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PHARMA > SAS#18 > Flashcards

SAS#18 Flashcards

1
Q

Are particularly useful for patients with heart failure, where in the heart is not able to effectively pump the blood to wards different body organs

A

CARDIOTONIC-INOTROPIC DRUGS

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2
Q

Are drugs used to increase the conductivity of the heart.

A

CARDIOTONIC AGENTS

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3
Q

Is a syndrome characterized by dysfunction of cardiac muscles

A

HEART FAILURE

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4
Q

Which leads to insufficient blood supply for the mio cardium and is also the most common cause of heart failure

A

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

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5
Q

Which leads to enlargement of the heart and myocardial fatigue

A

CARDIOMYOPATHY

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6
Q

Which can cause reflux and overloading of blood to the ventricles which consequently over stretches the myocardium

A

VALVULAR HEART DISEASES

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7
Q

Primarily reflects pulmonary manifestations because the left ventricle cannot push blood towards peripheral systems

A

LEFT-SIDED HF

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8
Q

Occurs when the right side of the heart has the need to exert more force in order to push blood towards the pulmonary circulation

A

Right sided heart failure

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9
Q

This side is usually a low pressure system, so when this happens the pressure in this side rises and venous return can’t enter

A

RIGHT-SIDED HF

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10
Q

Allows more calcium to enter during contraction, therefore increasing the force of contraction

A

CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES

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11
Q

This drug is to decrease the workload of the heart and slow down a relaxation of the cells

A

CARDIAC GLYCOSIDES

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12
Q

Increasing the force of contraction

A

POSITIVE INOTROPIC EFFECT

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13
Q

Without increasing the rate of contraction

A

NEGATIVE CHRONOTROPIC EFFECT

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14
Q

Cardiac glycosides are cardiotonic agents from

A

FOXGLOVE OR DIGITALIS PLANTS

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15
Q

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, malaise, depression and irregular heart rhythms (heart block, heart arrhythmias, and ventricular tachycardia) signs and symptoms of

A

DIGITALIS TOXICITY

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16
Q

Cardiac glycosides antidote

A

DIGOXIN IMMUNE FAB/DIGI FAB

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17
Q

Increased risk of digoxin toxicity

A

GINSENG
HAWTHORN
LICORICE

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18
Q

Decrease therapeutic effect of the digoxin

A

ST. JOHN’S WORT
PSYLLIUM

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19
Q

Under cardiac glycosides
Do not administer drug with _ and _ to prevent decrease in drug absorption

A

WITH FOOD AND ANTACIDS

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20
Q

Early signs of drug toxicity (cardiac glycoside)

A

ARRHYTHMIAS

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21
Q

Normal level of digoxin

A

0.5-2 Ng/ml

22
Q

Aid in increasing force of myocardial contractility through their enzyme blocking effect

A

PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITORS

23
Q

Only indicated for short-term treatment of patients not responding to cardiac glycosides vasodilators and diuretics

A

PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITORS

24
Q

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors are drug use is limited only to severe situation because it is associated with

A

FATAL VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS

25
Q

Protect drug from light to prevent drug from degradation

A

PHOSPHODIESTERASE INHIBITORS

26
Q

Phosphodiesterase inhibitors in solution together with _____ precipitate formation

A

FUROSEMIDE

27
Q

Are you use primarily to restore the balance between the oxygen supply and demand of the heart

A

ANTIANGINAL DRUGS

28
Q

These drugs dilate the coronary vessels to increase the flow of oxygen to the ischemic regions. Other than that, they also decreased the workload of the heart so the organ would have less demand for oxygen

A

ANTIANGINAL DRUGS

29
Q

Is the narrowing of blood vessels supplying oxygen and nutrients to the heart

A

CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

30
Q

Primarily due to the development of fatty tumors (atheromas) in the lumen of blood vessels in a process called

A

ATHEROSCLEROSIS

31
Q

As a consequence of hypoxia___is felt

A

PAIN (ANGINA)

32
Q

Which occurs due to the diminish coronary blood flow to the heart

A

CLASSIC ANGINA

33
Q

Which is caused by reversible vasospasm even at rest

A

PRINZMETAL’S ANGINA

34
Q

Unstable or
Possible there’s a problem in heart

A

PRE INFARCTION ANGINA

35
Q

Stable angina or
Rest

A

EXERTIONAL ANGINA

36
Q

Are antianginal agents that provides fast action to directly relax smooth muscles and depressed muscle tone without affecting nerve activity

A

NITRATES

37
Q

The main effect is drop in systemic blood pressure

A

NITRATES

38
Q

Is most effective for recurrent variant angina

A

SUBLINGUAL NITROGLYCERIN

39
Q

Transdermal patch for unstable angina

A

CONTINUOUS INFUSION

40
Q

Decrease therapeutic effect of nitrates

A

HEPARIN

41
Q

Risk for hypertension, decrease antianginal effect

A

ERGOT DERIVATIVES

42
Q

In children, maybe use only for congenital heart defects and cardiac surgery because they can cause potentially dangerous changes in blood pressure

A

NITRATE

43
Q

For sustained release forms, take drug with water and do not crush for these preparations need to reach git intact

A

NITRATES

44
Q

Are drugs which block or lyse the effects of sympathetic stimulation

A

BETA ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS

45
Q

Beta adrenergic blockers are also called

A

SYMPATHOLYTICS

46
Q

Is used for management of chronic angina. It is the drug of choice in angina patients with hypertension

A

NADOLOL

47
Q

Is the prototype drug of this class. It is used for treatment of angina and syncope

A

PROPRANOLOL

48
Q

The newest adrenergic blocking agent does not produce the same adverse effect seen in all propranolol

A

NEBIVOLOL

49
Q

Not indicated for variant angina because therapeutic effect of drugs can cause vasospasm

A

BETA ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS

50
Q

They basically produce vasodilation and relief of spasm
They do not increase lipid levels

A

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

51
Q

Treatment of variant angina, chronic angina and effort associated angina

A

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS

52
Q

Increases level of digoxin

A

VERAPAMIL

PHARMA (12 decks)

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