Senses Flashcards

1
Q

what is the name of the three layers of the eye?

A
  • Cornea/ sclera= outer layer
  • Uveal tract= middle
  • Retina= inner
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2
Q

What are the main funtions of the eye?

A
  • conversion of light to a nerve impulse
  • transmission of light to the nerves at the back of the eye
  • direction and focus of gaze
  • protects delocate strucutres
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3
Q

What 6 compoenents does vision require?

A
  • healthy visual pathway
  • transparency
  • refractive power
  • direction of gaze
  • metabolic funtion
  • brain capable of perciving image
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4
Q

What are the chararistics of the cornea?

A
  • covers the anterior one fifth of the eyeball
  • dome shaped oval with 5 layers which are transparent
  • the main funtion is protection and refraction of light
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5
Q

What are the main funtions of the Pupil?

A
  • regualte the amount of light entering the posterior segement of the eye to avoid bleaching retinal pigments
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6
Q

Which 2 nerves are invloved within pupillary responce?

A
  • the optic( cranial nerve II) and occulomotor(cranial nerve III) and they both react in unison
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7
Q

What is the Lens and what is its funtion?

A
  • the lens is a clear, curved disc that sits behind the iris and infront of the vitreous.
  • it is the part of the eye which focuses light and colour to create a sharp image
  • a cataract= cloudy area of the lens
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8
Q

What is the diffrence between cranial nerves II and III?

A
  • Cranial nerve II(optic) helps with your ability to see wheras III (oculomotor)helps with the ability to move and blink your eyes.
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9
Q

What are some other cranial nerves and thier roles in vision?

A
  • IX( trochlear)- ability to move your eyes up and down or back and forth
  • X(trigeminial)- sensations in your face and cheecks, taste and jaw movments
  • XI(Abducens)- ability to be able to move your eyes
  • XII( facial)- facial expressions
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10
Q

What is the two main purposes of the ear?

A
  • enhanses the conduction of sound through transduction= hearing
  • maintains a sense of body propioception= balance
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11
Q

where are the Ossicles found?

A
  • they cross the middle ear cavity
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12
Q

What is the main funtion of the inner ear?

A
  • the coclea is the inner ear and it contains a fluid called perilymph.
  • ossicles tranmit sound waves from the eardrum
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13
Q

What are some of the issues that can occur with hearing?

A
  • less homeostatic efficiency leads to conduction deafness = presbycussis
  • tinnitus is due to brain activity, not due to overstimualtion of hearing apparatus
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