Thought and Language - Lecture Seven Flashcards
Intelligence Measurement
Intelligence (Passer & Smith)
Ability to acquire knowledge, to think and reason effectively and to deal adaptively with the environment
Samuel Morton (1820-50’s)
Believed that head size was related to intelligence and ranking of races
Paul Broca (1824-80’s)
Weighed brains of cadavers and compared groups. Broca believed that the heavier the brain, the more intelligent
Correlation between brain size and intelligence
0.33
Higher for females than males and higher for adults than children
IQ and brain imaging
Belief that brains of intelligent people are more efficient
Francis Galton
Examined whether performance on tasks related to how smart other people think a person is
What did Galton find?
No relation between how smart someone is and social class Developed statistical techniques; Pearson's r correlation coefficient
Alfred Binet (1857-1911)
Pioneered intelligence testing, was the father of modern day intelligence testing - Stanford Binet IQ test. Binet developed an intelligence test to predict school success that included performance of various complex tasks i.e. copying a drawing, repeating digits (memory), making change with coins and comprehension
Alfred Binet (1857-1911) belief
That intelligence was a general ability, not just the accumulation of knowledge
Mental age
Average age at which children achieve a particular score
Chronological age
Real age of the child
Measuring intelligence in children
The mental age of the child could be compared to chronological age
Intelligence quotient
(Mental Age / Chronological Age) x 100
Henry Goddard
Translated the Binet test into English from French and promoted mass testing. Test included group administered tasks and paper and pencil tasks
