study

Question 1

Gliclizide and glyburide are what class of drug

Answer 1

sulfonylureas

Question 2

what is metformins mechanism of action

Answer 2

decreases hepatic production of glucose and increases insuline sensitivity

Question 3

Lactic acidosis is a possible adverse effect of what diabetic medication

Answer 3

metformin

Question 4

what is the mechanism of action of sulfonylureas

Answer 4

cause beta cells to release more insulin

Question 5

what class of medication are the “gliptins”

Answer 5

Dpp4 inhibitors

Question 6

Januvia and trajenta are examples of what class of medication

Answer 6

DPP4 inhibitors

Question 7

What is the mechanism of action of DPP4 inhibitors

Answer 7

inhibit breakdown of the incretin GLP-1

Question 8

Semalgutide is an example of what class of medication

Answer 8

GLP1

Question 9

What is the mechanism of action of GLP1

Answer 9

mimics the incretin GLP1

Question 10

what class of medication are the “flozins”

Answer 10

SGLT2

Question 11

What is the mechanism of action of SGLT2

Answer 11

increases urinary glucose secretion by decreasing renal glucose reabosportion

Question 12

What % HGBA1C is diagnostic for diabetes

Answer 12

> 6.5%

Question 13

What class of medication are the “glitazones”

Answer 13

Thiazolidinediones

Question 14

What is the mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones

Answer 14

increase insulin sensitivity, decrease gluconeogeneisis, increase glucose uptake

Question 15

Gluconorm is what class of medication

Answer 15

Meglitinide

Question 16

What is the mechanism of action of meglinitides

Answer 16

increase beta cell insulin release

Question 17

Arcobose is what class of medicaiton

Answer 17

Glucuosidase inhibitors

Question 18

What is the mechanism of action of glucosidase inhibitors

Answer 18

decreases glucose absorption from the gut

Question 19

what class of medications increase insulin secreation

Answer 19

sulfonylureas and meglitines

Question 20

what class of medications increase tissue insulin sensitivity

Answer 20

biguanide and thiazolinidiedones

Question 21

what class of medication inhibits the digestion of sugar

Answer 21

glucosidase inihbitors

Question 22

TRH is released from what structure

Answer 22

hypothalamus

Question 23

TSH is released from what structure

Answer 23

Ant. Pit.

Question 24

What would cause increased T3 and T3 and decreased TSH

Answer 24

hyperthyroid, graves disease

Question 25

what is first line treatment for hyperthyroidism

Answer 25

carbimazole

Question 26

propulthiouracil is used to treat what

Answer 26

hyperthyroidism

Question 27

what is radioactive iodine used to treat

Answer 27

hyerpthyroidism

Question 28

Carbimazole, methimazole and propylthiouracil are what class of medication

Answer 28

thioamides

Question 29

what is the mechanism of action of thioamides

Answer 29

blocks creation of T3 and T4

Question 30

what would cause decreased T3/T4 and increased TSH

Answer 30

primary hypothyroidism

Question 31

Hypothyroidism caused by a problem in the hypothalamus would have ___ T3/T4 and ___ TSH

Answer 31

decreased and decreased

Question 32

Hypothyroidism caused by a problem in the ant. pit. would have ___ T3/T4 and ____ TSH

Answer 32

decreased and decreased

Question 33

PTH increases or decreased serum calcium

Answer 33

increases

Question 34

increased cortisol and increased ACTH is caused by what

Answer 34

cushings

Question 35

increased ACTH with decreased cortisol is caused by what

Answer 35

addisons

Question 36

CRH is released by what structure

Answer 36

hypothalamus

Question 37

CRH triggers the Ant. Pit. to release what

Answer 37

ACTH

Question 38

why does addisons cause increased ACTH but not increased cortisol

Answer 38

destruction of adrenal gland means body is constantly signalled to release more ACTH but the adrenals cant release cortisol anymore

Question 39

what is the treatment for addisons

Answer 39

steroid replacement

Question 40

if doses are missed in the treatment of addisons what can it cause

Answer 40

adrenal crisis

Question 41

T1 cells are part of what hypersensitivity

Answer 41

Type 4

Question 42

what do T1 cells stimulate B cells to release

Answer 42

IgG

Question 43

T2 cells are part of what hypersensitivity

Answer 43

type 1

Question 44

What do T2 cells stimulate B cells to release

Answer 44

IgE

Question 45

What receptors do triptans bind to

Answer 45

serotonin

Question 46

What medication can cause SJS or toxic epidermal necrolysis in some asian populations

Answer 46

carbamazepine

Question 47

What part of the brain is responsible for emotional regulation

Answer 47

amygdala

Question 48

amitriptyline, imimpramine and desipramine are examples of what class of medication

Answer 48

Tricyclics

Question 49

What is the mechanism of action of tricyclics

Answer 49

inhibit norepi, serotonin and dopamine reuptake

Question 50

What is the mechanism of action of pramipexole

Answer 50

dopamine agonist

Question 51

what is pramipexole used to treat

Answer 51

RLS and parkinsons

Question 52

Sinemet is used to treat what

Answer 52

Parkinsons

Question 53

activated CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes are associated with what disease and what do they do

Answer 53

T1DM, destruction of beta cells

Question 54

which hypersensitivity is IgG or IgM mediated

Answer 54

Type 2

Question 55

hemolytic anemia is an example of which hypersensitivity

Answer 55

type 2

Question 56

which hypersensitivity is immune complex mediated

Answer 56

type 3

Question 57

systemic lupus is an example of what hypersensitivity

Answer 57

type 3

Question 58

which hypersensitivity is T cell mediated

Answer 58

Type 4

Question 59

SJS is an example of which hypersensitivity

Answer 59

type 4