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SAS#17 Flashcards

1
Q

Effect different areas of blood pressure control so in most cases, these agents are combined for synergistic effect

A

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS

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2
Q

Blank cases of hypertension have no known case

A
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3
Q

What is the main action of antihypertensive

A

TO ALTER THE BODY’S REGULATING MECHANISMS (baroreceptors, raas etc)

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4
Q

Responsible for maintaining normal blood pressure

A

BODY’s REGULATING MECHANISMS
Baroreceptors
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

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5
Q

Different people have different responses towards hypertensive agents because hypertension is

A

MULTIFACTORIAL

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6
Q

Elevated blood pressure
is a serious medical condition that significantly increases the risk of heart brain kidney and other diseases

A

HYPERTENSION

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7
Q

There is elevated total peripheral resistance. Also the organs are perfused effectively and people with_usually exhibit no symptoms. It is also the reason why hypertension is tagged as the silent killer

A

ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION

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8
Q

Is characterized by elevated blood pressure due to a known cause

A

SECONDARY HYPERTENSION

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9
Q

A tumor in the adrenal medulla called ___can caused the organ to release a high amount of catecholamines which greatly increase blood pressure

A

PHAEOCHROMOCYTOMA

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10
Q

Categories of hypertension
Normal
Elevated
Stage 1 hypertension
Stage 2 hypertension

A

<120/<80

120-129mmHg/<80mmhg

130-39/80-89

> Or equal to 140/< than or equal to 90mmHg

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11
Q

> 180/>120

A

HYPERTENSIVE CRISIS

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12
Q

Systole is
Diastole is

A

CONTRACTION
RESTING

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13
Q

Are antihypertensive agents that act in the lungs to prevent the conversion of angiotensin 1 into angiotensin ll, which is a potent vasoconstrictor

A

ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE)

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14
Q

By preventing the production of angiotensin ll, which is a potent vasoconstrictor and a stimulator of aldosterone release, blood pressure is decreased with resultant loss of serum sodium and fluid but with a slight increase in serum potassium

A

ACE INHIBITORS

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15
Q

Angiotensin ll is a

A

POTENT VASOCONSTRICTOR

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16
Q

ACE , aside from its indication in treating hypertension it is also combined with ____ in the treatment of

A

DIURETICS AND DIGOXIN

HEART FAILURE AND LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION

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17
Q

Ace inhibitors is also approved for treatment of ____ in which the renal artery is being damaged by diabetes

A

DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

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18
Q

Contraindications and cautions in ace that is can be exacerbated by the therapeutic effects of the drug

A

HYPONATREMIA AND HYPOVOLEMIA

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19
Q

Can cause potential adverse effect to the fetus and can decrease milk production

A

ACE INHIBITORS

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20
Q

Pregnant women are advised to use barrier type of contraceptives while taking this drug

A

ACE INHIBITORS

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21
Q

Is associated with sometimes fatal pancytopenia, cough and gi distress

A

CAPTOPRIL

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22
Q

In ace inhibitors it increased risk for hypersensitivity

A

ALLOPURINOL

23
Q

In ace inhibitors it increase risk for decrease antihypertensive effects

24
Q

Administered drug on empty stomach 1 hour before or two hours after meal to ensure optimum drug absorption

A

ACE INHIBITORS

25
are antihypertensive agents that exert their action by blocking vasoconstriction and release of aldosterone through selective blocking of angiotensin ll receptors in vascular smooth muscles and adrenal cortex
ANGIOTENSIN ll RECEPTOR BLOCKERS
26
The main action is to block the blood pressure raising effect of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
RAAS
27
Utilize in treatment of heart failure for patients who do not respond to ace inhibitors
ARBs
28
These drugs are able to slow down the progress of renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension
ARBs
29
Can be exacerbated by the drugs action on blocking important life saving compensatory mechanism (Arbs)
HYPOVOLEMIA
30
Can cause potential adverse effects to the fetus and potential termination of pregnancy between 2nd and 3rd trimester
ARBs
31
Loss of effectiveness of ARBs
PHENOBARBITAL INDOMETHACIN RIFAMYCIN
32
Decreased antihypertensive effects of ARBs
KETOCONAZOLE FLUCONAZOLE DILTIAZEM
33
Administer drug with food to prevent gi distress associated with drug intake
ARBs
34
As antihypertensive agents decrease blood pressure, cardiac workload, and myocardial consumption of oxygen
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
35
Since Calcium channel blockers are drugs can significantly decreased cardiac workload, they are effective in treatment of
ANGINA
36
Drug group that is first considered in cases of hypertension and this age (children) group that needs drug therapy
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
37
Can be exacerbated by conduction slowing effect of the drug (ccb)
HEART BLOCK (SICK SINUS SYNDROME)
38
can cause potential adverse effects to the fetus and should not be used unless the benefit to the mother clearly outweigh the risk to the fetus
CCB
39
Increased serum level and toxicity of cyclosporine if taken w/ (Ccb)
DILTIAZEM
40
Can increase serum level and toxicity of calcium channel blockers
GRAPEFRUIT JUICE
41
Are use when the previous drugs mentioned are not effective
DIRECT VASODILATORS
42
This antihypertensive agents are reserved for severe hypertension and hypertensive emergencies
VASODILATORS
43
This antihypertensive agents exert their effects by acting directly on smooth muscles.
VASODILATORS
44
Is used in maintaining controlled hypotension during surgery
NITROPRUSSIDE
45
Nitroprusside is administered
INTRAVENOUSLY
46
Hydralazine is available for
ORAL INTRAVENOUS INTRAMUSCULAR
47
MINOXIDIL is available for
Oral use only
48
Can be exacerbated by drugs action to cause sudden drop in blood pressure
CEREBRAL INSUFFICIENCY
49
These conditions can be exacerbated by sudden drop in blood pressure
PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE C A D HEART FAILURE TACHYCARDIA
50
The drug can enter the breast milk and can cause potential adverse effects to the neonate
VASODILATORS
51
Characterized by dyspnea, ataxia, loss of consciousness, distant heart sounds and dilated pupil
CYANIDE TOXICITY
52
Nitroprusside suppresses iodine uptake which leads to development of
HYPOTHYROIDISM
53
each drug and this group act differently on the body so each drug should be check for potential drug to drug and drug to food interactions
VASODILATORS

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