test 4

Question 1

place where bones join together

Answer 1

joints

Question 2

most freely movable joints

Answer 2

ball and socket

Question 3

joints between the metacarpals and phalanges/ joints found in hand

Answer 3

ellipsoid

Question 4

joints that allow for movement on a single plain

Answer 4

hinge joint

Question 5

inflammation of the joint

Answer 5

arthritis

Question 6

overstressing of a joint

Answer 6

sprain

Question 7

muscles under conscious control

Answer 7

voluntary

Question 8

muscle found in heart

Answer 8

cardiac muscle

Question 8

muscles not under conscious control

Answer 8

involuntary

Question 9

type of cells found in involuntary muscles

Answer 9

smooth muscle cells

Question 10

primary function is to move the parts of the skeleton

Answer 10

skeletal muscle

Question 11

striped appearance of skeletal muscle

Answer 11

striated

Question 12

function to close the jaw

Answer 12

temporalis muscle and masseter

Question 13

muscle that allows you to shrug shoulders

Answer 13

trapezius

Question 14

allows you to bend arm at elbow

Answer 14

biceps brachii

Question 14

allows you to sit up from reclining position

Answer 14

rectus abdominis

Question 15

allows you to extend arm at elbow

Answer 15

triceps brachii

Question 16

largest and strongest muscle

Answer 16

gluteus maximus

Question 17

bends the leg at the knee

Answer 17

hamstrings

Question 17

extends leg at knee

Answer 17

quadriceps femoris

Question 18

Degradation of the muscles

Answer 18

atrophy

Question 19

tough, translucent sheath that covers muscles

Answer 19

fascia

Question 19

enlargement of muscles through use

Answer 19

hypertrophy

Question 19

motor neuron and the group it controls

Answer 19

motor unit

Question 20

part of nervous system that includes brain and spinal cord

Answer 20

central nervous system

Question 21

fast twitch? slow twitch?

Answer 21

white fibers red fibers

Question 22

supports and insulates nerve tissues

Answer 22

glial cells

Question 22

principle organ of nervous system

Answer 22

brain

Question 22

triple layer of protection for brain and spinal cord

Answer 22

meninges

Question 23

contain myelin? lack myelin?

Answer 23

white matter gray matter

Question 23

tightly sealed capillary walls

Answer 23

blood brain barrier

Question 24

disease that attacks spinal cord

Answer 24

polio

Question 24

disease where body attacks glial cells

Answer 24

MS

Question 25

infection of meninges

Answer 25

meningitis

Question 25

controls involuntary functions

Answer 25

autonomic nervous system

Question 26

cells that rarely reproduce

Answer 26

neurons

Question 26

simplest act of nervous system

Answer 26

reflex

Question 27

part of brain that controls thinking

Answer 27

cerebrum

Question 27

the inability of muscles to move

Answer 27

paralysis

Question 28

controls left side of body

Answer 28

right hemisphere

Question 28

allows 2 hemispheres to communicate with each other

Answer 28

corpus callosum

Question 29

damage to motor area

Answer 29

cerebral palsy

Question 29

portion of brain that controls motion/movement

Answer 29

motor area

Question 30

part of brain that handles complex muscle coordination

Answer 30

cerebellum

Question 30

responsible for physical effects of emotion

Answer 30

hypothalamus

Question 31

controls the involuntary muscles and activities of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 31

brain stem

Question 31

most common serious injury of nervous system

Answer 31

stroke

Question 32

idea that a persons actions can be explained as responses to particular stimuli

Answer 32

behaviorism

Question 33

responds to heat, cold, and stress

Answer 33

pain receptors

Question 33

respond to changes in temperature

Answer 33

thermoreceptors

Question 33

organs responsible for taste

Answer 33

taste buds

Question 34

state of prolonged unconsciousness

Answer 34

coma

Question 34

two of special senses

Answer 34

taste and smell

Question 35

nerve that connects nose to brain

Answer 35

olfactory nerve

Question 35

white of the eye

Answer 35

sclera

Question 36

causes you to hear your voice differently

Answer 36

bone conduction

Question 37

nerve that connects ear with brain

Answer 37

auditory nerve

Question 37

area of clearest vision

Answer 37

Fovea

Question 37

misshapen cornea; causes blurry vision

Answer 37

astigmatism

Question 37

nerve of the eye

Answer 37

optic nerve

Question 38

most important part of the eye for vision

Answer 38

retra

Question 39

People who cannot distinguish one or more of the primary colors of light

Answer 39

color blind

Question 39

responsible for our ability to see in color

Answer 39

cones

Question 39

a con­dition in which the pressure of the fluid inside the eye becomes much higher than normal, causing permanent damage to the cells of the optic nerve (a condition where optic nerve is damaged)

Answer 39

glaucoma

Question 39

enable us to see shades of gray

Answer 39

rods

Question 40

two essay options:

Answer 40

alcohol and nerves (including ms and parkinson's)

Question 41

info about alcohol from reading (for essay):

Answer 41

One of the most commonly abused drugs in the world today is alcohol. Alcohol acts as a depressant of the central nervous system Small amounts of alcohol begin with the controlling centers of the brain, producing a general loss of inhibitions, or self­ control. The only organ able to break down alcohol is the *liver* The effects are long term. some examples are heart disease and kidney failure.