Self-efficacy & Confidence Flashcards
(17 cards)
What is self-efficacy?
The amount of confidence a performer has in a particular sporting situation
What is self confidence?
General feeling of confidence towards an activity or challenge
What are the characteristics of high self efficacy?
- high self confidence
- increased concentration
- remain calm under pressure
- set realistic goals
- increased effort
- approach behaviour
- seek challenges
What are the characteristics of low self efficacy?
- avoidance behaviour
- attribute failure internally
- experience greateranxiety
- set goals that are too easy or too difficult
What are the risks of over confidence?
- lack of effort
- lack of focus and concentration
- excessive risk taking
What is Bandura’s self-efficacy theory?
- suggests that there are 4 factors that can influence the level of self efficacy shown by a performer
- by addressing these factors coaches can raise performers self esteem
- results in more positive successful performances and increased task presistance
What are the 4 factors in Bandura’s self-efficacy model?
- performance accomplishments
- vicarious experiences
- verbal persuasion
- emotional arousal
What is performance accomplisment from Bandura’s self-efficacy theory and how can a coach use it to increase self-efficacy?
- self efficacy is affected by past experiences
- coach should reinforce past successes in the related skill situation
- allow successes
- set attainable goals
- avoid social comparison
- Eg/ in high jump performer cleared 1.50m in training so they can do it in competition
What are vicarious experiences from Bandura’s self-efficacy theory?
- watching others complete the task successfully increases self efficacy
- effective if model is preceived to be of similar ability or similar characteristics
- requires accurate demonstrations
- Eg, coach asks gymnast of similar ability to perform a vault to raise confidence of fellow gymnast
What is verbal persuasion from Bandura’s self-efficacy theory?
- convincing an athlete that they can succeed
- praise and reinforcement to increase self efficacy
- provides incentive and confidence to repeat successful attempt
- needs to be from SO to be effective
- attribute any success achieved to the athlete
- Eg/ persuasin from coach that a performer should be the one to take a penalty in football
What is emotional arousal from Bandura’s self-efficacy theory?
- preception on the effects of anxiety on performance
- how performer preveives the increased arousal before and during the skill
- coach shows performer how to control their arousal
- stress management techniques
- mental rehearsal
- Eg/ use of mental reharsal before a difficult dive
What is Vealey’s model?
Suggests performers who have high sports confidence in one sporting situation will feel more confident in their ability to succeed in others
What are the components of Vealey’s model and explain them?
- trait sports confidence natural, innate confidence levels across all sporting situations
- competitiveness how driven the performer is and what goals have been set to judge performance
- state sports confidence level of confidence in specific sporting situation, a result of trait, competitiveness and objective sporting situation
- objective sporting situation type of skill being performed
- performance
- outcome subjective to evaluation of interpreting success, its causes and performance satisfaction
- good/bad outcome (competitiveness) outcomes influence nature of future goals
- good bad outcomes (confidence) outcomes influence future trait sports confidence
What is home field advantage and how does it affect the home team?
- suggests performer perform better when playing at home
- because they have many supporters present and are familiar with the venue
- keeps arousal low
- the larger and more positive the crowd is, the greater the effect on the performers confidence
- increased fluency of performance due to familiarity
- home team have more drive, more assertive and chose correct responses
What are the factors that affect home field advantage?
- size of the crowd
- proximity of the crowd
- how supportive the crow is
- how hostile the crowd is
What are the negative effects of home field advantage?
- can reduce confidence
- increases anxiety due to hostile chants
- causes away team to choke as a result of increased pressure on the game
- catastrophe effect
- can cause social inhibition
- more expectations to win
- if the home team lose the home crowd could become hostile
What are the strategies to develop high levels of self-efficacy?
- point out when performer succeeded previously
- ask a peer to demonstrate a skill to show they can do it too
- give praise and positive reinforcement
- usecognitive and somatic strategies to control arousal and anxiety
- allow success in tarining, gradually increasing difficulty of task
- set achievable process and performance goals
- attribute success internally
