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MCAT Behavioural Sciences > Social Interaction > Flashcards

Social Interaction Flashcards

1
Q

Statuses

A

Positions in society used to classify individuals

  • exist in relation to other statuses
  • 3 key types
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2
Q

Ascribed status

A

One that is given involuntarily

-like race, ethnicity, gender, or family background

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3
Q

Achieved status

A

One that is gained by effort and/or by choices

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4
Q

Master status

A

Status by which a person is most often identified

  • often how people view themselves
  • has symbolic value
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5
Q

Role

A

Set of beliefs, values, attitudes, and norms that define the expectations for someone holding a certain status

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6
Q

Role performance

A

Carrying out the behaviours associated with a given role

  • can change based on the situation or context
  • some people are better at it than others
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7
Q

Role partner

A

Person with which someone is interacting (while in their role)

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8
Q

Role set

A

Various roles associated with a status

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9
Q

Role conflict

A

Difficulty of satisfying the requirements of multiple roles

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10
Q

Role strain

A

Difficulty in satisfying multiple requirements of the same role

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11
Q

Role exit

A

Dropping one role/identity for another

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12
Q

Group

A

Two or more people who share similar characteristics and a sense of unity

Share things like:
-values, ethnicity, social background, family ties, politics

Can provide protection, safety, and support
-as well as a place to belong/be accepted

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13
Q

Peer group

A

Association of self selected equals of similar ages, interests, and statuses
-opportunity for friendship

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14
Q

Family group

A

Not self selected: determined by birth, adoption and marriage
-joins people of multiples generations via emotional ties

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15
Q

In groups

A

Groups to which an individual belongs

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16
Q

Out groups

A

Groups with which an individual competes or is in opposition

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17
Q

Reference groups

A

groups that establish terms by which individuals evaluate themselves
-eg: comparing yourself to other med school applicants

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18
Q

Primary group

A

Interactions are direct

Close bonds provide warm and personal relationships

Often last long periods of time
-close friends or tight knit family

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19
Q

Secondary group

A

Interactions are superficial with few emotional bonds

Last a short period of time
-people working on a project together

20
Q

Gemeinschaft und Gesellschaft theory

A

Translates to community and society

Community: groups united by feelings of togetherness

  • shared beliefs, ancestry, or geography
  • families and neighbourhoods

Society: groups that are formed because of mutual self-interests & working towards the same goal
-companies and countries

21
Q

Dyads

A

2 membered group

-smallest group size

22
Q

Interaction process analysis

A

Technique for observing, classifying and measuring the interactions within small groups
-revised later to SYMLOG

23
Q

SYMLOG

A

System for multiple level organization of groups

Based on the belief that there are 3 dimensions to interactions

  1. Dominance vs. Submission
  2. Friendliness vs. Unfriendliness
  3. Instrumentally controlled vs. Emotionally expressive
24
Q

Group conformity

A

Individuals are compliant with the groups goals even if they oppose their own personal goals in an attempt to be accepted

25
Q

Groupthink

A

Occurs when members of a group begin to focus solely on the ideas generated within the group and ignore outside ideas

26
Q

Network

A

Observable pattern of social interactions and relationships among individuals in a group

Can be used to study the actions of individuals and groups as well as the broader social structure

27
Q

Organizations

A

Entities that are set up within cultures to achieve specific goals
-have structure and culture

28
Q

Formal organizations

A

Different from groups in many ways

  • continue even if an individual leaves
  • have expressed goals
  • have enforcement procedures to control member activity
  • have formal roles or duties
29
Q

Characteristic institution

A

Basic organization of society

-modern is bureaucracy

30
Q

Bureaucracy

A

Rational system of political organization, administrations, discipline or control
-tend to be slow to change and less efficient than other kinds of organizations

31
Q

Iron law of oligarchy

A

the democratic or bureaucratic system naturally shifts to being governed by an elite group

32
Q

McDonaldization

A

Common term to refer to the shift in focus towards efficiency, predictability, calculability, and control in societies

33
Q

Self-presentation

A

Process of displaying oneself through culturally accepted behaviours

Also called impression management

34
Q

Basic model of emotional expression

A

Established by Darwin

Says that emotional expression depends on

  • facial expression
  • behaviours
  • posture
  • vocal changes
  • physiological changes

Based on evolution he thought that it should be consistent across cultures

35
Q

Social construction model

A

Assumes that there is no biological basis for emotions

  • they are based on experiences and the situational context
  • certain emotions can only be present within social contexts
  • emotions are different across cultures
36
Q

Display rules

A

Cultural expectations of emotions

37
Q

Cultural syndrome

A

shared set of beliefs, attitudes, norms, values and behaviours among members of the same culture

  • organized around central theme
  • influences rules for expression or suppressing emotions
38
Q

Impression management

A

attempts to influence how others perceive us

-regulation of information in social situations

39
Q

Authentic self

A

Describes who the person actually is

-both positive and negative attributes

40
Q

Ideal self

A

who we would like to be under optimal circumstances

41
Q

Tactical self

A

Who we market ourselves to be

-adhere to other’s expectations

42
Q

Dramaturgical approach

A

Metaphor of theatrical performance to describe how individuals create images of themselves in various situations

43
Q

Front stage self

A

the actor (individual) is in front of the audience and performs a certain way according to the setting, role, and script

44
Q

Back stage self

A

where the individual is not being observed by an audience

-can act in ways not necessarily congruent with his desired public image

45
Q

Animal communication

A

Defined as any behaviour of one animal that affects the behaviour of another

MCAT Behavioural Sciences (12 decks)

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