Thought and Language - Lecture Two

Question 1

Early infant speech perception

Answer 1

Newborns are able to perceive many basic phoneme contrasts (hearing the differences between sounds), even between different languages

Question 2

V.O.T

Answer 2

Voice onset time, the time interval between release of consonant and onset of voicing

Question 3

When do children fine tune their perception to the language they are growing up in?

Answer 3

9 months old

Question 4

How is detection of phonemic change and categories modified?

Answer 4

With experience

Question 5

Infants speech sounds

Answer 5

Cooing, reduplicated babbling, variegated babbling

Question 6

How much does word comprehension precede productive vocabulary?

Answer 6

An average of 4 months

Question 7

When does the vocabulary burst occur?

Answer 7

After the first 50 words are learnt

Question 8

Why does the vocabulary burst occur?

Answer 8

Symbolic nature of language, control over articulation and easier retrieval

Question 9

Underextension of words

Answer 9

e.g. dog refers to family dog but not other dogs

Question 10

Overextension of words

Answer 10

e.g. dog refers to cats and dogs

Question 11

Pitch

Answer 11

Is a non-verbal form of communication which helps to convey meaning

Question 12

Holophrases

Answer 12

A single word that stands for an entire statement e.g. when a child says “water” it means they want to drink some water

Question 13

When do children begin to combine words?

Answer 13

2 years old

Question 14

Semantic relations children like to convey

Answer 14

Possession (MY toy), Naming (THAT toy), Attributes (BIG toy), Action (GO home)

Question 15

When do children’s speech begin to resemble adult language and form proper sentences?

Answer 15

4 years old