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Flashcards in The Back Deck (16)
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1
Q

What are the superficial, extrinsic muscles of the back?

A

Trapezius and latissimus dorsi

2
Q

What are the deep extrinsic muscles of the back?

A

Levator scapulae and rhomboid

3
Q

What are the scapulo-humeral muscles in the back?

A

Deltoid, teres major and the four rotator cuff muscles

4
Q

What affixes the trapezius to the spine?

A

Ligamentum nuchae

5
Q

What are the three bundles of fibres in the trapezius and what is their function?

A

Superior - clavicle (elevates)
Middle - inner lip of the acromium (retracts)
Inferior - spine of the scapula (pulls inferiorly)

6
Q

Innervation of the trapezius

A

Accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI)

7
Q

Function of the trapezius

A

Superior and inferior bundles act together to rotate the scapula upwards so the glenoid cavity can move up and out.
The arm can be abducted to 90 degrees before the trapezius is required.

8
Q

Describe how you would clinically test the accessory nerve

A

Get the patient to shrug their shoulders against resistance.

9
Q

Function of latissimus dorsi

A
Adduction of the arm, extends at the shoulder joint.
Medial rotation (arm inwards)
10
Q

Innervation of latissimus dorsi

A

Thoracodorsal nerve from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus

11
Q

Function of the rhomboid

A

Retraction and rotation of the scapula inferiorly so the glenoid cavity points upwards.

12
Q

Innervation of the rhomboid

A

Dorsal scapular nerve from the C5 root of the brachial plexus

13
Q

Function of the levator scapulae

A

Elevates and rotates the scapula

14
Q

Innervation of the levator scapulae

A

Dorsal scapular nerve and cervical nerves

15
Q

Function of the teres major

A

Adduction and medial rotation of the arm

16
Q

Innervation of the teres major

A

Lower scapular nerve