Soil Science 3

Question 1

Gypsum nutralises which soil condition?

salinity, acidity, alkalinity, …

Answer 1

Soil Salinity

Question 2

BD of Organic Matter and sandy soil is?

Answer 2

OM: 0.5 g/cc
Sandy: 1.6 g/cc

Question 3

Density of solid particles collectively
aka True Density

Answer 3

Particle Density
It is 2.65g/cc for normal soil

Question 4

Very fine or Very thin, Fine or thin, Medium, Coarse or thick, very coarse or very thick are used to classify?

Answer 4

Class of Soil Structure

Question 5

Ability of soil to produce a particular crop or sequence of crops under a specified mgmt system: “Crop producing capacity of soil”

Answer 5

Soil Productivity

Question 6

Ability of soil to supply essential nutrients to plants?

Answer 6

Soil Fertility

“All productive soils are fertile soils but all fertile soils are not productive soils”

Question 7

Which State has the highest problematic soil?

Answer 7

Kerala
Also the highest acidic soil 24.26%

Question 8

Which state has the highest saline soil?

Answer 8

Gujarat @ 15.59%

Question 9

Fertiliser that is manufactured in Nangal
Prevents development of acidity in soil
Aka Kisan Khaad

Answer 9

CAN
Calc Ammonium Nitrate

Question 10

Which of the following field crop can tolerate maximum acidity in soil?

Answer 10

Oats

Question 11

Which crop is least salt tolerant?

Answer 11

Bengal Gram

Question 12

Gabions are rectangular galvanised wire baskets used to control?

Answer 12

Stream Bank Erosion

Question 13

Government of India, World Bank and State government of which states signed a USD 115 million MoU in 2022 for Rejuvenating Watersheds for Agriculture Resilience through innovative development programme to improve watershed management practices and increase farmers resilience to climate change

Answer 13

Karnataka & Odisha

Question 14

What are the ways watersheds can be classified?

Answer 14

By size and by area

Question 15

A watershed of size <250 km2 is called?

Answer 15

Small

Question 16

A watershed of size 250-2500 km2 is called?

Answer 16

Medium

Question 17

A watershed of size >2500 km2 is called

Answer 17

Large

Question 18

What are the area based classification of watersheds?

Answer 18

10-100 ha, 100-1k ha, 1k-10k ha, 10k-50k ha, 50k-2L ha
Mini, Micro, Mili, Sub, Macro Watershed

Question 19

if watershed is 48000 ha in size, it can be called?

Answer 19

sub-water shed

Question 20

Downward movement of water through saturated or nearly saturated soil in response to gravity

Answer 20

Percolation

Question 21

Lateral seepage of water in relatively previous soil above a less pervious layer?

Answer 21

Interflow

Question 22

Which nutrient stimulates photosynthesis?

Answer 22

chlorine

Question 23

Formative and grand growth phase is critical for?

Answer 23

Sugarcane

Question 24

Deficiency of these minerals are seen in terminal buds and tips of leaves

Answer 24

Least mobile nutrients: Ca & Bo

Question 25

Deficiency of these minerals are seen in younger and older leaves, but not all

Answer 25

Moderately mobile minerals: Zn

Question 26

Soil that contains highly degraded OM, they have relatively higher pH values are also found in Kashmir, HP, Assam, and some other states. Identify the soil

Answer 26

Mucky Soil

Question 27

Elements which promote growth and may be essential for some plant species, but are not required by all plants.

Answer 27

Beneficial Nutrients

Question 28

Watershed Development Fund was built in NABARD, what is the broad objetive of the fund?

Answer 28

Unification of multiplicity of watershed development programmes

Question 29

**Jiwi Daah Hasa**, this high-impact mega watershed project aims to restore life, water and earth in **X state's** most disadvantaged areas. The name comes from Adivasi languages Santhali and others and means 'life', 'water' and 'earth' respectively. X is?

Answer 29

Jharkhand

Question 30

A term used to describe both P-sorption and P-precipitation, which reduce phosphorus availability.

Answer 30

Phosphorus Fixation

Question 31

a soil with great P-fixation capacity has less available phosphorus after fertilisation than a soil with low ____ capacity?

Answer 31

P-fixation

Question 32

Which nutrient increases Phosphorus availability in the soil?

Answer 32

Sulphur & lime

Question 33

Which nutrient can decrease phosphorus availability in: 1. Acidic soil 2. Alkaline soil

Answer 33

1. **Fe & Al** - for acidic soil 2. **Ca** - for alkaline & Nitrogen

Question 34

Low analysis fertilizer contain less than what % of Primary nutrients?

Answer 34

25%

Question 35

The budget allocation for fertilizer aubsidy for 2024-25 is Rs. 1.64 L crore. This is a ____% decrease from the revised estimate of 2023-24

Answer 35

13.8% | Also a 5 year low

Question 36

A **sapric** organic soil that are saturated for **> 30 cumulative days in normal years** or are artificially drained. An example would be a soil made up of humus from **drained swampland.**

Answer 36

Mucky soil

Question 37

Soils with high ____ ratio are often used as mulch to control weeds in gardens and specialty crops

Answer 37

C:N

Question 38

A systematic numerical & letter colour notation for designations of Hue, Value & Chroma

Answer 38

Munsell chart

Question 39

The notation 1.5 YR 5/6 in the Munsell Chart represents?

Answer 39

1.5 YR = Hue 5 = Value 6 = Chroma

Question 40

Mohs Scale is used to determine?

Answer 40

Soil Hardness

Question 41

Size of Peds represents? Shape and arrangement represents?

Answer 41

Class = size Shape = Type

Question 42

Upper vertex of soil triangle represents?

Answer 42

Clay | Left = Sand, Right = silt

Question 43

As fineness inc BD ___

Answer 43

decreases | PD increases

Question 44

Field test used to determine the amt of clay in soil?

Answer 44

Ribbon test

Question 45

Test can be used to determine the percentage of sand, silt, clay in soil

Answer 45

Jar test

Question 46

Field Capacity is measured in soils with uniform ____ & ____

Answer 46

structure & texture

Question 47

Factors that affect Field Capacity other than Structure & texture?

Answer 47

* Clay type * Soil Layering * Depth of Groundwater

Question 48

**Moisture content at different tensions** during wetting of **soil** varies from moisture content at the same tensions during drying is?

Answer 48

Soil Hysteresis

Question 49

____ phenomenon is the only source of recharge of groundwater which can be used through wells for irrigation

Answer 49

Percolation

Question 50

Example of 2:1 Expanding clay?

Answer 50

Montmorillonite

Question 51

What type of material is used to coat nano--coated fertilizers?

Answer 51

Organic or inorganic nanomaterials

Question 52

Types of nano-coated fertilizers?

Answer 52

* Nano-encapsulated * Polymer coated * Inorganic Nano-coated | Inorganic - metal nano for improved soil health

Question 53

Soil Day is on? Its theme?

Answer 53

5th Dec Caring for Soils: Measure, Monitor, Manage

Question 54

Which of the following is a benefit of preserving Orans (sacred forests) in terms of water conservation? A> Maintenance of healthy watersheds B> Groundwater recharge C> Prevention of soil erosion D> Prevention of salt water intrusion

Answer 54

A, B, C only

Question 55

Which of the following factors is most directly studied in limnology?

Answer 55

Water quality in freshwater ecosystems

Question 56

Branch of soil science that specifically focusses on the study of soil from the standpoint of higher plants, is?

Answer 56

Edaphology

Question 57

Which soil layer is not present in all soils?

Answer 57

O Layer | Present in forest soils but not in wetlands

Question 58

Which soil layer consists of unweathered or mostly weathered parent material?

Answer 58

C Horizon

Question 59

Soul horizon known as the zone of accumulation where leached materials settle

Answer 59

B Horizon

Question 60

Illuviation is active in ___ soil horizon

Answer 60

B Horizon

Question 61

An instrument used to determine geotechnical engg properties and a **detailed soil profile**

Answer 61

Cone penetrometer