Topic #7: Integumentary System

Question 1

What are the components of the Integumentary System?

Answer 1

Cutaneous Membrane & Subcutaneous Layer (Hypodermis)

Question 2

What are the functions of the Integumentary System?

Answer 2

Protection, temp maintenance, synthesis and storage of nutrients, sensory reception, excretion or secretion

Question 3

Describe the Epidermis

Answer 3

Stratified Squamous Epithelium
-Several distinct layers

Question 4

How many layers (epidermis) of skin do we have on our palms and soles?

Answer 4

5 layers

Question 5

How many layer are there for the rest of the body (apart from thick skin)?

Answer 5

4 layers

Question 6

What are the cell layers of the Epidermis?

Answer 6

Stratum Basale (Germinating), Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Lucidum (in thick skin only), Stratum Corneum

Question 7

What is the basale cell layer?

Answer 7

Cell Division layer, source of replacement cells

Question 8

What is the function of Melanocytes?

Answer 8

Synthesize melanin

Question 9

What are the sources of Skin Color?

Answer 9

Melanin, Carotene, Hemoglobin

Question 10

Define Melanin

Answer 10

Provides UV protection, gives reddish-brown to brown-black color

Question 11

Define Carotene

Answer 11

Provides orange-yellow color, provided from Diet

Question 12

Define Hemoglobin

Answer 12

Blood pigment

Question 13

What are the cell layers of the dermis?

Answer 13

Papillary Layer, Reticular Layer

Question 14

What is the papillary layer of the dermis?

Answer 14

Loose connective tissue, underlies epidermis

Question 15

What is the Reticular Layer of the Dermis?

Answer 15

Dense connective tissue, underlies papillary layer

Question 16

What are Epidermal Accessory Organs

Answer 16

Sweat Galnds

Question 17

Which organ systems do other dermal components communicate with?

Answer 17

Nervous, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic

Question 18

Defined the Subcutaneous Layer

Answer 18

Hypodermis, Stabilizes Skin position, thermal insulation, cushions organs, (deposit of) Hypodermic Needles

Question 19

What is the Hypodermis?

Answer 19

Loose connective tissue, adipose tissue

Question 20

What are the Accessory Structures of the Hair Follicle?

Answer 20

Hair, Shaft, Medulla, Cortex, Cuticle, Arrector Pili Muscle

Question 21

What is the Arrector Pili Muscle responsible for?

Answer 21

Goosebumps, your hair standing up

Question 22

What are the Accessory structures of the Sebaceous glands (oil glands)?

Answer 22

Holocrine gland, Oily secretion (sebum), Hair shaft lubricant

Question 23

How is an ingrown hair formed?

Answer 23

skin covers hair, bounces back to hair follicle (becomes a pimple like structure)

Question 24

What is the Apocrine Gland?

Answer 24

PUBERTY SMELL, associated with hair: Odorous secretion, absent before puberty, present in axilla (armpits), thoracic (chest), groin

Question 25

What is the Merocrine Gland?

Answer 25

Regular Sweat (while not associated with hair): Water Sweat (~1% NaCl), for heat loss, widely presented in skin

Question 26

What are the accessory structures of nails?

Answer 26

Nail body, bed, root, cuticle, lunula

Question 27

What is the nail bed?

Answer 27

What's underneath the nil

Question 28

What is the nail root?

Answer 28

Where it grows, behind the cuticle.

Question 29

What is the cuticle also called?

Answer 29

Epponychium

Question 30

What is the lunula?

Answer 30

Gives the nail a beach look (visible half moon shaped area)