Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy 25 > The Brain > Flashcards

The Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What is Cerebral Spinal Fluid?

A

A clear, colorless liquid around the brain and spinal cord that
-cushions the CNS from physical trauma
-delivers nutrients and removes waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where is CSF made?

A

The choroid plexus (in the 3rd and 4th ventricles)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is CSF made of?

A

Plasma filtered through ependymal cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does CSF return to the bloodstream?

A

Arachnoid villi extending into the dural sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are ventricles?

A

Chambers that allow spinal fluid to flow throughout the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the thin channel that connects the third and fourth ventricles?

A

The cerebral aqeduct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the regions of the brain?

A

Cerebrum, Diencephalon, Cerebellum, Brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the cerebrum dedicated to?

A

“Higher brain functions” (sense of self, intelligence, etc), movement, sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the diencephalon for

A

Maintaining homeostasis and relaying signals; connects nervous and endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

A

Motor learning and motor control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the brain stem responsible for?

A

Vital body functions: Heart rate, body temp, respiratory rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the “lizard brain”?

A

Cerebellum and brain stem, simple functions for staying alive (fight or flight)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the “mammal brain” and why do we have it?

A

The limbic system - memories, habits, and attachments.

Developed for complex social groups and caring for young

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Neo-Cortex?

A

The “human brain” - language, abstract thought, imagination, consciousness, reasoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the difference between a gyrus and a sulcus?

A

A gyrus is a peak and a sulcus is a valley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the lobes of the cerebral cortex?

A

Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
Insula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the frontal lobe control?

A

Memory, Motor Control, Consciousness

18
Q

What does the parietal lobe control??

A

General sense and spacial orientation

19
Q

What does the occipital lobe control?

A

Vision

20
Q

What does the temporal lobe control?

A

Sound, Memory, and Language

21
Q

What does the insula control?

A

Cognition, Self-Awareness, Perception

22
Q

What are the brain landmarks of separation?

A

Longitudinal Fissure - right and left hemispheres

Central Sulcus - frontal and parietal lobes

Lateral Sulcus - Frontal, Parietal, and Temporal Lobes

23
Q

What are the major motor areas of the cerebral cortex?

A

Alcon the frontal lobe:
Premotor Cortex - The Planner
Supplementary Motor Cortex - The Coordinator
Primary Motor Cortex - The Initiator

24
Q

What are the major sensory areas of the cerebral cortex?

A
  1. Primary Somatosensory Cortex (Parietal) - receives info on general senses
  2. Primary Visual Cortex (Occipital) - receives basic visual info from the eye
  3. Primary Auditory Cortex (Temporal) - receives sound info from the ear
  4. Primary Gustatory Cortex (superiormost in Insula) - receives taste info from tongue
  5. Primary Olfactort Cortex (inferiormost in Insula) - receives info from nose about smell
25
Q

What part of the lobe receives signals and where are integrations made?

A

Received at furthest-most, integrates at borders

26
Q

What is the prefrontal cortex responsible for?

A

Located in frontal lonbe - Planning, personality and social behavior

27
Q

What is Broca’s area?

A

Part of the frontal lobe responsible for language production.

In Broca’s aphasia one can understand language but can’t communicate

28
Q

What is Wernicke’s area?

A

In the temporal lobe - language comprehension

In Wernicke’s aphasia one can speak but can’t comprehend language

29
Q

What are the three components of the Limbic System?

A

Amygdala, Hippocampus, Cingulate Gyrus

30
Q

Amygdala

A

Fear and emotional reactions to stimuli

31
Q

Hippocampus

A

Creating and storing new memories

32
Q

Cingulate gyrus

A

Links behavior to emotions and memory

33
Q

What are the four major white matter regions of the cerebral cortex?

A

1 association fibers - connect regions within hemispheres

2 commisural fibers - connect left and right hemispheres

3 Projection fibera connect up and down

4 corpus callosum large fiber bundle connecting left and right hemispheres (visible on model)

34
Q

What are the three regions of the Diencephalon?

A

Thalmamus, Epithalamus, Hypothalamus

35
Q

Thalmamus

A

Largest region of diencephalon, connects brainstem and cerebrum

-consciousness
-arousal
-relay between sensory and motor neurons

36
Q

Epithalamus

A

Posterior region of diencephalon, controls the pineal gland

-sleep and reward processing

37
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Inferior region of the diencephalon that controls homeostasis

-Controls the endocrine system
-produces hormones
-regulates autonomic nervous system
-regulates temperature
-controls food and water intake
-Regulates sleep and circadian rhythms
-Links emotions and memories to body state

38
Q

What are the parts of the cerebellum?

A

Folia, the ridges of grey matter
Arbor Vitae, the branches of white matter

39
Q

Does the cerebellum have more grey matter or white matter?

A

Grey, it is pricessing more information than it is sending signals

40
Q

What are the regions of the brainstem from inferior to superior?

A
  1. Medula Oblongata - connects directly to spinal cord
    -Breathing, heartrate, blood pressure, and involuntary muscle reflexes (swallowing, sneezing, coughing, vomiting)
  2. Pons - middle bit, connects to cerebellum
    -respiration and bladder control
  3. Midbrain - superiormost, connects to diencephalon
    -motor control, sensory cranial nerves that respond to visual and auditory stimuli

Anatomy 25 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions