Tissues

Question 1

group of cells with similar structure and function plus extracellular substance (matrix)

Answer 1

Tissues

Question 2

study of tissues

Answer 2

Histology

Question 3

Types of Tissues:

Answer 3

1. Epithelial
2. Connective
3. Muscular
4. Nervous

Question 4

Epithelial Tissues

Answer 4

Location:
- cover body (internal and external)
- Ex. Skin, kidney, trachea, glands, etc.

Characteristics:
- cells close together (very little extracellular
matrix)
- form most glands
- have a free surface

Basal surface:
- attaches epithelial cells to underlying tissues

Question 5

Functions of Epithelial Tissues:

Answer 5

1. Protect
2. Act as a barrier
3. Diffusion and Filtration
4. Secretion
5. Absorption

Question 6

Simple Epithelium

Answer 6

Structure: 1 layer of cells

Question 7

Stratified Epithelium

Answer 7

Structure: many layers of cells

Question 8

Simple Squamous

Answer 8

Structure: 1 layer of flat, tile-like cells

Function: diffusion and filtration

Location: blood vessels, lungs, heart, kidneys

Question 9

Simple Cuboidal

Answer 9

Structure: 1 layer of square-shaped cells

Function: secretion

Location: glands, ovaries, kidneys

Question 10

Simple Columnar

Answer 10

Structure: 1 layer of tall, narrow cells

Function: secrete mucus and absorption

Location: stomach, intestines, resp. tract

Question 11

Pseudostratified Columnar

Answer 11

Structure: 1 layer of tall, narrow cells appears stratified but isn’t

Function: secrete mucus and propel debris out of resp. tract (cilia)

Location: nasal cavity and trachea

Question 12

Stratified Squamous

Answer 12

Structure: many layers of flat, tile-like cells

Function: protect and acts as a barrier

Location: skin, mouth, throat, esophagus

Question 13

Transitional

Answer 13

Structure: a special type of stratified epi. changes shape (stretched squamous, not stretched cuboidal)

Function: hold fluids

Location: urinary bladder

Question 14

increase cell’s surface area

Answer 14

Microvilli

Question 15

move materials across cell’s surface

Answer 15

Cilia

Question 16

it produce mucus

Answer 16

Goblet cells

Question 17

bind adjacent cells together

Answer 17

Tight junctions

Question 18

mechanical links that bind cells

Answer 18

Desmosomes

Question 19

bind cells to basement membrane

Answer 19

Hemidesmosomes

Question 20

small channels that allow molecules to pass
between cells

Answer 20

Gap junctions

Question 21

structures that secrete substances onto a surface, into a cavity, or into blood

Answer 21

Glands

Question 22

glands with ducts

Answer 22

Exocrine glands

Question 23

no ducts (directly into bloodstream)

Answer 23

Endocrine glands

Question 24

Types of Exocrine Glands:

Answer 24

• Simple: no branches
• Compound: many branches
• Tubular: end of duct
• Alveolus: sac-like structure

Question 25

Types of Protein Fibers:

Answer 25

* Collagen fibers * Reticular fibers * Elastic fibers

Question 26

look like ropes and are flexible but resist stretching

Answer 26

Collagen fibers

Question 27

supporting network that fills spaces between organs and tissues

Answer 27

Reticular fibers

Question 28

recoil after being stretched

Answer 28

Elastic fibers

Question 29

Loose

Answer 29

Location: between organs, muscles, glands, skin Structure: collagen fibers far apart Function: support and protect

Question 30

Dense

Answer 30

Location: tendons, ligaments, skin Structure: collagen fibers packed close together Function: connect and can withstand pulling forces

Question 31

Adipose

Answer 31

Location: under the skin and around organs Structure: collagen and elastic fibers, cells filled with lipids Function: storage, insulate, cushion

Question 32

* Type of connective tissue * Composed of chondrocytes * Contains collagen * Withstands compressions * Provides support, flexibility, strength

Answer 32

Cartilage

Question 33

Types of Cartilage:

Answer 33

1. Hyaline cartilage 2. Fibrocartilage 3. Elastic cartilage

Question 34

Hard connective tissue

Answer 34

Bone

Question 35

Liquid connective tissue

Answer 35

Blood

Question 36

Consist of neurons or nerve cells

Answer 36

Nervous Tissue

Question 37

substitution of dead cells for viable cells

Answer 37

Tissue repair

Question 38

cells of same type develop (no scar)

Answer 38

Regeneration

Question 39

cells of a different type develop (scar)

Answer 39

Replacement