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Flashcards in Fractures Deck (11)
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1
Q

Fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus

A

Can damage the axillary nerve and posterior circumflex artery
Causes paralysis of the deltoid and teres minor, loss of abduction of the arm.
Loss of sensation at the regimental badge region

2
Q

Mid-shaft fracture of the humerus

A

Can damage the radial nerve and profunda brachii
Causes paralysis of the extensor muscles and therefore cause ‘wrist drop’
Sensory loss over the dorsal surface of the hand.

3
Q

Distal humeral fracture

A

Supraepicondylar fracture can damage the brachial artery and medial/radial/ulnar nerves.
Causes Volkmann’s ischaemic contracture where the flexor muscles are shortened

Medial epicondyle fracture can damage the ulnar nerve, causing ulnar claw (hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal joints and flexion of the interphalangeal joints)
Sensory loss over the medial 1 1/2 fingers over the palmar and dorsal surfaces.

4
Q

Monteggia’s fracture

A

Proximal shaft of the ulna is fractured, the head of the radius dislocates anteriorly

5
Q

Galezzi fracture

A

Distal radius is fractured with dislocation of the ulna. Can damage the radial/posterior interosseus nerve.
Loss of pinch mechanism as flexor pollicis longus and fexor digitorum profundus are paralysed
Wrist drop

6
Q

Scaphoid fracture

A

Causes pain and tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox
Blood supply to the proximal part of the bone which can cause avascular necrosis.
If undiagnosed, are likely to develop wrist arthritis.

7
Q

Colles fracture

A

Fracture to the distal radius with posterior displacement

8
Q

Smith’s fracture

A

Fracture to the distal radius with anterior displacement

9
Q

Boxer’s fracture

A

Fifth metacarpal base neck fracture.

Distal part is displaced posteriorly producing shortening.

10
Q

Lunate fracture

A

Causes hyperextension at the wrist

Can be associated with median nerve damage.

11
Q

Bennet’s fracture

A

First metacarpal base fracture extending into the carpometacarpal joint.
Caused by hyperabduction of the thumb.