SAT Practice 8 Flashcards
(25 cards)
secretive
bí mật
commercialization
thương mại hóa
confine
giới hạn
repress
sự đàn áp , kìn nén
In a research paper, a student criticizes some historians of modern African politics, claiming that they have evaluated Patrice Lumumba, the first prime minister of what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo, primarily as a symbol rather than in terms of his actions.
Question 11 Answers
Prompt for question11
Which quotation from a work by a historian would best illustrate the student’s claim?
A.
“Lumumba is a difficult figure to evaluate due to the starkly conflicting opinions he inspired during his life and continues to inspire today.”
B.
“The available information makes it clear that Lumumba’s political beliefs and values were largely consistent throughout his career.”
C.
“Lumumba’s practical accomplishments can be passed over quickly; it is mainly as the personification of Congolese independence that he warrants scholarly attention.”
D.
“Many questions remain about Lumumba’s ultimate vision for an independent Congo; without new evidence coming to light, these questions are likely to remain unanswered.”
C
personification of Congolese independence is the symbol
Researchers hypothesized that a decline in the population of dusky sharks near the mid-Atlantic coast of North America led to a decline in the population of eastern oysters in the region. Dusky sharks do not typically consume eastern oysters but do consume cownose rays, which are the main predators of the oysters.
Question 12 Answers
Prompt for question12
Which finding, if true, would most directly support the researchers’ hypothesis?
A.
Declines in the regional abundance of dusky sharks’ prey other than cownose rays are associated with regional declines in dusky shark abundance.
B.
Eastern oyster abundance tends to be greater in areas with both dusky sharks and cownose rays than in areas with only dusky sharks.
C.
Consumption of eastern oysters by cownose rays in the region substantially increased before the regional decline in dusky shark abundance began.
D.
Cownose rays have increased in regional abundance as dusky sharks have decreased in regional abundance.
D
- Hypothesis : decline in the population of dusky sharks near the mid-Atlantic coast of North America led to a decline in the population of eastern oysters in the region
As the text say that dusky shark eat rays , rays eat oysters
Logically , if dusky shark population reduce , rays would thrive and therefore oyster reduce
=> D
B is a wrong ans because it contradicts the fact
Formed in 1967 to foster political and economic stability within the Asia-Pacific region, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations was originally made up of five members: Thailand, the Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, and Indonesia. By the end of the 1990s, the organization ______blank its initial membership.
Question 16 Answers
Prompt for question16
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
A.
has doubled
B.
had doubled
C.
doubles
D.
will double
B
the past IS the past
Although those who migrated to California in 1849 dreamed of finding gold nuggets in streambeds, the state’s richest deposits were buried deeply in rock, beyond the reach of individual prospectors. ______blank by 1852, many had given up their fortune-hunting dreams and gone to work for one of the large companies capable of managing California’s complex mining operations.
Question 22 Answers
Prompt for question22
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A.
Furthermore,
B.
Still,
C.
Consequently,
D.
Next,
C
D is focus on time , not the result
obscure
che khuất , không rõ ràng
In the Indigenous intercropping system known as the Three Sisters, maize, squash, and beans form an ______blank web of relations: maize provides the structure on which the bean vines grow; the squash vines cover the soil, discouraging competition from weeds; and the beans aid their two “sisters” by enriching the soil with essential nitrogen.
Question 1 Answers
Prompt for question1
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
A.
indecipherable
B.
ornamental
C.
obscure
D.
intricate
D
inexplicable
không thể giải thích được
mystifying
làm cho mơ hồ
In the Indigenous intercropping system known as the Three Sisters, maize, squash, and beans form an ______blank web of relations: maize provides the structure on which the bean vines grow; the squash vines cover the soil, discouraging competition from weeds; and the beans aid their two “sisters” by enriching the soil with essential nitrogen.
Question 1 Answers
Prompt for question1
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
A.
indecipherable
B.
ornamental
C.
obscure
D.
intricate
nuanced
tinh tế , sắc thái
The following text is adapted from Lewis Carroll’s 1889 satirical novel Sylvie and Bruno. A crowd has gathered outside a room belonging to the Warden, an official who reports to the Lord Chancellor.
One man, who was more excited than the rest, flung his hat high into the air, and shouted (as well as I could make out) “Who roar for the Sub-Warden?” Everybody roared, but whether it was for the Sub-Warden, or not, did not clearly appear: some were shouting “Bread!” and some “Taxes!”, but no one seemed to know what it was they really wanted.
All this I saw from the open window of the Warden’s breakfast-saloon, looking across the shoulder of the Lord Chancellor.
“What can it all mean?” he kept repeating to himself. “I never heard such shouting before—and at this time of the morning, too! And with such unanimity!”
Question 7 Answers
Prompt for question7
Based on the text, how does the Lord Chancellor respond to the crowd?
A.
He asks about the meaning of the crowd’s shouting, even though he claims to know what the crowd wants.
B.
He indicates a desire to speak to the crowd, even though the crowd has asked to speak to the Sub-Warden.
C.
He expresses sympathy for the crowd’s demands, even though the crowd’s shouting annoys him.
D.
He describes the crowd as being united, even though the crowd clearly appears otherwise.
C cannot prove the part “annoy” , also “sympathy”
D is ans
unanimaty
sự nhất trí , uniform
In the twentieth century, ethnographers made a concerted effort to collect Mexican American folklore, but they did not always agree about that folklore’s origins. Scholars such as Aurelio Espinosa claimed that Mexican American folklore derived largely from the folklore of Spain, which ruled Mexico and what is now the southwestern United States from the sixteenth to early nineteenth centuries. Scholars such as Américo Paredes, by contrast, argued that while some Spanish influence is undeniable, Mexican American folklore is mainly the product of the ongoing interactions of various cultures in Mexico and the United States.
Question 11 Answers
Prompt for question11
Which finding, if true, would most directly support Paredes’s argument?
A.
The folklore that the ethnographers collected included several songs written in the form of a décima, a type of poem originating in late sixteenth-century Spain.
B.
Much of the folklore that the ethnographers collected had similar elements from region to region.
C.
Most of the folklore that the ethnographers collected was previously unknown to scholars.
D.
Most of the folklore that the ethnographers collected consisted of corridos—ballads about history and social life—of a clearly recent origin
D
Paredes argues that Mexican American folklore is mainly the product of ongoing cultural interactions in Mexico and the U.S., not just a continuation of old Spanish traditions.
So, evidence that supports his argument would show that:
The folklore isn’t simply inherited from Spain,
It’s evolving,
And it reflects recent, local cultural developments.
concerted
đã đồng ý , đã đồng bộ
depreciate
mất giá , giảm giá trị
Some economists have attributed the increasing adoption of automation technology by firms in the United States in part to the productivity gains firms can achieve by automating tasks previously requiring paid labor. Daron Acemoglu et al. recently complicated this account by showing not only that automation’s productivity gains are often unremarkable, but that there is a disparity in the US tax code between automation technology and the labor it is nominally equivalent to: the tax code classifies automation-related technology as a depreciating asset, meaning that capital expenditures on that technology can reduce a firm’s tax burden relative to its tax burden if equivalent expenditures were labor costs. Together, these findings suggest that ______blank
Question 13 Answers
Prompt for question13
Which choice most logically completes the text?
A.
the explanation that some economists have offered for US firms’ increasing adoption of automation technology may be based on an overestimation of the tax benefits and productivity gains associated with that technology.
B.
US firms’ increasing adoption of automation technology may be driven more by the fact that the government indirectly incentivizes firms to adopt that technology than by the ongoing benefits that the technology has for firms’ outputs.
C.
changes to the US tax code that result in capital expenditures on automation technology being treated the same as expenditures on labor costs would likely have little effect on firms’ productivity but may encourage further adoption of that technology.
D.
US firms have actually tended to experience a decrease in productivity as a result of adopting automation technology, but that decrease is overlooked due to the tax advantages associated with the technology.
B
incentivize
khuyến khích
impede
cản trở
The morphological novelty of echinoderms—marine invertebrates with radial symmetry, usually starlike, around a central point—impedes comparisons with most other animals, in which bilateral symmetry on an anterior-posterior (head to tail) axis through a trunk is typical. Particularly puzzling are sea stars, thought to have evolved a headless layout from a known bilateral origin. Applying genomic knowledge of Saccoglossus kowalevskii acorn worms (close relatives of sea stars, and thus expected to have similar markers for corresponding anatomical regions) to the body patterning genes of Patiria miniata sea stars, Laurent Formery et al. observed activity only in anterior genes across P. miniata’s entire body and some posterior genes limited to the edges, suggesting that ______blank
Question 14 Answers
Prompt for question14
Which choice most logically completes the text?
A.
despite the greater prevalence of anterior genes in sea stars’ genetic makeup, posterior genes active at the body’s perimeter are primarily responsible for the starlike layout that distinguishes sea stars’ radial symmetry from that of other echinoderms.
B.
contrary to the belief that they evolved from early ancestors with the bilateral form typical of many other animals, sea stars instead originated with an atypical body layout that was neither bilaterally nor radially symmetrical.
C.
although the two species are closely related, there is only minimal correspondence in the genetic markers for head, tail, and trunk region development in P. miniata sea stars and S. kowalevskii acorn worms.
D.
rather than undergoing changes resulting in the eventual elimination of a head region in their radial body plan, as previously assumed, sea stars’ morphology evolved to completely lack a trunk and consist primarily of a head region
D
Upon first approaching artist Kurt Wenner’s Dies Irae, a colorful scene painted on the surface of a cobblestone street in Mantua, Italy, one might assume a deep hole filled with life-sized, classically styled sculptures had opened up in the street. ______blank by expertly applying the principles of perspective, Wenner created merely the illusion of depth.
Question 22 Answers
Prompt for question22
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A.
Additionally,
B.
On the contrary,
C.
As a result,
D.
Next,
B
