SKELETAL SYSTEM Flashcards
(57 cards)
Is the body’s support structure, composed of bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons, that provides shape, support, and protection for the body. It also plays a crucial role in movement, blood cell production, and mineral storage.
SKELETAL SYSTEM
Bone tissues makes up about ____ of the **total human body weight. **
18%
Bones are composed of:
BCJL
Bones
Cartilage
Joints
Ligaments
It is the branch of science that deals with the study of the skeletal system, their structure and functions.
Osteology
FUNCTION OF SKELETAL SYSTEM
-
Support
Hard framework that supports and anchors the soft organs of the body. -
Protection
Surrounds organs such as the brain and spinal cord. -
Movement
Allows for muscle attachment therefore the bones are used as levers. -
Storage
Minerals and lipids are stored within bone material. -
Blood cell formation
The bone marrow is responsible for blood cell production.
The human skeleton consists of ____ named bones
206
Skull bones, auditory ossicles (ear bones), hyoid bone, ribs, sternum (breastbone), and bones of the vertebral column
Axial skeleton
Consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs (extremities), plus the bones forming the girdles that connect the limbs to the axial skeleton
Appendicular skeleton
Greater length than width and are slightly curved for strength ( e.g. Femur, tibia, fibula)
LONG BONES
Classification of Bone Based on Shape
- Long
- Short
- Flat
- Irregular
- Sesamoid
Cube-shaped and are nearly equal in length and width ( e.g. Carpal, tarsal)
SHORT BONES
Thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact bone tissue enclosing a layer of spongy bone tissue
( e.g. Cranial, sternum, ribs, scapulae)
FLAT BONES
Axial Skeleton
is situated on the upper end of vertebral column and its bony structure is divided into 2 parts:
1.The cranium
2.The face
SKULL
Complex shapes and cannot be grouped into any of the previous categories
( e.g. Hip bones, some facial bones, calcaneus)
IRREGULAR BONES
Protect tendons from excessive wear and tear
( e.g. Patellae, foot, hand)
SESAMOID BONES
It is formed by flat and irregular bones that provides a bony protection to the brain.
CRANIUM
CRANIUM BONES
It forms the forehead, It forms parts of eye sockets The coronal suture joins the frontal and parietal bones.
FRONTAL BONE
CRANIUM BONES
It form the sides and roof of the cranial cavity, it articulates with each other at the sagittal suture.
It joins the frontal bone with coronal suture and occipital bone with lambdoidal suture and the temporal bones at the squamous suture.
PARIETAL BONES
CRANIUM BONES
These bones lie one on each side of the head and form immovable joints with the parietal, occipital, sphenoid and zygomatic bones. This articulates with the mendible at the tempo-mandibular joint.
TEMPORAL BONES
CRANIUM BONES
It forms back of head and most of the base of the skull.
It has immovable joints with the parietal, temporal and sphenoid bones.
OCCIPITAL BONE
CRANIUM BONES
It occupies the middle portion of base of skull and it articulates with the occipital, temporal, parietal and frontal bones.
SPHENOID BONE
CRANIUM BONES
It occupies the anterior part of base of the skull and helps to form the orbital cavity, the nasal septum and the lateral walls of the nasal cavity.
It is very delight bone containing many air sinuses that opens into the nasal cavity.
ETHMOID BONE
Form the bridge of the nose
NASAL BONES
Form the upper jawbone
Form most of the hard palate
(Separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity)
MAXILLAE
