Test 3

Question 1

One chain runs _____ and the other strand runs____

Answer 1

5’ to 3’ / 3’to5’

Question 2

REPLICATION ONLY OCCURS IN THE )______direction

Answer 2

5’-TO-3’

Question 3

What is Semiconservative replication?

Answer 3

Each replicated DNA mole consiste of one old and one new strand

Question 4

True or False: DNA replication is an anabolic process?

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What’s the function of GYRASES AND TOPISOMERASES?

Answer 5

TO REMOVE SUPERCOILS

Question 6

Which enzyme does the unwinding?

Answer 6

unwinding

Question 7

TRUE OR FALSE: DNA is methylated

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

What is the Control of gene expression?

Answer 8

Epigenetics

Question 9

What is a Point mutation?

Answer 9

One base pair is affected (Single polynucleotide polymorphisms)

Silent mutations
Missense mutations:
Nonsense mutation:

Question 10

Frameshift mutations are

Answer 10

insertions and deletions

Question 11

Ionizing radiation

Answer 11

Gamma radiation
Infrared/ xray

Question 12

Nonionizing rations

Answer 12

UV radiation

Question 13

Stasis/static

Answer 13

Agent or procedure that inhibits, not necessarily kills
Preventing them from reproducing past a certain level

Question 14

Cide/cidal

Answer 14

Agent or procedure that kills ( inactivates)
Wipes out everything

Question 15

Phenol coefficient

Answer 15

a number that allows comparison between one disinfectant (or antiseptic) to another

Question 16

Use-Dilution Test

Answer 16

examines how concentrated a chemical has to be to work

Question 17

Disk- Diffusion Method

Answer 17

chemicals on a paper disk leak out on a lawn of bacteria

Question 18

In-Use Tes

Answer 18

chemical is evaluated under “ real world” conditions
Swabs are taken from objects before and after application of disinfectant or antiseptic

Question 19

To stop microbial growth, an antimicrobial agent must do one and/or two things:

Answer 19

Disrupt the “ cell” integrity
Interfere with the structure of biomolecules

Question 20

Viruses are acellular

Answer 20

Not made of cells

Question 21

True or false: Damage to viral envelope interrupts viral replication

Answer 21

True

Question 22

True or Flase: Naked Viruses are More resistant to treatments and chemicals

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What are the seven ideal factors for an antimicrobial agent?

Answer 23

Inexpensive
Fast-acting
Stable during storage ( have a long “ half-life)
Effective against most ( if not all) microbial growth
Harmless to humans, animals, and objects
Non-toxic and non-allergenic
Easy to use
Easy to transport

Question 24

High level germicide

Answer 24

Kills ALL PATHOGENS, INCLUDING ENDOSPORE
Invasive equipment- catheters, impact

Question 25

Intermediate level

Answer 25

Kill fungal spored, protozoan cysts, viruses, and pathogenic bacteria- no endospores Non invasive equipment- endoscopes, respirators

Question 26

Low level

Answer 26

Kill vegetative bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and some viruses Skin contactors- furniture, electrodes

Question 27

What are Psychrophilic microbes?

Answer 27

Refrigerating loving microbes

Question 28

What is Lyophilization?

Answer 28

Freezing with simultaenous drying