The nervous system intro L4

Question 1

Nervous system definition

Answer 1

The system of cells, tissues, and organs that regulate the body’s response to internal and external stimuli

Question 2

what does communication happen via

Answer 2

Electrochemical impulses

Question 3

3 broad points of nervous system

Answer 3

Responds quickly
Short lived
usually reversible effects

Question 4

2 anatomical divisions

Answer 4

central nervous system

peripheral nervous system

Question 5

3 physiological divisions

Answer 5

somatic
autonomic
enteric

Question 6

What does sensory (afferent) do?

Answer 6

collect information from internal and external environment

Question 7

2 sections sensory can be split into

Answer 7

Unconscious vs conscious

Question 8

The unconscious sensory section can be split into;

Answer 8

proprioceptive

Interoceptive

Question 9

what does proprioceptive mean

Answer 9

pick up stimuli related to position and vibration

Question 10

What does interoceptive mean

Answer 10

Picks up stimuli from the organs

Question 11

What can the sensory conscious section be split into

Answer 11

proprioceptive (inc kinaesthetic)

Exteroceptive

Question 12

What do kinaesthetic receptors do

Answer 12

touch perception of shape and consistency

Question 13

What are exteroceptive receptors split into

Answer 13

telereceptors

Somatic receptors

Question 14

Telereceptors=

Answer 14

stimuli from afar not touching us

Question 15

Somatic receptors=

Answer 15

exterior -> touch, temperature, pain

Question 16

2 main terms of sensory

Answer 16

somatic afferents

Visceral afferents

Question 17

What are visceral afferents

Answer 17

internal stimuli

Question 18

second role of the sensory system

Answer 18

integrate, interpret & assess the collected information

Question 19

Motor (efferent) role (2)

Answer 19

Produce an effect in response to stimuli (conscious)

regulate the internal environment in response to stimuli

Question 20

What is the functional unit of the nervous system

Answer 20

neuron

Question 21

In the CNS what is grey matter

Answer 21

cortex, horns, nuclei

Question 22

In CNS what is white matter

Answer 22

Tracts

Question 23

In the PNS what is ganglia

Answer 23

collection of cell bodies

Question 24

Three types of neurons

Answer 24

multipolar neurons
bipolar neurons
unipolar

Question 25

^mid brain anterior=

Answer 25

rostral

Question 26

^mid brain posterior=

Answer 26

caudal

Question 27

^mid brain superior=

Answer 27

dorsal

Question 28

^mid brain inferior=

Answer 28

ventral

Question 29

below mid brain anterior=

Answer 29

ventral

Question 30

below mid brain posterior=

Answer 30

dorsal

Question 31

below mid brain superior=

Answer 31

rostral

Question 32

below mid brain inferior=

Answer 32

caudal

Question 33

what are the connective tissue membranes encasing the CNS called

Answer 33

Meninges

Question 34

First layer of meninges

Answer 34

Dura mater

Question 35

2nd layer of meninges

Answer 35

arachnoid mater

Question 36

3rd layer

Answer 36

Pia mater

Question 37

Potential space between bone and dura

Answer 37

extradural (epidural in spine)

Question 38

potential pace between the arachnoid and the dura

Answer 38

subdural

Question 39

What is subarachnoid

Answer 39

actual space filled with cerebrospinal fluid between arachnoid and pia

Question 40

Subpial =

Answer 40

potential space, really cerebral or spinal cord tissue filled

Question 41

Key difference of spinal meninges

Answer 41

epidural space not extradural | is now an actual space

Question 42

What is inside the epidural space

Answer 42

venus plexus | fat connective tissue

Question 43

What does the internal vertebra venus plexus do

Answer 43

drains the vertebral column

Question 44

where is grey matter found in the brain

Answer 44

the outside

Question 45

what are mounds of grey matter called

Answer 45

gyri

Question 46

What are grooves of grey matter called

Answer 46

sulci

Question 47

What grey matter is isolated in the inside of the brain

Answer 47

basal ganglia

Question 48

cerebrum=

Answer 48

large hemisphere overlapping on either side

Question 49

cerebellum=

Answer 49

back of brain

Question 50

telencephalon+ diencephalon=

Answer 50

prosencephalon

Question 51

Rhombencephalon=

Answer 51

hind brain | cerebellum

Question 52

denticulate ligaments=

Answer 52

elongated pia mater through the arachnoid mater | supportive function

Question 53

White matter in spinal cord is?

Answer 53

on the outside

Question 54

lateral horns are found in

Answer 54

thoracic and lumbar

Question 55

components of the PNS (6)

Answer 55

``` cranial nerves spinal nerves/roots nerve plexuses & ganglia named nerves myotomes/ dermatomes autonomic nerves ```

Question 56

what do plexuses do

Answer 56

help distribute nerves/axons

Question 57

how many spinal segments

Answer 57

33

Question 58

Plexuses components

Answer 58

cranial nerves spinal nerves nerve plexuses and root plexuses named nerves

Question 59

What does each spinal segment produce

Answer 59

a single spinal nerve

Question 60

myotome=

Answer 60

area of muscle supplied by a single spinal segment

Question 61

dermatome=

Answer 61

area of skin supplied by a single spinal segment

Question 62

Are peripheral nerves normally mixed?

Answer 62

Yes | usually carry sensory, motor and autonomic components