The Respiratory System 3 Flashcards

(42 cards)

1
Q

How can tidal volume be increased?

A

By inhaling more vigorously and exhaling more completely

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2
Q

What is alveolar volume?

A

The amount of air reaching the alveoli each minute

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3
Q

What is the amount of air reaching the alveoli each minute called?

A

Alveolar volume

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4
Q

What is tidal volume called?

A

The amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath

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5
Q

What is the amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath called?

A

Tidal volume

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6
Q

What is vital capacity?

A

The tidal volume plus expiratory and inspiratory reserve volumes

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7
Q

What is tidal volume + expiratory + inspiratory reserve volumes called?

A

Vital capacity

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8
Q

What is residual volume?

A

Air left in lungs after maximum exhalation

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9
Q

What is the air left in the lungs after maximum exhalation?

A

Residual volume

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10
Q

What is resting tidal volume?

A

The amount of air you move into or out of your lungs during a single respiratory cycle under resting conditions

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11
Q

What is the average resting tidal volume for both males and females?

A

500mls in both males and females

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12
Q

What is the amount of air you move into or out of your lungs during a single respiratory cycle under resting conditions called?

A

Resting Tidal Volume

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13
Q

What is expiratory reserve volume?

A

The amount of air that you can voluntarily expel after you have completed a normal, quiet respiratory cycle

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14
Q

What is the amount of air that you can voluntarily expel after you have completed a normal quiet respiratory cycle called?

A

Expiratory Reserve Volume

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15
Q

What is ERV in females?

A

700 mls

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16
Q

What is ERV in males?

A

1000 mls

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17
Q

What is residual volume?

A

The amount of air that remains in your lungs even after a maximal exhalation

18
Q

What is the amount of air that remains in your lungs even after a maximal exhalation called?

A

Residual volume

19
Q

What is the average residual volume in males?

20
Q

What is the average residual volume in females?

21
Q

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

A

The amount of air that you can take in above the Tidal volume

22
Q

What is the amount of air that you can take in above the Tidal volume called?

A

Inspiratory reserve volume

23
Q

What is average inspiratory reserve volume in men?

24
Q

What is the average inspiratory reserve volume in women?

25
What is vital capacity?
The maximum amount of air that you can move into or out of your lungs in a single respiratory cycle
26
What is the maximum amount of air that you can move into or out of your lungs in a single respiratory cycle called?
Vital capacity
27
What is the equation for vital capacity?
Expiratory reserve + tidal volume + inspiratory reserve
28
What is total lung capacity?
Total volume of the lungs = vital capacity + residual volume
29
What is the vital capacity + residual volume equal to?
Total lung capacity
30
What is the average total lung capacity for males?
6000 ml in males
31
What is the average total lung capacity for females?
4500 mls
32
Give an example of a pulmonary function test.
The forced test
33
What can asthma and cigarette-related lung disease do? | 4
It can alter the volumes that can be contained within and expired from the lungs They increase the resistance to gas flow offered by the conducting airways Breathing becomes difficult Gas exchange becomes impaired
34
What is forced vital capacity?
When a vital capacity manoeuvre is carried out with maximal effort to expel all the vital capacity in the minimal possible time interval
35
List four obstructive disorders.
Asthma Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Cystic fibrosis Lung cancer/tumours
36
What is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
Chronic bronchitis or emphysema or both together
37
What indicates an obstructive pulmonary disorder? | 3
Normal or slightly low FVC Low FEV 1 Low ratio = 40-50%
38
List five restrictive disorders.
Pulmonary fibrosis Damage to rib cage Skeletal disorder Muscular disorder Pulmonary edema
39
Give an example of a skeletal disorder
Scoliosis
40
Give an example of a muscular disorder
Muscular dystrophy
41
Give an example of a pulmonary edema
Right heart failure
42
What three things indicate a restrictive lung disorder?
Very low FVC Low FEV1 High or normal ratio e.g. 90%