Trauma Imaging Review Flashcards
What is trauma?
- A sudden, unexpected dramatic event
- Incorporates a range of conditions
In trauma imaging, how does one approach the standard projections that are part of the routine protocol for imaging different body parts?
Adaptation (to patient)
What are the differences among the four levels of hospitals?
Level 1 –
Level 2 –
Level 3 –
Level 4 -
***What are the different types of forces associated with trauma imaging?
- Blunt trauma (MVA, collisions, falls & aggravated assault)
- Penetrating trauma (gun shot wounds, stab wounds, impalement injuries, foreign body ingestion & aspiration)
- Explosive trauma (pressure shock waves, high-velocity projectiles & burns)
***What is Principle 1 for trauma imaging?
2 projections 90 degrees to each other with true CR-part-IR alignment
- Angling of CR and IR as needed - Consider patient’s condition
***What is Principle 2 of trauma imaging?
Entire structure is included on image
- Selection of IR size
- Secondary fractures
- Joint nearest fracture site
What is Principle 3 of trauma imaging?
To maintain safety for patients, healthcare workers and the public
- Side rails - ALARA principle
Fracture Terms 9-29:
-Dislocation or luxation
-Bone displaced from joint
***-Subluxation or partial dislocation
-Abnormal shape or alignment
Sprain
Twisting of a joint resulting in partial rupture or tearing of ligaments w/o dislocation
Fracture
Break in a bone
Apposition
Alignment or disalignment describing the relationship of the long axes of fx fragments
Anatomic apposition
Fragmented ends make end-to-end contact
***Lack of apposition or distraction
Fragmented ends are aligned but pulled apart
Bayonet apposition
Fragments overlap and shafts make contact (fracture ends do not)
Angulation
Loss of alignment of fracture
Apex
Direction or angle of apex of fracture
***Varus deformity
Distal part of distal fragment angled toward midline of body (lateral apex – points away)
Valgus deformity
Distal part of distal fragment angled away from midline (apex pointed toward midline)
***Simple/closed
Bone does not break through skin
Compound/open
Portion of bone protrudes through skin
Incomplete
Fracture does not traverse through entire bone
Complete
Break is complete and broken into 2 pieces
Torus or Buckle
Buckling of cortex with localized expansion and no complete break in cortex
