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TOEFL Vocabulary > TOEFL - Set 12 > Flashcards

TOEFL - Set 12 Flashcards

1
Q

parameter

A

n. 参数/参量

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2
Q

paramount

A

adj. 最重要的;最高权力的 (most important/predominant/superior)

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3
Q

paraphrase

A

vt. 将…释义/改写 (restate/reword)
n. 释义/意义 (explanation/interpretation)

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4
Q

parasite

A

n. 寄生虫/食客

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5
Q

parasitic

A

adj. 寄生的

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6
Q

parliamentary

A

adj. 议会(制)的

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7
Q

partial

A

adj. 部分的 (incomplete/fragmentary/sectional)

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8
Q

impartially

A

adv. 公平地/无私地 (fairly)

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9
Q

participant

A

n. 参与者/参赛者 (people who take part in)

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10
Q

passion

A

n. 激情/热情 (ardor/fervor)

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11
Q

passionate

A

adj. 充满热情的/热烈的 (ardent/zealous/enthusiastic)

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12
Q

passive

A

adj. 被动的;消极的 (compliant)

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13
Q

pastel

A

adj. 柔和的 (bland/soft)

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14
Q

pasture

A

n. 牧场/草地 (field/meadow)

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15
Q

patch

A

n. 片/块 (expanse/piece)

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16
Q

patent

A

n. 专利
vt. 取得…的专利权/申请专利 (license)

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17
Q

path

A

n. 轨道/道路 (orbit/roadway)

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18
Q

pathway

A

n. 路/径 (path/track)

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19
Q

footpath

A

n. 人行道/小路

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20
Q

pathogen

A

n. 病菌/病原体

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21
Q

patriarch

A

n. (男性)家长/族长 (master/chief)

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22
Q

patriarchal

A

adj. 家长的/族长的

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23
Q

patriot

A

n. 爱国者

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24
Q

patriotic

A

adj. 爱国的

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25
Q

patrol

A

v. 巡逻/巡视 (guard/watch)

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26
Q

patroller

A

n. 巡警

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27
Q

patron

A

n. 赞助人/资助人 (benefactor/helper)
n. 顾客 (customer/client)

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28
Q

patronage

A

n. 赞助;惠顾 (sponsorship/support)

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29
Q

patronizing

A

adj. 自认为高人一等的;摆派头的 (arrogant)

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30
Q

paucity

A

n. 小量/缺乏 (insufficiency/scarcity)

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31
Q

pauper

A

n. 贫民/乞丐 (beggar)

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32
Q

pave

A

vt. 铺设/为…铺路 (coat/cover)

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33
Q

pave the way for

A

为…铺平道路

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34
Q

peak

A

n. 山顶;最高点/顶端 (summit/apex/maximum/prime)

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35
Q

pebble

A

n. 小鹅卵石

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36
Q

peck

A

v. 啄/啄起 (pick)

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37
Q

peculiar

A

adj. 特有的/专有的 (special/characteristic)
adj. 奇怪的/异常的 (unusual/odd/bizarre)

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38
Q

peculiarity

A

n. 特性/怪癖 (eccentricity/oddness)

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39
Q

pedagogy

A

n. 教育学/教学法 (education/teaching)

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40
Q

pedagogic

A

adj. 教育学的

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41
Q

pedagogical

A

adj. 教育学的/教学法的

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42
Q

peer

A

v. 凝视/仔细看 (gaze/stare)
n. 同辈/同等的人 (fellow/companion)

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43
Q

peerless

A

adj. 出类拔萃的/无可匹敌的 (unique/unsurpassed)

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44
Q

penal

A

adj. 刑罚的/刑法上的

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45
Q

penalty

A

n. 处罚/罚款 (punishment/fine)

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46
Q

penchant

A

n. 爱好/嗜好;(强烈的)倾向 (liking/inclination)

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47
Q

pendant

A

n. 垂饰;下垂物 (hanging)

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48
Q

penetrate

A

vt. 穿透;渗透 (pierce/go through/permeate)

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49
Q

penetrating

A

adj. (声音)响亮的/尖锐的 (sharp)
adj. (气味)刺激的 (pungent)
adj. (思想)敏锐的/有洞察力的

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50
Q

peninsula

A

n. 半岛

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51
Q

pensive

A

adj. 沉思的 (meditative/contemplative)

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52
Q

perceive

A

vt. 注意到;意识到;察觉到 (sense;detect)

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53
Q

perception

A

n. 理解;感知/感觉 (understanding/feeling/sense)

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54
Q

perceptive

A

adj. 感知的;有洞察力的 (discerning/insightful/incisive)

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55
Q

conception

A

n. 观念/概念

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56
Q

perch

A

n. 栖息处
v. (使)栖息

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57
Q

percolate

A

v. 过滤/渗透
n. 滤液

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58
Q

perennial

A

adj. 四季不断的/终年的;(植物)多年生的 (continuous/perpetual)

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59
Q

perennially

A

adv. 永久地/终年地 (year-round/perpetually)

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60
Q

perfect

A

adj. 完美的/理想的 (flawless/ideal)
vt. 使完美;使熟练 (refine/improve)

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61
Q

perfection

A

n. 尽善尽美/完美 (flawlessness/excellence)

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62
Q

perform

A

vt. 履行/执行 (handle/execute)
vt. 表演/演出

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63
Q

performance

A

n. 履行/执行;表演/演奏 (enactment/execution;show/presentataion)

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64
Q

performer

A

n. 表演者 (entertainer)

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65
Q

perimeter

A

n. 边缘/周边地带 (edge/periphery)

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66
Q

periodic

A

adj. 周期的/定期的 (repeated/recurrent)

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67
Q

period

A

n. 时期;时代 (time/epoch/age/era)

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68
Q

periodical

A

n. 期刊/杂志
adj. 周期的/定期的

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69
Q

peripheral

A

adj. 周边的/外围的 (exterior/marginal)

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70
Q

periphery

A

n. 外围 (circumference/boundary)

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71
Q

perishable

A

adj. (尤指食物)易腐的/易坏的

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72
Q

permanent

A

adj. 长久的/永久的 (everlasting/perpetual)

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73
Q

permeate

A

vt. 弥漫;渗透/透过 (pervade;pass through/penetrate)

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74
Q

permeable

A

adj. 有浸透性的/能透过的 (penetrable)

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75
Q

permission

A

n. 许可/允许 (consent/approbation)

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76
Q

permissive

A

adj. 许可的/宽容的 (approving/tolerant)

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77
Q

perpendicular

A

adj. 垂直的/直立的 (vertical/upright)

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78
Q

perpetuate

A

vt. 使…延续/使永存 (eternalize)

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79
Q

perplex

A

vt. 迷惑/困惑;难住 (baffle/confuse)

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80
Q

perplexing

A

adj. 使人困惑的;令人费解的 (puzzling/baffling/complicated)

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81
Q

persevere

A

vi. 坚持不懈/不屈不挠 (endure/persist)

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82
Q

perseverance

A

n. 坚定不移 (endurance/persistence)

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83
Q

persist

A

vi. 坚持;持续 (continue/insist/persevere)

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84
Q

persistence

A

n. 坚持不懈/持续 (endurance/tenacity)

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85
Q

persistent

A

adj. 坚持不懈的 (tenacious/constant)

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86
Q

personality

A

n. 个性/性格 (character)

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87
Q

personnel

A

n. 人员/职员 (staff/employees)

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88
Q

perspective

A

n. (判断事物的)角度/方法/观点 (viewpoint/view)
n. 透视;远景

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89
Q

perspiration

A

n. 汗水;出汗 (sweat)

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90
Q

perspire

A

vi. 出汗 (sweat)

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91
Q

persuade

A

v. 说服/劝说/(使)相信 (sway/convince)

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92
Q

persuasive

A

adj. 有说服力的/善说服的 (eloquent/convincing/cogent)

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93
Q

pertinent

A

adj. 相关的/切题的;中肯的 (relevant)

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94
Q

pest

A

n. 害虫;令人讨厌的人或物 (nuisance)

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95
Q

pesticide

A

n. 杀虫剂 (insecticide)

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96
Q

pestilence

A

n. 瘟疫

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97
Q

pestilential

A

adj. 引起瘟疫的

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98
Q

pet

A

n. 宠物

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99
Q

petal

A

n. 花瓣

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100
Q

petition

A

n./v. 请愿 (plea/request)

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101
Q

repetition

A

n. 重复;循环 (repeat/return)

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102
Q

petroleum

A

n. 石油

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103
Q

phase

A

n. 阶段/态 (stage/moment)

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104
Q

phenomena

A

n. (pl)现象

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105
Q

phenomenally

A

adv. 明白地/显著地 (extraordinarily/remarkably)

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106
Q

philology

A

n. 语言学/文献学 (linguistics/literature)

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107
Q

philosophy

A

n. 哲学;原理/人生观

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108
Q

phonetics

A

n. 语音学

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109
Q

physiological

A

adj. 生理学的;生理上的

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110
Q

physiology

A

n. 生理学

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111
Q

picturesque

A

adj. 如画的/美丽的 (scenic/beautiful)

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112
Q

pierce

A

vt. 穿透/戳穿 (penetrate/perforate)

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113
Q

pigment

A

n. 色素/颜料 (coloring/dye)

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114
Q

pillar

A

n. 柱/柱子 (column/post)

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115
Q

capillary

A

n. 毛细血管

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116
Q

pillow

A

n. 枕头

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117
Q

willow

A

n. 柳树

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118
Q

pinch

A

vt. 掐/夹痛 (clutch/squeeze)

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119
Q

pine

A

n. 松树
vi. 憔悴/消瘦

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120
Q

porcupine

A

n. 豪猪/箭猪

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121
Q

pineapple

A

n. 凤梨/菠萝

122
Q

spine

A

n. 脊椎;书脊

123
Q

spined

A

adj. 有背骨的/有脊柱的

124
Q

spinet

A

n. 小型立式钢琴

125
Q

pinpoint

A

vt. 准确地确定;用针标出…的精确位置 (spot/locate)

126
Q

pioneer

A

n. 开拓者 (originator/explorer)
v. 开辟/倡导 (lead the way/explore)

127
Q

pioneering

A

adj. 开创性的 (initial/original)

128
Q

pique

A

vt. 激起/引起(好奇等) (arouse)
vt. 激怒 (provoke)

129
Q

pit

A

n. 坑/地坑;煤矿 (hole/cavity;mine)
vt. 使对抗/使相斗 (confront)

130
Q

pitch

A

n. 场地/球场
n. 程度/力度;(事物的)最高点
n. 音高

131
Q

pitcher

A

n. 大水罐/水壶

132
Q

pivot

A

n. 枢轴;中心点/重点 (axis;focus/center)

133
Q

pivotal

A

adj. 枢轴的/关键的 (central/fundamental/important)

134
Q

a pivotal figure

A

关键人物

135
Q

plagiarism

A

n. 剽窃/抄袭 (copying/imitation)

136
Q

plague

A

n. 瘟疫/灾祸 (epidemic/disease)
vt. 折磨/使苦恼 (afflict/bother/annoy)

137
Q

plain

A

n. 平原/草原 (plateau/prairie)
adj. 简单的/朴素的 (unadorned/simple)

138
Q

plainly

A

adv. 清楚地/明显地 (clearly/expressly)

139
Q

plainspoken

A

adj. 直言不讳的

140
Q

floodplain

A

n. 泛滥平原/涝原/漫滩

141
Q

planet

A

n. 行星

142
Q

plank

A

n. 厚木板 (board/lumber)

143
Q

plantation

A

n. 种植园 (farm)

144
Q

plasma

A

n. 血浆

145
Q

plaster

A

n. 灰泥/石膏
vt. 涂抹 (smear)

146
Q

plate

A

n. 盘子;版图;大片平面 (covering/plane)

147
Q

platelike

A

adj. 层状的

148
Q

tinplate

A

n. 镀锡铁皮/马口铁

149
Q

plateau

A

n. 高原/高地 (highland/upland)

150
Q

platform

A

n. 月台/平台/讲坛 (stage)

151
Q

platitudinous

A

adj. 陈词滥调的/陈腐的 (trite/commonplace)

152
Q

playwright

A

n. 剧作家

153
Q

pleasing

A

adj. 令人高兴的/愉快的/合意的 (attractive/comfortable)

154
Q

pleasure

A

n. 快乐

155
Q

pliable

A

adj. 易弯的/柔软的 (malleable/lithe)
adj. 易受影响的;柔顺的 (tractable/docile)

156
Q

pliant

A

adj. 顺从的;可弯曲的 (flexible/bendable)

157
Q

plight

A

n. (恶劣的)情势/困境 (misfortune/predicament)

158
Q

plow

A

n. 犁
vt. 耕作 (cultivate/farm)

159
Q

plumage

A

n. 鸟类羽毛 (feathers)

160
Q

plumb

A

adj. 垂直的 (perpendicular/vertical)

161
Q

plumbing

A

n. (供水)管道系统

162
Q

plump

A

adj. 胖嘟嘟的/丰满的 (chubby/fat)

163
Q

plunge

A

vi. 跳进;投入/陷入 (dive/submerge)

164
Q

pocketbook

A

n. 钱袋/皮夹 (purse/wallet)

165
Q

polarize

A

vt. 使极化/使两极分化

166
Q

polish

A

vt. 擦亮 (shine/burnish)
n. 光泽;上光剂 (shine;glaze)

167
Q

ploished

A

adj. 擦亮的 (burnished/gleaming)

168
Q

politics

A

n. 政治;政见;政治学

169
Q

poll

A

n. 选举之投票;民意测验 (voting;survey)

170
Q

pollinate

A

vt. 对…授粉 (fertilize/pollenate)

171
Q

pollination

A

n. 授粉

172
Q

pollen

A

n. 花粉

173
Q

pollute

A

vt. 污染;玷污 (contaminate;defile/profane)

174
Q

pollution

A

n. 污染;玷污 (contamination)

175
Q

pollutant

A

n. 污染物质

176
Q

polygon

A

n. 多边形

177
Q

polygonal

A

adj. 多角形的/多边形的

178
Q

popular

A

adj. 流行的/受欢迎的 (well-liked/favorite)

179
Q

popular tune

A

流行歌曲

180
Q

popularity

A

n. 流行/受大众欢迎

181
Q

populous

A

adj. 人口稠密的/人口多的 (crowded/populated)

182
Q

porcelain

A

n. 瓷器/瓷 (china)

183
Q

pore

A

n. 小孔/气孔 (hole/opening)

184
Q

pole

A

n. 柱子;杆子;棍;杖
n. (南北)极;磁极/电极

185
Q

tadpole

A

n. 蝌蚪

186
Q

porous

A

adj. 可渗透的/多孔的 (permeable)

187
Q

portable

A

adj. 编携的/手提的;轻便的 (mobile;light)

188
Q

portend

A

vt. 预兆/预示 (herald/foreshadow)

189
Q

portion

A

n. 一部分;部分 (part/section/segment)

190
Q

portrait

A

n. 肖像/画像;描写 (portraiture;picture)

191
Q

portraitist

A

n. 肖像画家

192
Q

portray

A

vt. 描述;绘制 (depict/describe/draw)

193
Q

portrayal

A

n. 饰演;描画

194
Q

pose

A

vt. 形成/引起 (cause)
n. 姿势/姿态 (posture/stance)

195
Q

posture

A

n. 姿势/体态 (pose)

196
Q

positive

A

adj. (电)阳极的
adj. 肯定的;积极的 (definite)

197
Q

possess

A

vt. 拥有/占有 (have/own)

198
Q

possession

A

n. 拥有/占有;财产 (ownership/belongings/estate)

199
Q

post

A

vt. 张贴/揭示 (publicize/advertise)
n. 柱;邮件 (column/pole;mail)

200
Q

poster

A

n. 海报/招贴 (placard)

201
Q

postmaster

A

n. 邮局局长

202
Q

postage

A

n. 邮资

203
Q

postal

A

adj. 邮政的/邮局的

204
Q

postal service

A

邮政服务

205
Q

postcard

A

n. 明信片

206
Q

postgraduate

A

n. 研究生

207
Q

postwar

A

adj. 战后的

208
Q

postoperative

A

adj. 手术后的

209
Q

posthumous

A

adj. 死后的/身后的

210
Q

postpone

A

vt. 推迟/使延期 (put off/delay/defer)

211
Q

postulate

A

vt. 要求;假定 (assume/presume)

212
Q

pot

A

n. 罐/壶 (kettle/bottle)

213
Q

coffeepot

A

n. 咖啡壶

214
Q

teapot

A

n. 茶壶

215
Q

pottery

A

n. 陶器/陶器场

216
Q

potted

A

adj. 盆栽的;瓶或罐装的

217
Q

potent

A

adj. 强有力的/有效的 (powerful/effective)

218
Q

potential

A

adj. 可能的;潜在的 (possible/latent)

219
Q

potentiality

A

n. 潜能/潜力

220
Q

pound

A

n. 磅/英镑
vt. 强烈打击 (hit/strike)

221
Q

poverty

A

n. 贫困 (lack of money/indigence/destitution)

222
Q

propery

A

n. 财产/所有权

223
Q

practicable

A

adj. 行得通的/可以实行的 (feasible/workable)

224
Q

practical

A

adj. 实际的/实践的;实用的 (pragmatic/useful)

225
Q

practically

A

adv. 实际上;几乎/简直 (virtually/actually;almost)

226
Q

practicality

A

n. 实用性

227
Q

inpractical

A

adj. 不切实际的

228
Q

impracticality

A

n. 不切实际/办不到

229
Q

prairie

A

n. 大草原

230
Q

preach

A

v. 布道;鼓吹 (advocate/sermonize)

231
Q

precarious

A

adj. 不稳定的;危险的 (doubtable/unstable;dangerous/hazardous)

232
Q

precaution

A

n. 预防措施/警惕 (prevention)

233
Q

precede

A

vt. 在…之前/早于;优先于 (come before/antecede)

234
Q

precedent

A

n. 先例 (example/pattern)

235
Q

unprecedented

A

adj. 空前的 (unexampled/unparalleled)

236
Q

preceding

A

adj. 在前的 (ahead/prior to)

237
Q

precious

A

adj. 宝贵的/珍贵的 (valued/valuable/costly)

238
Q

precipitate

A

vt. 使…突然发生
adj. 鲁莽的;草率的;仓促的
n. 降雨

239
Q

precipitous

A

adj. 陡峭的 (extremely steep/abrupt)

240
Q

precision

A

n. 精确/精密度 (exactness/accuracy)

241
Q

precursor

A

n. 先驱/先行者;先兆 (forerunner;harbinger)

242
Q

predatory

A

adj. 掠夺的;食肉的 (carnivorous)

243
Q

predator

A

n. 食肉动物

244
Q

predecessor

A

n. 前辈/前任 (forerunner)

245
Q

predict

A

vt. 预言/预告 (forecast/foretell)

246
Q

predictive

A

adj. 预言性的/成为先兆的 (prophetic)

247
Q

predictable

A

adj. 可预见的 (expectable/likely)

248
Q

predictability

A

n. 可预言 (likelihood)

249
Q

predominate

A

vt. 统治/成为主流 (control/rule)

250
Q

predominant

A

adj. 支配的/主要的 (principal/dominant/overpowering)

251
Q

prefabricated

A

adj. 预制的

252
Q

preferable

A

adj. 更可取的/更好的 (favored/better)

253
Q

preference

A

n. 偏爱;优先;优先权 (inclination/attachment/favorite)

254
Q

pregnant

A

adj. 怀孕的

255
Q

prehistoric

A

adj. 史前的 (ancient/primitive/prehistorical)

256
Q

preliminary

A

adj. 预备的/初步的 (initial/introductory/preparatory)

257
Q

premature

A

adj. 不成熟的;过早的 (too soon/too early)

258
Q

premium

A

n. 保险金;奖金
adj. 高级的/高价的 [a premium price]

259
Q

preoccupation

A

n. 主要考虑因素;全神贯注/抢先占据 (concern/involvement)

260
Q

preponderance

A

n. (数量或力量上的)优势 (superiority)

261
Q

prerequisite

A

n. 先决条件 (requirement/necessity)
adj. 首要必备的

262
Q

prescribe

A

vt. 指示/规定 (dictate/guide)
vt. 开药方

263
Q

prescribed

A

adj. 规定的 (set/certain/stated)

264
Q

prescription

A

n. 药方/处方 (instruction/order)

265
Q

presence

A

n. 出席/到场

266
Q

preserve

A

vt. 保存 (uphold/retain/maintain/save)

267
Q

preservative

A

n. 防腐剂

268
Q

preservation

A

n. 保存/贮藏;保护 (conservation;protection)

269
Q

presidency

A

n. 总统职位;总统任期

270
Q

presidential election

A

总统选举

271
Q

preside over

A

主持

272
Q

pressure

A

n. 压力;压迫 (stress/tension)

273
Q

prestige

A

n. 威望/声望 (fame/reputation)

274
Q

prestigious

A

adj. 有名望的/有威信的 (honored/respected/reputed)

275
Q

presumably

A

adv. 推测起来/大概 (assumedly/supposedly)

276
Q

pretension

A

n. 自大/自负 (claim/assertion)

277
Q

prevailing

A

adj. 流行的/盛行的 (most frequent/widespread/predominant)

278
Q

prevail

A

vi. 盛行/居主导地位 (dominate/predominate)

279
Q

prevalent

A

adj. 普遍的;流行的 (common;broadly accepted/prevailing)

280
Q

prey

A

n. 被掠食者/牺牲者/食物 (victim/food)
vi. 捕食/掠夺 (hunt/victimize)

281
Q

osprey

A

n. 鱼鹰

282
Q

primal

A

adj. 原始的;最初的 (primeval;initial)
adj. 最重要的

283
Q

primate

A

n. 灵长目动物
adj. 首要的/第一的

284
Q

prime

A

adj. 主要的 (primary/principal/main)
n. 鼎盛时期 (peak)

285
Q

primary

A

adj. 第一位的/主要的 (principal/prime/fundamental)

286
Q

primitive

A

adj. 远古的/原始的 (rudimentary/primeval)

287
Q

primordial

A

adj. 原始的/最初的 (primeval/primitive/fundamental)

288
Q

priority

A

n. 优先/优先权 (preference/precedence)

289
Q

pristine

A

adj. 崭新的/未开发的 (unspoiled/pure)

290
Q

privilege

A

vt. 给与…特权/特免
n. 特权

291
Q

probe

A

vi. 调查/查究 (detect/find out)

292
Q

proceed

A

vi. 进行/继续下去 (continue/advance)

293
Q

proceeds

A

n. (pl)收益

294
Q

proceeding

A

n. 行动;进行

295
Q

process

A

n. 过程
vt. 加工

296
Q

proclaim

A

vt. 声明/宣告 (declare/announce)

297
Q

proclivity

A

n. 倾向/癖好 (tendency/disposition/inclination)

298
Q

prod

A

vt. 戳/刺 (poke)
vt. 刺激/激励 (stimulate;urge)[prod sb. Into]

299
Q

prodigious

A

adj. 巨大的/惊人的;挥霍的 (huge/amazing)

300
Q

prodigy

A

n. 非凡之人/天才 (marvel/genius/talent)

TOEFL Vocabulary (18 decks)

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