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Reproductive System > STIs and PID > Flashcards

STIs and PID Flashcards

1
Q

what organism causes gonorrhoea

A

neisseria gonorrhoea

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2
Q

what is the gram stain for gonorrhoea

A

gram negative diplococcus

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3
Q

what are the symptoms for gonorrhoea

A

discharge, dysuria

females are usually asymptomatic

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4
Q

what is the treatment for gonorrhoea

A

IM ceftriaxone and oral azithromycin

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5
Q

why is azithromycin given in gonorrhoea

A

boosts the effects of ceftriaxone
prevents resistance to ceftriaxone
also treats chlamydia which is a common co-infection with gonorrhoea

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6
Q

what organism causes chlamydia

A

Chlamydia trachomatis bacterium

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7
Q

what are the symptoms of chlamydia

A

dysuria, discharge, inter menstrual bleeding, conjunctivas, pharyngeal infection

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8
Q

what is the treatment for chlamydia

A

doxycycline

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9
Q

what causes herpes

A

herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2

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10
Q

what are the symptoms of herpes

A

painful ulceration, dysuria, discharge, fever

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11
Q

what is the treatment for herpes

A

antivirals (aciclovir)

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12
Q

what causes syphilis

A

treponema pallidum

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13
Q

what are the stage of symptoms in syphilis

A

primary stage = painless ulcer
secondary = rash 10 weeks after
latent stage = symptom free
tertiary = 40 years layer - systemic effects e.g aortic regurgitation

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14
Q

what is the treatment for syphilis

A

antibiotics (penicillin)

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15
Q

what are the symptoms for trichomonas vaginalis

A

frothy discharge, strawberry cervix, dysuria

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16
Q

what causes anogenital warts

A

HPV causes the benign lesions

17
Q

what type of cancer can HPV cause

A

cervical cancer

18
Q

what causes bacterial vaginosis

A

an imbalance of pH in the vagina e.g. from douching

19
Q

what are the symptoms of bacterial vaginosis

A

fishy discharge

20
Q

what is the treatment for bacterial vaginosis

A

metronidazole

21
Q

what organism causes candidiasis

A

Canidida albicans

22
Q

what are the symptoms of candidiasis

A

ichting, discharge

23
Q

what is used to treat candidiasis

A

topical and oral antifungals (azoles)

24
Q

what do endocervical swabs look for

A

gonorrhoea and chlamydia

25
Q

what do high vaginal swabs look for

A

BV

26
Q

what are pelvic inflammatory diseases

A

where infection spread from the endocervix to the uterus, Fallopian tubes and potentially the peritoneal cavity

27
Q

why can abscesses form in PID

A

adhesions block off the Fallopian tubes so the inflammatory exudate will build up in the tubes to give an abscess

28
Q

what are the symptoms of PID

A

abdominal pain, pyrexia, abnormal discharge, vaginal bleeding
mostly asymptomatic for a while

29
Q

what are the causes of PID

A

infection - chlamydia, gonorrhoea, BV

copper coil

30
Q

what investigations are carried out in suspected PID

A 
urine test 
pregnancy test 
endocervical and high vaginal swabs 
blood tests 
HIV screening
31
Q

what are the potential consequences of PID

A

infertility
ectopic pregnancies
chronic pelvic pain
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

32
Q

what cause of PID causes Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

A

chlamydia

33
Q

what is Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome

A

where the infection spreads into the peritoneal cavity (peritonitis) and go to the liver to cause hepatitis and RUQ pain

34
Q

what is the treatment for PID

A

14 day course of ceftriaxone, doxycycline and metronidazole

35
Q

why is there chronic pelvic pain in PID

A

adhesion stick the uterus to abdominal wall causing a fixed retroverted uterus

36
Q

why is there infertility in PID

A

as adhesion prevent the movement of the egg/sperm

37
Q

why is there an increased chance of ectopic pregnancies with PID

A

adhesions and damaged cilia prevent the egg moving through the tube so it implants early into the tube

Reproductive System (15 decks)

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