special senses (eye, ear) Flashcards
(151 cards)
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describe the flow of aqueous humor
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describe the macula lutea and what it is for
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describe the visual pathway
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describe the mechanism of hearing
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Actions: superior rectus
elevation, adduction and medial rotation of th eye
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Actions: lateral rectus
abduction of the eye
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Actions: inferior rectus
depression, adduction and lateral rotation of the eye
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Actions: medial rectus
adduction
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Actions: superior oblique
medial rotation, depression and abduction
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Actions: inferior oblique
lateral rotation, elevation and abduction
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which extrinsic eye muscles are mediated by the CN occulomotor III
superior rectus
inferior rectus
medial rectus
inferior oblique
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which extrinsic eye muscle is mediated by CN abducens VI
lateral rectus
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which extrinsic eye muscle is mediated by CN trochlear IV
superior oblique
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which skull foramen do the extrinsic eye muscle nerves emerge from
superior orbital fissure
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what does the conjunctiva attach to
cornea and bottom lid
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what does the lacrimal gland hold
saline solution
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what does the superior palpabrae do
move the upper eyelid
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what is conjunctiva and what is its purpose
a mucous membrane lining the anterior surface of eyeball and inner lining of eyelids
it purpose: lubricant
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the section where the sclera becomes transparent is
the cornea
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what is the white of the eye
sclera
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which tunic holds photoreceptors
retina
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describe the fovea centralis
tiny pit, tons of cones, area of finest vision
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describe the macula latea
lateral to optic disc, high concentration of cones
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what are cones good for compared to rods
cones--> color/daylight
rods--> black and white/nighttime
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what does the vascular tunic (pigmented, vascular layer) contain
choroid
iris
ciliary body
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what does choroid pigment do
absorb excess light, vessels supply other tissues
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what does the iris do
controls amount of incoming light
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ciliary body
attaches and focuses lens
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what happens whe ciliary muscles are relaxed
suspensory ligament pulled tight--> flattens the lens
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what happens when ciliary muscles contract
tension released from suspensory ligament- lens becomes more convex
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what is strabisumus
orientation of two eyes does not match one another
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what is nystagmus
neurological sign characterized by rapid uncontrolled eye movemement
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what is glaucoma
aqueous humors are not drained quickly or at all, pressure on retina and optic nerve
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what is cataracts
clouding of the lens
