Socrates/Plato

Question 1

Socrates

Answer 1

• 470 to 399BC
• founder of philosophy
• drank poison for corrupting the youth of Athens

Question 2

shadows represented

Answer 2

empiricism

imagination

Question 3

escaped prisoners rerpesented

Answer 3

philosophers

Question 4

prisoners represented

Answer 4

society

Question 5

real objects represented

Answer 5

rational knowledge

thought

Question 6

reality in the cave

Answer 6

1. shadows

2. statues/fire

Question 7

reality outside the cave

Answer 7

3. real objects

4. the sun

Question 8

anamnesis

Answer 8

you are born possessing all knowledge

Question 9

metaphysics

Answer 9

the nature of things/reality

Question 10

epistemology

Answer 10

the nature of knowledge

Question 11

puppets represented

Answer 11

belief

Question 12

sun represented

Answer 12

understanding

Question 13

realm of the forms

Answer 13

• ideals of all that exists
• real and unchanging
• immortal soul
• highest realm

Question 14

realm of the particulars

Answer 14

• all physical things
• unreal and changing
• body
• physical

Question 15

empiricism

Answer 15

knowledge through experience

Question 16

rationalism

Answer 16

knowledge though reason

Question 17

necessary truth

Answer 17

true by definition

Question 18

factual/contingent truth

Answer 18

particular to a situation and requires testing

Question 19

analytic statement

Answer 19

breaks down a term

Question 20

synthetic statment

Answer 20

adds something to a term

Question 21

tautology

Answer 21

circular statement

Question 22

“the kindling of a flame”

Answer 22

• Socrates

- knowledge is innate, so education is bringing this knowledge back

Question 23

the form of the good

Answer 23

• most important realm
• goodness is the purest and furthest thing from the physical world
• we can recognise it, but not fully experience it

Question 24

anamnesis

Answer 24

you are born possessing all knowledge

Question 25

the divided line

Answer 25

the stages that the prisoner passes through is split into the intelligible realm (outside) and the visible realm (in the cave)

Question 26

4 parts to the divided line

Answer 26

1. imagination (shadows) 2. belief (statues) 3. thought (outside objects) 4. understanding (the sun)

Question 27

John Locke

Answer 27

we were born as a blank slate or 'tabula rasa' without any knowledge

Question 28

Chomsky

Answer 28

children are born with innate knowledge of language as their knowledge goes beyond what they have learnt through listening

Question 29

the slave boy

Answer 29

- a slave boy is asked to solve a geometry problem which he does with guided help from socrates - socrates argues the boy must have gained this knowledge already, as he knew it, he just needed help recollecting it - he did not learn it in this life so it must have been innate