The Cell

Question 1

Levels of organization

Answer 1

• chemical
• cellular
• tissue
• organ
• organ system
• organism

Question 2

2 types of endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 2

rough er and smooth er

Question 3

Nucleic acids

Answer 3

2 forms: RNA and DNA

Question 4

Nuclieotides

Answer 4

break down the nucleic acid, consist of PO4, monosaccharide and organic base

Question 5

Organic base

Answer 5

adenine, thymine,uracil, cytosine, guanine

Question 6

Monosaccharides

Answer 6

one sugar/carbohydrate

Question 7

Disaccharide

Answer 7

2 monosaccharides covalently bonded together

Question 8

Polysaccharide

Answer 8

many monosaccharides bonded together

Question 9

2 types of membrane proteins

Answer 9

integral proteins and peripheral proteins

Question 10

Cell membrane is composed of..

Answer 10

• phospholipid bilayer
• cholesterol
• membrane proteins
• membranes carbohydrates
• microvilli

Question 11

Non membraneous organelles

Answer 11

ribosome, centrosome, cytoskeleton

Question 12

2 divisions of the cell

Answer 12

• cytosol

- organelles (membranous and non membranous)

Question 13

Membranous organelles

Answer 13

• mitochondria
• endoplasmic reticulum
• golgi apparatus
• lysosome
• nucleus

Question 14

3 types of cytoskeleton

Answer 14

-microfilaments
-intermediate
microtubules

Question 15

Dipeptide

Answer 15

2 aa joined together

Question 16

Polypeptide

Answer 16

many aa joined together

Question 17

Protein

Answer 17

1 or more polypeptide folded into final shape

Question 18

5 types

Answer 18

• glyceride
• phospholipids
• cholesterol
• steroids
• proteins

Question 19

Parts of nucleus

Answer 19

• nucleolus
• chromatids/chromosomes
• nuclear envelope

Question 20

2 cell types based on chromosome

Answer 20

1. gametes

2. somatic

Question 21

ATP

Answer 21

adenosine triphosphate. NRG stored in covalent bonds. powers cell activity

Question 22

ATP consists of..

Answer 22

3 phosphates, ribose, adenine

Question 23

Functions of DNA

Answer 23

cellular respiration. template to make RNA

Question 24

Functions of RNA

Answer 24

proteins synthesis

Question 25

Functions of ATP

Answer 25

breaks bond to create immediate NRG

Question 26

Cytoplasm

Answer 26

area between inside of cell membrane and outside of nucleus

Question 27

Cytosol

Answer 27

gel like ICF

Question 28

Ribosomes

Answer 28

sites for protein synthesis

Question 29

Centrosomes

Answer 29

organize microtubules to form spindle apparatus and organize cytoskeleton

Question 30

Cytoskeleton

Answer 30

determines cells shape, important in cell movement, divisions, anchoring of organelles

Question 31

Microfilaments

Answer 31

muscle contraction, maintenance of cell shape, help with cytokenesis

Question 32

Intermediate filaments

Answer 32

supports the cytoplasm

Question 33

Microtubules

Answer 33

structural, move or secure organelles in place

Question 34

Mitochondria

Answer 34

site of ATP synthesis

Question 35

Rough er

Answer 35

attached ribosomes, synthesis of proteins

Question 36

Smooth er

Answer 36

lacked attached ribosome, synthesis lipids and steroid hormones

Question 37

Golgi apparatus

Answer 37

stacks of membrane discs, modifies, sorts, packages, and delivers proteins/lipids to cell membrane lysosomes, or for secretion

Question 38

Lysosomes

Answer 38

filled with digestive enzymes, digest bacteria, viruses, worm out organelles.

Question 39

Nucleus

Answer 39

cell control centre