Sped Review part 5 Flashcards
(93 cards)
1
Q
What is the next level of the positive behavioral interventions and supports system?
A
Classroom Based PBIS
This extends the school-wide system into classroom settings.
2
Q
What are key considerations for establishing classroom routines?
A
- How do I want my students to treat me as a person?
- How do I want my students to treat one another?
- What kind of values do I want to communicate to my students?
3
Q
What is critical for establishing a positive behavioral interventions and supports system in the classroom?
A
Keeping students engaged through innovative and creative instructional learning activities.
4
Q
What must teachers be intentional about teaching to students?
A
- Study skills
- Appropriate work habits
5
Q
Why is establishing clear expectations for behavior in the classroom important?
A
It is fundamental to establishing a good PBIS system.
6
Q
What should be done when establishing classroom routines?
A
Teach the routines so that everyone is clear about them.
7
Q
What is the foundation of behavior according to the PBIS model?
A
All behavior is learned and serves a function.
8
Q
What are some common functions of problem behaviors?
A
- To get peer attention
- To get adult attention
- To gain access to a preferred activity
- To escape or delay a difficult task
9
Q
What does the ABC model of behavior stand for?
A
- A: Antecedent
- B: Behavior
- C: Consequence
10
Q
What is an antecedent in the context of behavior?
A
What is happening before the problem behavior occurs.
11
Q
What does a consequence refer to in the ABC model?
A
What occurs immediately after the problem behavior.
12
Q
What is an operationalized description of behavior?
A
A specific and measurable description of a student’s behavior.
13
Q
How can data collection help in managing problem behaviors?
A
It establishes a baseline to determine the frequency, duration, latency, and intensity of the behavior.
14
Q
What is the purpose of identifying the function of a behavior?
A
To determine the real reason behind the student’s behavior.
15
Q
What is a replacement behavior?
A
An appropriate behavior selected to replace a problem behavior that serves the same function.
16
Q
What are legal requirements for using time-out with students receiving Special Education services?
A
- No physical force or threat
- Must use positive behavior intervention strategies
- Must be documented in the IEP
- Must not preclude progress in general curriculum
- Staff must be trained in proper use
17
Q
What is the least restrictive form of time-out?
A
Planned ignoring in the classroom.
18
Q
What is an example of a more restrictive type of time-out?
A
Placing the student in a time-out chair or behind a time-out screen.
19
Q
How can teachers signal students to time themselves out?
A
Using a physical prop or gesture, such as putting their head down on their desk.
20
Q
What is the importance of teaching replacement behaviors?
A
To provide students with appropriate alternatives to problem behaviors.
21
Q
What is the least restrictive type of time-out for a student?
A
A very short removal to a time-out chair or rug
This allows the student to remain engaged in instructional activities.
22
Q
What is the purpose of a time-out screen in a classroom?
A
To move the student behind a screen while still allowing the teacher to monitor their engagement
The student can continue participating in class activities.
23
Q
What defines the most restrictive type of time-out?
A
Removing the student from the classroom to a segregated room
This room should not be locked and the student should not be physically prevented from leaving.
24
Q
What is confinement in the context of student behavior management?
A
A technique where a student is confined in a locked space designed solely for seclusion
It cannot be used by school district employees except in cases involving weapons.
25
What does restraint mean in the context of behavior management?
The use of physical force or mechanical devices to restrict movement
## Footnote
This is applicable in emergency situations where a student's behavior poses a threat.
26
Under what conditions can restraint be legally used?
In emergencies posing imminent, serious physical harm or property destruction
## Footnote
Professional judgment is required to assess the threat level.
27
What should be considered when implementing restraint?
It must use reasonable force, be discontinued when the emergency subsides, and not deprive basic human necessities
## Footnote
Restraint does not include safety equipment like seat belts.
28
What are the legal training requirements for staff likely to use restraint?
Training in professionally accepted practices and standards of behavior management and restraint
## Footnote
Staff must be trained in the Texas Behavior Support Initiative.
29
What is a debriefing session?
A follow-up to analyze what happened during a crisis and improve future responses
## Footnote
It should include reflection on actions taken and revisions to behavior intervention plans.
30
What is a Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA)?
A process analyzing a student's behaviors in relation to what happens before and after the behavior
## Footnote
It helps determine the function of the behavior.
31
What are the components of a Functional Behavioral Assessment?
Identifying strengths, interests, behaviors of concern, and context of behavior
## Footnote
This aids in creating effective behavior intervention strategies.
32
What is a Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP)?
A plan that includes positive behavior strategies and interventions to address problem behavior
## Footnote
It is developed based on the FBA results.
33
What is a Manifestation Determination Review (MDR)?
A review to determine if a student's behavior is linked to their disability
## Footnote
It must occur within ten school days of a placement change due to behavior.
34
What are the two standards considered during an MDR?
1. Behavior as a result of IEP failure
2. Behavior linked directly to the disability
## Footnote
If either standard is met, the student cannot be removed to an alternative program.
35
What is the definition of an Individualized Education Program (IEP)?
A document containing measurable annual academic and functional goals for students with disabilities
## Footnote
It ensures students are involved in the general education curriculum.
36
What must measurable annual goals in an IEP include?
Timeframe, conditions, behavior, and criterion
## Footnote
This ensures goals are clear and achievable within a year.
37
What are short-term objectives in the context of an IEP?
Smaller steps towards achieving an annual goal, typically for students taking alternate assessments
## Footnote
They help track progress incrementally.
38
Why is data collection important in IEP development?
To determine a student’s success and progress towards their goals and objectives
## Footnote
An accurate system is crucial for effective tracking.
39
What is essential to determine a student's success and progress?
Data collection
## Footnote
Data collection is necessary to assess a student's achievement of their goals and objectives.
40
What should progress be reported in relation to goals or objectives?
In the same manner as the goal/objective is measured
## Footnote
For example, if a goal is to master a skill 4 out of 5 times, report how many times the student succeeded in that context.
41
What are some types of recording systems for measuring progress?
* Frequency
* Interval
* Duration
* Latency
## Footnote
These systems help to create measurement criteria for student progress.
42
Why is it important to provide progress data in a meaningful way?
To help visualize student progress or regression
## Footnote
Visual aids like graphs and charts can facilitate understanding among professionals and parents.
43
What does TEKS stand for?
Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills
## Footnote
TEKS is the statewide curriculum utilized in Texas public schools.
44
What is the purpose of vertical alignment in education?
To understand what students are expected to learn across grade levels
## Footnote
It helps in identifying prerequisite skills and future learning impacts.
45
What are the steps in instructional design?
1. Determine what is being taught
2. Pre-assessment of prior knowledge
3. Determine instructional activities
4. Group students
5. Assessment product
6. Consider accommodations/modifications
## Footnote
These steps guide the planning of effective lessons.
46
What is the first step in instructional design?
Determine what is being taught
## Footnote
Use TEKS and district documents to identify required content.
47
What is the significance of pre-assessment in instructional design?
To understand students' prior knowledge
## Footnote
This allows for differentiated instruction based on what students already know.
48
What is the purpose of grouping students in instructional design?
To address individual and unique needs of learners
## Footnote
Grouping can include whole group, pairs, or small groups to maximize engagement.
49
What should the assessment product relate to?
The instruction provided to students
## Footnote
It should reflect the instructional activities and groupings used.
50
What are the five stages of grief related to parents of children with disabilities?
* Denial
* Anger
* Bargaining
* Depression
* Acceptance
## Footnote
These stages reflect the emotional journey parents may experience regarding their child's disability.
51
What is a critical guideline for communication with parents?
Respect time
## Footnote
Flexibility in scheduling meetings is important due to parents' responsibilities.
52
Why is it important for parents to provide quality information about their child?
Parents have the most expertise about their child
## Footnote
This information helps teachers better understand how the child learns.
53
What is a key aspect of maintaining communication with parents?
Be honest and respectful
## Footnote
Difficult information should be communicated politely to foster collaboration.
54
What should teachers help parents understand regarding their roles?
The different roles and responsibilities of professionals
## Footnote
Proper guidance can direct parents to the appropriate person for their concerns.
55
What is a common fear parents may have regarding transitions?
Fear of repeating past difficult situations
## Footnote
Teachers should help parents focus on present situations and prepare for transitions.
56
What is the primary focus when working with parents of students with disabilities?
To focus on the present situation and prepare for transitions
## Footnote
Parents may have fears and anxieties related to transitions.
57
Why is it important for teachers to understand their unique qualities?
Each teacher has a unique skill set that contributes to the classroom
## Footnote
Teachers cannot 'fix' disabilities but can help students improve.
58
What is the most important communication strategy for teachers when working with parents?
To be positive about the child and focus on their strengths
## Footnote
This helps in building a supportive relationship.
59
What is the first principle of collaboration between parents and teachers?
Keep the focus on the child during discussions
## Footnote
This ensures that meetings benefit the child.
60
What should be ensured when planning meetings with parents?
Allow enough time to discuss agenda items thoroughly
## Footnote
Respect everyone's time and end meetings on schedule.
61
What is a critical aspect of taking care of oneself as a teacher?
Taking breaks after difficult encounters with parents
## Footnote
Debriefing with a supportive colleague is recommended.
62
What does the philosophy of the TExES Special Education test emphasize?
Creating Individualized Education Programs based on student needs
## Footnote
Programs should be tailored, not fitted to existing models.
63
Define 'Learner-Centered' in the context of special education.
The focus should be centered on the learner's needs and success
## Footnote
It is a critical buzz word for the exam.
64
What are the four steps of the Lesson Cycle?
* Learning objectives
* Student engagement
* Assessing progress
* Modifying teaching
## Footnote
This process is essential for effective instruction.
65
What role does motivation play in the teaching process?
It helps in preventing problem behaviors and keeping students engaged
## Footnote
A positive and proactive approach is crucial.
66
What is an 'Authentic Relevant Task'?
Tasks that are realistic and meaningful to students' lives
## Footnote
Helps students understand the importance of learning.
67
What is the significance of legal and ethical considerations in special education?
They ensure adherence to federal laws and ethical responsibilities
## Footnote
Special educators act as advocates for students with disabilities.
68
Why is a safe and orderly environment crucial in schools?
It ensures that all students feel secure and can learn effectively
## Footnote
Important for addressing crisis situations.
69
What percentage of the TExES Special Education test focuses on understanding individuals with disabilities?
Approximately 13%
## Footnote
This is part of Domain 1 of the test.
70
What does Domain 2 of the TExES Special Education test focus on?
Promoting student learning and development, approximately 33% of the test
## Footnote
This domain emphasizes effective teaching strategies.
71
What subjects does Domain 3 of the TExES Special Education test cover?
Promoting student achievement in English Language Arts, Reading, and Math
## Footnote
Also approximately 33% of the test.
72
What is covered in Domain 4 of the TExES Special Education test?
Foundations, professional roles, and responsibilities, approximately 20% of the test
## Footnote
Essential for understanding educator responsibilities.
73
What are the four domains covered in the test?
* Domain 1: Understanding individuals with disabilities and evaluating their needs (13%)
* Domain 2: Promoting student learning and development (33%)
* Domain 3: Promoting student achievement in English Language Arts, Reading, and Math (33%)
* Domain 4: Foundations, professional roles, and responsibilities (20%)
74
What are the four stages of cognitive development according to Jean Piaget?
* Sensorimotor: birth to age 2
* Pre-Operational: ages 2-7
* Concrete Operational: ages 7-11
* Formal Operation: ages 11 to adult
75
What characterizes the Sensorimotor stage?
Birth to age 2; exploration of the world through senses and actions
76
What characterizes the Pre-Operational stage?
* Ages 2-7
* Understanding symbols
* Self-centered thought
* Limited attention span
77
What teaching strategies are effective for Pre-Operational children?
* Hands-on visual aids
* Brief instruction
* Modeling and imitation
78
What are key characteristics of the Concrete Operational stage?
* Ages 7-11
* Development of concrete reasoning
* Growth in academics
* Learning to classify objects
79
What teaching strategies should be used for Concrete Operational children?
* Visual aids
* Hands-on activities
* Science labs and manipulatives
80
What characterizes the Formal Operations stage?
* Ages 11-adult
* Development of abstract thinking
* Use of deductive and inductive reasoning
81
What is the importance of Bloom's taxonomy in teaching Formal Operations students?
Supports the transition from basic recall to application, analysis, and synthesis of information
82
What are the levels of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
* Physical Needs
* Safety Needs
* Group Belonging/Acceptance
* Self Esteem Needs
* Knowledge Needs
* Aesthetic Needs
* Self-Actualization
83
What is task analysis in special education?
Breaking a task down into subtasks to teach new skills
84
What are the steps in task analysis?
* Specify the main task
* Identify subtasks
* Treat each subtask as a main task
* Stop when a subtask reaches the student's entry level
85
What are effective reading approaches for struggling readers?
* Basal reading approach
* Phonics approach
* Whole language approach
* Language experience approach
86
What are key considerations for written expression in students with disabilities?
* Handwriting tools
* Vocabulary development
* Content development
* Structure development
87
What focus areas promote student achievement in math?
* Classification
* One-to-one correspondence
* Counting
* Place value
88
What is the legal foundation of special education established by Public Law 94-142?
Mandated special education services in public schools
89
What does IDEA stand for?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
90
What rights do parents of students with disabilities have?
* Written notice and consent before assessment
* Right to review assessments and records
* Assurance of testing in native language
* Right to independent evaluation
* Right to request mediation or due process
91
Which factors of diversity should be considered in the classroom?
* Race
* Gender
* Ethnicity
* Socio-Economic status
* Family Values
* Abilities and Disabilities
* Lifestyle of Family
* Learning Style
* Personal Interests
92
What strategies can accommodate and support diversity in the classroom?
* Foster student interdependence
* Allow heterogeneous group functioning
* Develop natural support networks
* Integrate support and related services
* Vary group size
* Organize classroom for diverse learning styles
* Provide access to various materials
93
What are some effective teacher strategies for working with students with disabilities?
* Accept the child as they are
* Encourage without speaking for them
* Emphasize strengths
* Identify interests
* Design supportive peer groups
* Use instructional strategies like graphic organizers
* Provide age-appropriate activities
