

Answer 19

Trachea

upper respiratory tract

Question 20

Example and function of Pseudostratified Columnar epithelium ciliated

Answer 20

Upper respiratory tract

secrete mucus and move it

Question 21

Example and function of Pseudostratified Columnar epithelium non- ciliated

Answer 21

Larger ducts of glands, epididymis, part of male urethra

Absorption and protection

Question 22

Describe the Glomerulus Structure

Answer 22

HAs a outer layer of Simple Squamous cells and inner area of Bowman capsule

Question 23

Simple Cuboidal EPI

Answer 23

Pancreas ducts

Question 24

Simple columnar Non ciliated

Answer 24

Gastrointestinal tract from stomach to anus

Question 25

Simple columnar ciliated

Answer 25

Parts of upper respiratory tract

Question 26

Stratified Squamous Keratinised

Answer 26

SKIn

Question 27

Stratified Squamous non- Keratinised

Answer 27

mouth tongue and oesophagus anus and Vagina

Question 28

Describe Glandular Epithelia

Answer 28

Single cells that secrete substances into ducts, surfaces or in blood

Question 29

Endocrine gland

Answer 29

Secretes directly into blood via interstitial fluid | eg: pituitary, Thyroid

Question 30

Exocrine gland

Answer 30

Secretes into ducts that empty onto the surface of a covering or lining epithelium. eg sweat and salivary glands

Question 31

What is the ECM composed of

Answer 31

Ground substance and Protein fibres

Question 32

Where are the Protein fibres of the ECM and what does the ECM dictate

Answer 32

secreted by the cells in the ECM and structure of the ECM structure dictates the CT qualitites -

Question 33

What is CT made of

Answer 33

ECM and cells

Question 34

WHat is ground substance made of

Answer 34

water, protiens, polyssacarides (sugar)

Question 35

polyssacarides (sugar) example and what do they form when joined with core proteins

Answer 35

Glycosaminoglycans. | GAGS join with core proteins to form proteoglycans

Question 36

Whats are the three major fibres found in ECM

Answer 36

Collagen Reticular Elastic

Question 37

Describe collagen fibres in the ECM

Answer 37

Thick

Question 38

Describe Reticular fibres in the ECM

Answer 38

Thinner mainly composed of collagen spreads through tissue

Question 39

Describe Elastic fibres in the ECM

Answer 39

Thin consist of elatic surrounded by fibrillin

Question 40

3 types of Mature connective tissue

Answer 40

connective tissue proper- adipose Fluid CT- blood Supporting CT- Cartilage and bone

Question 41

DEscribe Erythrocytes

Answer 41

Transport O2 and CO2

Question 42

Describe Leukocytes

Answer 42

combat disease

Question 43

Describe Neutrophils and monocytes

Answer 43

phagocytic engulf bacteria

Question 44

Basophils and Mast cells function

Answer 44

intensify the inflammatory reaction

Question 45

Eosinophils work against?

Answer 45

Parasite worms and acute allergic response

Question 46

Lymphocytes are involved in

Answer 46

Immune response

Question 47

Describe the structure of muscle

Answer 47

``` Epimysium _around muscle Perumysium- around fascicles Endomysium- around mucle cell Sarcolemma -PM Sarcoplasm- cell cytoplasm ```

Question 48

what causes striation within the myofibril

Answer 48

thick and thin filaments

Question 49

describe smooth muscle

Answer 49

non straited- no sarcomeres thin filaments "dense bodies' Intermediate filaments (non contract element also connect to dense bodies

Question 50

describe smooth muscle contraction

Answer 50

intermediate dont contract. cells twists

Question 51

What do Astrocytes maintain

Answer 51

Blood brain barrier

Question 52

Describe Oligodendrocytes

Answer 52

From myelin sheath around CNS axons | Myelination means action potential is faster

Question 53

Microglia

Answer 53

Function are phagocytic resident macrophage

Question 54

Ependymal cell

Answer 54

Produce CSF line the ventricles in the brains and central canal they have cilia and microvilli

Question 55

Peripheral Nervous System Neuroglia features

Answer 55

Schwann cells- myelin and non myelinated axons | Satelite cells- surround the cell bodies. Support fluid exchange