U6 Flashcards
(145 cards)
1
Q
abandon
A
/əˈbændən/
MEANINGS 义项
1.to leave someone, especially someone you are responsible for抛弃，遗弃〔某人〕
RELTD abandoned
•How could she abandon her own child? 她怎么能抛弃自己的孩子呢？
2.to go away from a place, vehicle etc permanently, especially because the situation makes it impossible for you to stay
离弃，逃离〔某地方、交通工具等〕
RELTD abandoned
SYN leave
•We had to abandon the car and walk the rest of the way. 我们只好弃车，步行走完剩下的路。
•Fearing further attacks, most of the population had abandoned the city. 因为害怕还要受到袭击，大多数市民已逃离该市。
3.to stop doing something because there are too many problems and it is impossible to continue放弃，中止
•The game had to be abandoned due to bad weather. 由于天气不好，比赛不得不中止。
•They abandoned their attempt to recapture the castle. 他们放弃了夺回城堡的努力。
•Because of the fog they abandoned their idea of driving. 因为有雾，他们打消了开车去的念头。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
abandonment n [U]
abandon 2 n. [U ]
if someone does something with abandon, they behave in a careless or uncontrolled way, without thinking or caring about what they are doing尽情；放任
with reckless/wild abandon
•They drank and smoked with reckless abandon. 他们纵情地喝酒抽烟，毫无顾忌。
2
Q
accumulation
A
n. 积聚，累积；堆积物
3
Q
attached
A
adj. 附加的；依恋的，充满爱心的
v. 附上（attach的过去分词
4
Q
attachment
A
n. 附件；依恋；连接物；扣押财产
n. 附件；依恋；连接物；扣押财产
5
Q
form attachment
A
产生感情
6
Q
barbed-wire
A
带刺铁丝的
7
Q
binoculars
A
双筒望远镜
8
Q
blissful
A
/ˈblɪsf ə l/ 1.extremely happy or enjoyable 极其幸福的；乐而忘忧的 THESAURUS happy •blissful sunny days 阳光下无忧无虑的日子 2.blissful ignorance a situation in which you do not yet know about something unpleasant 对〔不幸的事〕毫不察觉；无知的幸福 DERIVATIVE 派生词 blissfully adv •Jean seems blissfully happy. 吉恩好像生活得极其幸福。 •blissfully unaware of the impending danger 因对将临的危险一无所知而无忧无虑的
9
Q
brim
A
/brɪm/
1.the bottom part of a hat that sticks out to protect you from sun and rain帽檐，帽边
→ see picture at 见 hat
•an old straw hat with a broad brim 一顶旧的宽边草帽
2.the top edge of a container
〔容器的〕口，边沿
•She filled each glass to the brim. 她把每个杯子都斟得满满的。
filled/full to the brim (=completely full)倒满的
•The cup was filled to the brim with coffee. 杯子里倒了满满的一杯咖啡。
brim 2 v. [I ]
pp: brimmed pt: brimmed pres part: brimming
1.if your eyes brim with tears, or if tears brim from your eyes, you start to cry
〔眼里〕含满〔泪水〕；〔泪水〕充盈
•Her tears brimmed over again as she started to speak. 她一张口说话，泪水再次夺眶而出。
[+ with]
•Her eyes brimmed with tears. 她双眼噙满泪水。
2.be brimming (over) with sth
to have a lot of a particular thing, quality, or emotion充满〔某种事物、品质或情感〕
•The flowerbeds were brimming over with flowers. 花坛里开满了鲜花。
•He seemed to be brimming with confidence . 他好像充满信心。
•Rob was just brimming with enthusiasm. 罗布满腔热情。
10
Q
brim over
A
溢出
11
Q
bug
A
/bʌɡ/
1.informal an illness that people catch very easily from each other but is not very serious小病；轻微的传染病
THESAURUS illness
•There’s a nasty bug going round (= that a lot of people have caught ) . 现在流行着一种很烦人的传染病。
•a 24-hour flu bug 一天即愈的流感
catch/pick up/get a bug
•I picked up a bug last weekend. 上个周末我生了一场小病。
tummy/stomach bug (=illness affecting your stomach)胃部不适
•He’s off work with a stomach bug. 他胃不舒服没有上班。
2.a small insect小虫子
3.a fault in the system of instructions that operates a computer
〔计算机程序的〕故障，毛病
THESAURUS fault
→ debug
•a bug in the software 软件上的一个问题
bug 2 v. [T ]
pp: bugged pt: bugged pres part: bugging
1.informal to annoy someone打扰；激怒；使厌烦
•It just bugs me that I have to work so many extra hours for no extra money. 我得加班那么长时间，却拿不到分文加班工资，这使我很恼火。
•The baby’s crying is really bugging him. 婴儿的哭闹实在让他心烦。
2.to put a bug (= small piece of electronic equipment ) somewhere secretly in order to listen to conversations给…装窃听器；窃听
•Do you think the room is bugged? 你认为这房间装了窃听器吗？
12
Q
carve
A
/kɑːv/
1.MAKE OBJECT OR PATTERN 雕刻物件或图案
[T] to make an object or pattern by cutting a piece of wood or stone
雕，刻
RELTD carving
•carved wooden chairs 木雕椅子
carve sth out of/from sth
•a statue carved from a single block of marble 独块大理石雕成的雕像
2.CUT STH INTO A SURFACE 把某物刻在表面上
[T] to cut a pattern or letter on the surface of something刻〔图形或字母〕
carve sth on/in/into sth
•Someone had carved their initials on the tree. 有人将自己姓名的首字母刻在树上。
3.CUT MEAT 切肉
[I,T] to cut a large piece of cooked meat into smaller pieces using a knife
把〔熟肉〕切成小块；〔从熟肉上〕割下薄片
THESAURUS cut
•Carve the meat into slices. 把肉切成片。
•Who’s going to carve? 谁来切肉？
PHRVB 短语动词
carve sb/sth ←→ upphr v
to divide land, a company etc into smaller parts and share it between people – used especially to show disapproval
瓜分，分割〔含贬义〕
•The Ottoman Empire was carved up by Britain and France after World War I. 奥斯曼帝国在第一次世界大战后被英、法两国瓜分了。
•The two companies are attempting to carve up a large slice of America’s publishing industry between them. 这两家公司企图瓜分美国出版业中的一大块肥肉。
to drive past a car and then suddenly move in front of it so that you are too close
快速超车，快速切入别人的行车线
13
Q
carved stone
A
石雕
14
Q
castle
A
/k'ɑːs ə l/ 1.a very large strong building, built in the past as a safe place that could be easily defended against attack 城堡，堡垒 → see picture at 见 house 1 •Edinburgh Castle 爱丁堡城堡 •a ruined castle 破败的城堡 2.one of the pieces used in a game of chess . Each player has two castles, which start the game in the corner squares, and can move only forwards or sideways. 〔国际象棋中的〕车 SYN rook → see picture at 见 chess 3.castles in the air plans or hopes that you have that are unlikely ever to become real 空中楼阁，异想天开，幻想
15
Q
ancient castle
A
古城堡
16
Q
cathedral
A
/kə’θiːdrəl/
the main church of a particular area under the control of a bishop
大教堂；主教座堂；教区总教堂
•
St Paul’s Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂
cathedral city (=one with a cathedral)有主教座堂的城市
17
Q
clumsily
A
adv. 笨拙地；粗陋地
18
Q
dangle
A
/’dæŋɡ ə l/
MEANINGS 义项
1.
[I,T] to hang or swing loosely, or to make something do this
（使）悬垂，（使）吊着，（使）悬荡
[+ from]
•A light bulb dangled from a wire in the ceiling. 一只灯泡悬吊在天花板的一根电线上。
dangle sth in/over etc sth
•I dangled my feet in the clear blue water. 我把双脚悬在清澈碧蓝的水中荡来荡去。
2.dangle sth in front of sb/before sb
to offer something good to someone, in order to persuade them to do something
将某物摆在某人面前
•A good pay package and a company car were dangled in front of her. 优厚的薪酬和公司配车摆在她面前。
19
Q
dangle from one’s neck
A
在……脖子上挂着
20
Q
definitely
A
/’defɪnɪtli, ‘def ə nɪtli,’defɪnətli, ‘def ə nətli/
without any doubt确切地，肯定地
SYN certainly
•‘Do you reckon Margot will be there?’ ‘ Definitely not .’ “你估计玛戈会在那里吗？” “肯定不会。”
•The hotel fitness centre is definitely worth a visit. 这家酒店的健身中心绝对值得一去。
•I definitely need a holiday. 我太需要休假了。
21
Q
dense
A
/dens/
1.made of or containing a lot of things or people that are very close together
茂密的，密集的，稠密的
SYN thick
•a dense rurally-based population 居住在乡村的密集人口
dense undergrowth/forest/woodland/jungle etc
•A narrow track wound steeply up through dense forest. 一条狭窄陡峭的小道穿过茂密的森林蜿蜒而上。
2.difficult to see through or breathe in
浓密的，不易看透[呼吸]的
dense fog/smoke/cloud
•dense black smoke 浓浓的黑烟
3.informal not able to understand things easily
迟钝的，愚蠢的
SYN stupid 【非正式】
•Am I being dense? I don’t quite understand. 是我太笨了吗？我不太明白。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
densely adv
•a densely populated area 人口稠密的地区
denseness n [U]
22
Q
ease
A
/iːz/
1.with ease
if you do something with ease, it is very easy for you to do it
轻易，毫不费劲
SYN easily
•They won with ease. 他们轻松获胜。
•The security codes could be broken with relative ease. 破译那些安全密码相对容易。
•I was impressed by the ease with which the information could be retrieved. 资料能够轻易检索到，这让我印象深刻。
2.at ease
feeling relaxed, especially in a situation in which people might feel a little nervous
不拘束；放松
[+ with]
•She felt completely at ease with Bernard. 她和伯纳德在一起感到很自在。
put/set sb at (their) ease (=make someone feel relaxed)使某人放松[自在]
•She had an ability to put people at their ease. 她有能力让人们感到自在。
3.ill at ease
not relaxed不自在，局促不安
•You always look ill at ease in a suit. 你穿套装看上去总有些不自在。
ease 2 v. W3
1.IMPROVE 改善
[I,T] if something unpleasant eases, or if you ease it, it gradually improves or becomes less减轻；缓解
•measures to ease congestion in the city 改善城市拥堵状况的措施
•Her breathing had eased. 她的呼吸平缓下来。
ease the pain/stress/tension
•He’ll give you something to ease the pain. 他会给你一些药镇痛。
ease the pressure/burden
•This should ease the burden on busy teachers. 这应该能让忙碌的教师减轻负担。
2.MAKE EASIER 使较容易
[T] to make a process happen more easily
使容易些；使顺利些
SYN smooth
•The agreement will ease the way for other countries to join the EU. 该协议将为其他国家加入欧盟扫除障碍。
3.MOVE 移动
[I,T always + adv/prep] to move yourself or something slowly and carefully into another place or position
小心缓慢地移动
•She eased her shoes off. 她小心翼翼地脱下鞋子。
•Jean eased back on the pillows and relaxed. 琼轻轻靠到枕头上休息。
ease yourself into/through etc sth
•He eased himself into a chair. 他轻手轻脚地坐到椅子上。
ease your way past/through etc sth
•He eased his way through the crowd. 他缓缓穿过人群。
PHRVB 短语动词
ease (sb) into sthphr v
1.if you ease yourself or someone else into a new job etc, you start doing it gradually or help them to start使熟悉〔新工作等〕
•After the baby, she eased herself back into work. 生完孩子她又重新开始工作了。
ease offphr v
1.if something, especially something that you do not like, eases off, it improves or gets less〔尤指不称心的事〕减轻
•The rain had eased off a bit. 雨下得小一点了。
•Why don’t you wait until the traffic eases off a little? 为什么不等到路上车少一些再走？
2.ease off on sb to stop being unpleasant to someone or asking so much from them
不再为难某人
ease outphr v
1.if a vehicle eases out, it slowly moves forward into the traffic
〔汽车〕缓慢驶入车道，慢慢上路
2.ease sb ←→ out to make someone leave a job, a position of authority etc, in a way that makes it seem as if they have chosen to leave使某人自动离职
23
Q
at ease
A
- [亦作 at one’s ease] 安适，舒适，舒坦；安逸，自在；不拘束，不拘礼；泰然自若
- 【军事】
- 稍息(口令)
- 稍息姿势
24
Q
echo
A
/’ekəʊ
1.[I] if a sound echoes, you hear it again because it was made near something such as a wall or hill〔声音〕回响，发出回声
•The sound of an engine echoed back from the thick forest. 从茂密的森林里传来引擎的回声。
[+ through/round]
•He could hear eerie noises echoing through the corridors. 他听见恐怖的声响在走廊里回荡。
2.[I] if a place echoes, it is filled with sounds that are repeated or are similar to each other〔场所〕充满回声
[+ with]
•The house echoed with the sound of children’s voices. 屋子里回荡着孩子们的说话声。
3.[T] literary to repeat what someone else has just said重复〔别人的话〕
•‘You bet,’ she said, echoing his words. “当然啦。她重复着他的话。
echo 2 n. [C ]
pl: echoes
1.a sound that you hear again after a loud noise, because it was made near something such as a wall回声，回音
•Her scream was followed by a loud echo. 她的尖叫声过后是响亮的回声。
2.something that is very similar to something that has happened or been said before
十分相似的东西，如出一辙的事物
•This idea finds an echo in many African countries. 这种观念在许多非洲国家引起了共鸣。
[+ of]
•The article contains echoes of an earlier report. 这篇文章与先前一篇报道如出一辙。
25
familiarity
/fə‚mɪli'ærɪti,fə‚mɪli'ærəti/
1.a good knowledge of a particular subject or place精通，通晓
[+ with]
•In fact his familiarity with the Bronx was pretty limited. 事实上他对布朗克斯区的了解相当有限。
2.the quality of being well-known to you
熟悉；亲切感
•I miss the familiarity of home. 我怀念家的那种亲切感。
3.a relaxed way of speaking to someone or behaving with someone亲切，随和
•He treated her with the easy familiarity of an equal. 他对她亲切随和、平等相待。
26
fascinated
/'fæsɪneɪtɪd,'fæsɪneɪtəd,'fæsəneɪtɪd,'fæsəneɪtəd/
extremely interested by something or someone
被迷住的，被吸引住的；极感兴趣的
•I was fascinated by her voice. 我被她的嗓音迷住了。
fascinated to see/hear/learn etc
•Ed was fascinated to see gorillas in the wild. 看到野外的大猩猩，埃德兴趣盎然。
27
fellow
/'feləʊ/
1.old-fashioned a man男人；家伙
•Paul’s an easy-going sort of fellow. 保罗人很随和。
2.sb’s fellows
old-fashioned people that you work with, study with, or who are in the same situation as you某人的同事[同学，同类]
•Wooderson’s courage earned him the respect of his fellows. 伍德森的勇气赢得了同事的尊敬。
3.a graduate student who has a fellowship in a university〔接受奖学金的〕研究生
→ bedfellow
fellow 2 adj. W3
1.fellow workers/students/countrymen etc
people that you work with, study with, or who are in the same situation as you
同事/同学/同胞等
2.our fellow man/men
other people in general人类
•We all have obligations to our fellow men. 我们每个人都对人类负有责任。
28
fellow students
同学
29
fortress
/'fɔːtrɪs,'fɔːtrəs/
| a large strong building used for defending an important place堡垒
30
fossil
/'fɒs ə l/
1.an animal or plant that lived many thousands of years ago and that has been preserved, or the shape of one of these animals or plants that has been preserved in rock
化石
→ see picture at 见 stone 1 → living fossil
•fossils of early reptiles 早期爬行动物的化石
•Marine sponges have a long fossil record (= their development has been recorded over a long period ) . 海绵动物留下了漫长的化石记录。
2.informal an insulting word for an old person
老古董〔对老年人的蔑称〕
31
frail
```
/freɪl/
1.someone who is frail is weak and thin because they are old or ill
〔因年老或生病而〕瘦弱的，虚弱的，衰弱的
THESAURUS weak
•frail elderly people 年老体衰者
•her frail health 她虚弱的身体
frail body/physique
mentally/physically frail
2.something that is frail is easily damaged or broken不坚实的，不牢固的，易损坏的
SYN fragile
•It seemed impossible that these frail boats could survive in such a storm. 这些单薄的小船看样子经不起这样的狂风暴雨。
•the country’s frail economy 该国疲弱的经济
```
32
front
/frʌnt/
1.the front
PART THAT IS FURTHEST FORWARD 最前部
the part of something that is furthest forward in the direction that it is facing or moving
最前部，最前面
OPP back
[+ of]
•Ricky stepped forward to the front of the stage and began to sing. 里基走到舞台的最前面，开始唱了起来。
the front of the line/queue
•It took ages to get to the front of the queue. 过了很长时间才排到队伍的最前面。
at/in the front (of sth)
•She always sits at the front of the class. 她总是坐在教室的最前面。
•I found a good place on the bus, on the top deck, right at the front. 我在公共汽车上找了个好位置，就在上面一层最前面。
2.the front
SIDE THAT FACES FORWARD 朝前的一面
the front of something is the side or surface that faces forward
正面，前面
OPP back
•He wore an old sweater with a coffee stain down the front. 他穿着一件旧毛衣，前面有一道咖啡渍。
[+ of]
•Harvey ran quickly round the front of the car to try and open the other door. 哈维很快绕过车头去开另一扇车门。
•the control panel on the front of the machine 机器前面的控制面板
3.the front
MOST IMPORTANT SIDE 最重要的一面
the most important side or surface of something, that you look at first正面，头版
OPP back
on the front
•Dean sent me a lovely postcard with a picture of Bolton Abbey on the front. 迪安寄给我一张漂亮的明信片，正面是博尔顿修道院的照片。
[+ of]
•She’s on the front (= a picture of her is on the front ) of this month’s magazine. 她上了本月杂志的封面。
•There’s an introduction at the front of the book (= in the first pages ) . 这本书前面有一篇序言。
Grammar 语法: in front of, opposite
In front of a building means directly outside the front of it and on the same side of the street. in front of a building,Opposite a building means outside the front of it on the other side of a street, area of land etc. opposite a building
是指在建筑物的正前方，在街道的同一边,是指在建筑物的对面，隔着街道、地块等
•The car stopped in front of our hotel. 车子停在我们酒店前面。
•the shops opposite the school 学校对面的商店
front 2 adj. [only before noun 仅用于名词前] S1 W2
1.at, on, or in the front of something
（在）前面的；前部的
OPP back
•Two of his front teeth had been knocked out. 他有两颗门牙被打落了。
•the front cover of ‘Hello!’ magazine 《Hello!》杂志的封面
•the front wheel of his bicycle 他自行车的前轮
•the dog’s front legs 狗的前腿
front door/garden/porch etc (=at the front of a house)前门/前花园/前门廊等
•We walked up the front steps and into the reception area. 我们走上前门的台阶，进入接待区。
front seat/row
•We got there an hour early in order to get seats in the front row. 为了坐到前排座位，我们提前一个小时就到了那里。
2.a front organization is a legal one that is run in order to hide a secret or illegal activity
起掩护作用的，作幌子的
→ front man 1
•a front organization for importing heroin 一个为海洛因输入打掩护的机构
3.technical a front vowel sound is made by raising your tongue at the front of your mouth, such as the vowel sound in ‘see’
〔元音〕舌前位的
RELTD back
front 3 v.
1.[T] if someone fronts something such as a musical group or a television programme, they lead it and are the person that the public sees most
领导〔乐队〕；主持〔电视节目〕
•Fronted by Alan Hull, the band had a number of memorable hits. 乐队在艾伦•赫尔的带领下，创作了许多令人难忘的畅销曲目。
2.[T usually passive,一般用被动态] if a building or area of land is fronted by something, or fronts onto it, it faces that thing面对，面向
•The house was fronted by a large ornamental lake. 房子前面有个很大的景观湖。
•The hotel entrance fronted onto a busy road. 酒店入口对着一条繁华的马路。
3.be fronted by/with sth
to be covered or decorated at the front with something正面饰有某物
•a large building fronted with marble 一幢正面由大理石砌成的大型建筑
33
grass-fronted case
以玻璃罩面的书柜
34
gamekeeper
'ɡeɪmkiːpə/
someone whose job is to look after wild animals and birds that are kept to be hunted on private land
私人猎场看守人
35
glimpse
/ɡlɪmps/
1.a quick look at someone or something that does not allow you to see them clearly
一瞥，瞟一眼
[+ of]
•They caught a glimpse of a dark green car. 他们瞥见一辆深绿色的汽车。
brief/fleeting/quick glimpse (=a very short look)很快的一瞥
•We only had a fleeting glimpse of the river. 我们只是匆匆地看了一眼那条河。
2.a short experience of something that helps you begin to understand it
短暂的感受，短暂的体验
[+ of/into/at]
•a glimpse of what life might be like in the future 未来生活可能是什么样子的一次短暂体验
glimpse 2 v. [T ]
1.to see someone or something for a moment without getting a complete view of them一瞥，看一眼
SYN catch sight of
•I glimpsed a figure at the window. 我瞥见窗前有个身影。
2.to begin to understand something for a moment开始理解
•For the first time she glimpsed the truth about her sister. 她第一次了解到有关她姐姐的真实情况。
REGISTER 语体
In everyday English, people often say catch sight of sb/sth rather than glimpse sb/sth . 在日常英语中，人们常常说catch sight of sb/sth，而不说glimpse sb/sth
•I caught sight of him as he was getting into his car. 他上车时我瞥见他了。
36
glom
/ɡlɒm/
pp: glommed pt: glommed pres part: glomming
PHRVB 短语动词
glom onto sthphr vAmE
to become attached to someone or something so strongly that it is difficult to break the attachment
与…紧密结合
•The antibodies glom onto the virus and destroy it. 抗体附着在病毒上将其摧毁。
to be very attracted to an idea, opinion, style etc
非常喜欢〔某种观点、看法、风格等〕
•College students have glommed onto the new African styles. 大学生们深深地迷上了这种新的非洲风格。
37
hike
haɪk/
MEANINGS 义项
1.a long walk in the mountains or countryside
〔在山区或乡间的〕徒步旅行，远足
•a hike in the woods 林间远足
2.informal a large increase in prices, wages, taxes etc〔价格、工资、税款等的〕大幅度上升
SYN rise especially AmE 【尤美，非正式】
[+ in]
•The president has proposed a hike in the minimum wage. 总统提议大幅度提升最低工资。
price/rate/tax etc hikes
•Several airlines have proposed fare hikes, effective October 1. 有几家航空公司已打算大幅提高机票价格，自10月1日起实施。
3.take a hike
spoken used to tell someone rudely to go away滚开
hike 2 v.
1.[I,T] to take a long walk in the mountains or countryside（在…）徒步旅行，远足
THESAURUS walk
hike sth
•His dream is to hike the Appalachian Trail. 他的梦想是在阿巴拉契亚山道上徒步旅行。
2.[T] to increase a price, tax etc by a large amount大幅度提高〔价格、税款等〕
SYN raise especially AmE 【尤美】
PHRVB 短语动词
hike sth ←→ upespecially AmE
to lift up a piece of your clothing
提起，拉起〔衣服〕
•She hiked her skirt up to climb the stairs. 她提起裙子上楼。
to increase a price, tax etc by a large amount
大幅度提高〔价格、税款等〕
38
holy
```
/'həʊli/
comp: holier superl: holiest
1.connected with God and religion
（有关）上帝[宗教]的，神圣的
RELTD sacred
THESAURUS religious
•the holy city of Varanasi 圣城瓦拉纳西
2.very religious虔诚的，笃信宗教的
•a holy man 一个虔诚的信徒
3.holy cow/mackerel etc
spoken used to express feelings such as surprise or fear
天啊，上帝呀〔表示惊讶、恐 惧等〕
→ at 见 order →take (holy) orders at 见 order18
```
39
identify
aɪ'dentɪfaɪ,aɪ'dentəfaɪ/
pp: identified pt: identified pres part: identifying 3rd pers sg: identifies
1.to recognize and correctly name someone or something认出，识别〔某人或某物〕
THESAURUS recognize
•He was too far away to be able to identify faces. 他离得太远，没法看面孔认出谁是谁。
•The police took fingerprints and identified the body. 警方采集了指纹，对尸体作了身份确认。
identify sb/sth as sb/sth
•Eyewitnesses identified the gunman as an army sergeant. 目击者确认枪手是一名陆军中士。
•The aircraft were identified as American. 那些飞机被认出是美国的。
2.to recognize something or discover exactly what it is, what its nature or origin is etc确定；发现
•Scientists have identified the gene that causes abnormal growth. 科学家已发现造成畸形发育的基因。
•They identified a number of problem areas. 他们发现了一些出现问题的区域。
3.if a particular thing identifies someone or something, it makes them easy to recognize
表明…的身份
identify sb as sb
•His accent identified him as a Frenchman. 他的口音表明他是法国人。
PHRVB 短语动词
identify withphr v
identify with sb/sth to feel sympathy with someone or be able to share their feelings
认同某人/某物，与某人/某物有同感
•Humans can easily identify with the emotional expressions of chimpanzees. 人类很容易对黑猩猩的情感表达产生共鸣。
•
He identified with our distress. 他体谅我们的痛苦。
identify sb with sth to think that someone is very closely related to or involved with something such as a political group
认为某人与某事物〔如政治派别等〕关系紧密
•
She has always been identified with the radical left. 她一直被认为与左翼激进派别关系密切。
identify sth with sb/sth to think that something is the same as, or closely related to, something else
将某物等同于另一物；认为某物与某人/某物有密切关联
•the attempt to identify crime with poverty and social problems 把犯罪等同于贫穷和社会问题的做法
40
illustration
/‚ɪlə'streɪʃən/
MEANINGS 义项
1.[C] a picture in a book, article etc, especially one that helps you to understand it
〔书籍、文章等中的〕插图，图解
•The book contains 62 pages of illustrations. 这本书有62页插图。
2.[C,U] a story, event, action etc that shows the truth or existence of something very clearly实例，例证
[+ of]
•a striking illustration of 19th-century attitudes to women 19世纪时对待女性态度的鲜明例证
•For the purposes of illustration, some of the more important symptoms are listed below. 下面列出一些更重要的症状作为例证。
3.[U] the act or process of illustrating something
说明；图解，图示
41
immense
/ɪ'mens/
extremely large巨大的
SYN enormous
•People who travel by rail still read an immense amount. 人们坐火车旅行时仍然会读很多书。
•Regular visits from a social worker can be of immense value to old people living alone. 对于独居老人来说，社工的经常探望很重要。
42
insect
/'ɪnsekt/
a small creature such as a fly or ant, that has six legs, and sometimes wings昆虫
•an insect bite 昆虫的叮咬
•flying insects 飞虫
•Don’t forget to bring insect repellant (= a chemical to keep insects away ). 不要忘记带上驱虫剂。
43
instinctively
adv. 本能地
44
invisible
/ɪn'vɪzɪbəl,ɪn'vɪzəbəl/
1.something that is invisible cannot be seen
看不见的OPP visible
•The house was surrounded by trees, and invisible from the road. 这所房子树木环绕，从路上是看不见的。
[+ to]
•The plane is meant to be invisible to radar. 这飞机在雷达上应该监测不到。
•Using a telescope, Galileo discovered stars that were invisible to the naked eye. 伽利略用望远镜发现了肉眼看不到的恒星。
virtually/practically/almost etc invisible 几乎看不到
2.not noticed, or not talked about
未意识到的；避而不谈的；无形的
•There’s an invisible barrier that keeps women out of top jobs. 女性想进入职场高层存在着无形的障碍。
3.invisible earnings/exports/trade etc
money that is made from services and tourism rather than from products
无形收益/输出/贸易等
DERIVATIVE 派生词
invisibly adv
invisibility n /ɪn͵vɪzə-ˋbɪlətɪ ; ɪn‚vɪzɪ'bɪlɪti,ɪn‚vɪzɪ'bɪləti,ɪn‚vɪzə'bɪlɪti,ɪn‚vɪzə'bɪləti / [U]
45
ivory
```
/'aɪv ə ri/
pl: ivories
1.[U] the hard smooth yellowish-white substance from the tusks(= long teeth ) of an elephant象牙（质）
•an ivory chess set 一副象牙国际象棋
2.[U] a yellowish-white colour象牙色，乳白色
•an ivory silk wedding gown 乳白色真丝婚纱
3.[C often plural,常用复数] something made of ivory, especially a small figure of a person or animal
象牙制品〔尤指小型人像或动物像〕
•a collection of ivories 象牙制品藏品
```
46
figures of ivory
象牙雕刻的人物
47
impenetrable
/ɪm'penɪtrəbəl,ɪm'penətrəbəl/
1.impossible to get through, see through, or get into
不能通过的；不能看透的；无法进入的
•The trees formed a dark and impenetrable barrier. 这些树形成了一道无法通过的黑暗屏障。
•the impenetrable blackness of the night 夜晚伸手不见五指的黑
2.very difficult or impossible to understand费解的；不可理解的•impenetrable legal jargon 费解的法律术语
DERIVATIVE 派生词
impenetrably adv
impenetrability n /ɪm͵pɛnətrəˋbɪlətɪ ; ɪm‚penɪtrə'bɪlɪti,ɪm‚penɪtrə'bɪləti,ɪm‚penətrə'bɪlɪti,ɪm‚penətrə'bɪləti / [U]
48
inclined
/ɪn'klaɪnd/
1.be inclined to agree/think/believe etc
to hold a particular opinion, but not very strongly倾向于赞同/认为/相信等
•Arthur has some strange ideas, but on this occasion I’m inclined to agree with him. 阿瑟是有一些奇怪的想法，但这次我倒是倾向于同意他的观点。
2.be inclined to do sth/inclined to sth
to be likely to do something or behave in a particular way
有做某事的意向，倾向于做某事
•Commandos are inclined to shoot first and ask questions later. 突击队员往往会先开枪，然后再问话。
•He was inclined to self-pity. 他爱自怜。
3.
be/feel inclined (to do sth)
to want to do something, but without having a strong desire
想(做某事)〔但愿望不强烈〕
•It was Sunday morning, and she was not inclined to get up yet. 那是星期天早上，她还不想起床。
•You can visit our chatrooms, if you feel so inclined. 你有兴趣的话可以登录我们的聊天室。
49
less inclined to laugh
不想笑；不喜欢笑
50
laurel
月桂树
51
legacy
/'legəsi/
pl: legacies
1.something that happens or exists as a result of things that happened at an earlier time遗留的问题，后遗症
[+ of]
•The invasion left a legacy of hatred and fear. 这次入侵留下的是仇恨和恐惧。
[+ from]
•a legacy from the colonial period 殖民时期遗留下来的问题
2.money or property that you receive from someone after they die遗产，遗赠物
SYN inheritance
•She received a small legacy from her aunt. 她从姨妈那里继承了一小笔遗产。
legacy 2 adj. [only before noun 仅用于名词前]
1.a legacy system, piece of software etc is one that a person or organization continues to use, although more modern ones are available〔系统、软件等〕遗留的，老旧的
2.legacy data
old information that an organization has, especially information that is stored in an old-fashioned way
〔尤指用过时方式存储的〕遗留数据
52
major
/'meɪdʒə/
1.[usually before noun,一般用于名词前] having very serious or worrying results
重大的，严重的
OPP minor
THESAURUS important main
•There is a major problem with parking in London. 在伦敦，停车是个很大的问题。
•The loss of their goalkeeper through injury was a major setback for the team. 守门员因伤缺阵使该队的实力大打折扣。
•He underwent major heart surgery recently. 他最近做了心脏大手术。
•It could have sparked a major confrontation. 此事险些导致一场严重的冲突。
2.[usually before noun,一般用于名词前] very large or important, when compared to other things or people of a similar kind
大的，重要的，主要的
OPP minor
THESAURUS big
•There are two major political parties in the US. 美国有两大政党。
•The government’s major concern is with preventing road accidents. 政府关注的大事是预防道路交通事故。
•Smoking is one of the major causes of cancer. 吸烟是引发癌症的元凶之一。
•the major developments in computer technology 计算机技术的重大进步
•a major road 干道
major role/part/factor etc
•Britain played a major role in the negotiations. 英国在谈判中起了重要作用。
3.[not before noun,不用于名词前] spoken very important非常重要的
•This is major? You got me out of bed for this? 这就叫做重要？你把我从床上叫起来就是为了这个？
显示更多
major 2 n. [C
1.an officer of middle rank in the British or US army or marine s ,or in the US air force
少校
→ drum major
2.the main subject that a student studies at college or university
〔大学的〕主修科目，专业
•Her major is history. 她的主修科目是历史。
3.someone studying a particular subject as their main subject at college or university
〔大学中〕主修某科目的学生，某专业的学生
•She’s a history major. 她是历史专业的学生。
major 3 v.
英
PHRVB 短语动词
major in sthespecially AmE
1.to study something as your main subject at college or university〔在大学〕主修
•He’s majoring in Political Science. 他主修政治学。
major on sthespecially BrE
1.to pay particular attention to one subject or thing
专门研究，着重于〔一个课题或问题〕
•The company is planning to major on offering the machines we need. 这家公司正在计划专门提供我们所需的机械。
53
munch
vt. 用力咀嚼；大声咀嚼
vi. 用力咀嚼；大声咀嚼
n. 用力的咀嚼
54
network
/'netwɜːk/
1.a system of lines, tubes, wires, roads etc that cross each other and are connected to each other网络，网状系统
•Hungary’s telephone network 匈牙利的电话网
•a high-speed European rail network 欧洲的高速铁路网
[+ of]
•an elaborate network of canals 四通八达的运河网
•the network of blood vessels in the body 人体内的血管网
2.a group of radio or television stations,which broadcast many of the same programmes, but in different parts of the same country广播网；电视网
•the four biggest TV networks 四大电视网
•You’re listening to the American Armed Forces Network. 您正在收听的是美军广播电台。
3.a set of computers that are connected to each other so that they can share information
计算机网络
network 2 v. AC
1.[I,T] to connect several computers together so that they can share information
(使)〔计算机〕联网
2.[I] to meet and talk with people who have similar jobs to yours, especially because they may be useful for your work
建立人际关系网
3.[I,T] to broadcast a radio or television 1programme on several different channels at the same time
通过〔电台或电视〕网络播出
55
a network of paths
交织的小路
56
nickname
/'nɪkneɪm/
a name given to someone, especially by their friends or family, that is not their real name and is often connected with what they look like or something they have done
〔尤指给朋友或家人取的〕绰号，外号；诨名
THESAURUS name
•Stephen earned himself the nickname Hawkeye. 斯蒂芬得了个“鹰眼”的绰号。
[+ for]
•We had nicknames for all the teachers. 我们给所有老师都起了外号。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
nickname v [T]
•She was nicknamed Sunny because of her happy nature. 她因生性快乐而被人叫做“开心果”。
57
odds and ends
零星物件
零星物品，零碎东西
[网络] 零碎的工作；零碎；零碎的事情
58
overseas
/‚əʊvə'siːz◂/
to or in a foreign country that is across the sea向国外；在海外，在外国
RELTD abroad
•Chris is going to work overseas. 克里斯要去国外工作。
•Most applications came from overseas. 大部分申请来自海外。
o‧ver‧seas 2 /'əʊvəsiːz,ˋovɚ͵siz/ adj. [only before noun 仅用于名词前] AC
英 /'əʊvəsiːz/
coming from, existing in, or happening in a foreign country that is across the sea
来自海外的，外国来的
RELTD home
•overseas students 外国留学生
•overseas investment 海外投资
59
go overseas
=go abroad
60
patchwork
/'pætʃwɜːk/
1.[U] a type of sewing in which many coloured squares of cloth are stitched together to make one large piece
〔由各色方形布片拼缝而成的〕拼布工艺（品）；拼缝物
•a patchwork quilt 拼布被，百衲被
2.[singular,单数] something that is made up of a lot of different things拼凑[混杂]之物
[+ of]
•a patchwork of woods and fields, typical of the English countryside 树林和田野纵横交错，一派典型的英国乡村景象
•The area was a patchwork of local industries. 该地区是本地各家企业的集中地。
61
pheasant
/'fez ə nt/
a large bird with a long tail, often shot for food, or the meat of this bird
雉，野鸡；野鸡肉
62
pillar
'pɪlə/
1.a tall upright round post used as a support for a roof or bridge 柱子，墩
•Eight massive stone pillars supported the roof. 八根巨大的石柱支撑起房顶。
a tall upright round post, usually made of stone, put up to remind people of an important person or event 〔通常为石质的〕纪念柱
2.pillar of society/the community/the church etc
somebody who is an important and respected member of a group, and is involved in many public activities
社会/社区/教会等的栋梁[中坚分子]
•Mr Fitzwilliam had been seen as a pillar of the community. 菲茨威廉先生已被视为社区的骨干。
3.a very important part of a system of beliefs or ideas〔信仰或思想的〕支柱，核心
[+ of]
•One of the pillars of a civilized society must be that everyone has equal access to the legal system. 文明社会的基础之一就是法律面前人人平等。
63
potential
/pə'tenʃ ə l/
likely to develop into a particular type of person or thing in the future潜在的，可能的
SYN possible
potential customer/buyer/client
•new ways of attracting potential customers 吸引潜在客户的新方法
potential benefit/problem
•the potential benefits of the new system 新体制的潜在好处
potential danger/threat/risk
•the potential risks to health associated with the drug 这种药物对健康的潜在危害
potential 2 n. [U ] AC W3
1.the possibility that something will develop in a particular way, or have a particular effect〔事物的〕潜力，可能性
[+ for]
•The company certainly has the potential for growth. 那家公司肯定有发展潜力。
[+ of]
•the potential of the Internet to create jobs 因特网创造就业机会的潜力
2.if people or things have potential, they have a natural ability or quality that could develop to make them very good
〔人的〕潜力，潜能
have/show potential
•She has the potential to become a champion. 她有潜力成为冠军。
with potential
•a young player with great potential 一名很有潜力的年轻球员
achieve/fulfil/realize your (full) potential (=succeed as well as you possibly can)发挥你的（全部）潜力
3.technical the difference in voltage between two points on an electrical circuit
电势，电位，电压
64
practically
adv. 实际地；几乎；事实上
65
private
/'praɪvɪt,'praɪvət/
1.NOT FOR THE PUBLIC 不是供大众的
for use by one person or group, not for everyone
私人（用）的；私有的，个人的
OPP public
•Morris has a private jet. 莫里斯拥有一架私人喷气式飞机。
•He made some notes for his private use. 他记了些笔记供自己所用。
•They objected to any form of private property . 他们反对任何形式的私有财产。
2.NOT GOVERNMENT 非政府的
[only before noun,仅用于名词前] not related to, owned by, or paid for by the government
私立的，私营的，民间的
OPP public
•a private hospital 私立医院
•There is private ownership of property in a market economy. 市场经济中存在财产私有制。
•private education 私立教育
go private (=pay for medical treatment instead of getting it free at a public hospital)自付医疗费
3.FOR ONLY A FEW 只为少数人的
a private meeting, conversation etc involves only two people or a small number of people, and is not for other people to know about私下的，不公开的
•I need to have a private discussion with you. 我得和你私下讨论。
•Are you alone? I just wanted a private word. 你是一个人吗？我只是想和你私下里说几句。
THESAURUS 词语辨析
1.private 私下的,私人的
if something is private, you do not want most people to know about it because it concerns your feelings, your relationships etc
•He didn’t want to discuss his private life. 他不愿讨论他的私生活。
•What happens in the bedroom is strictly private. 卧室内发生的事是绝对私密的。
2.personal 个人的,私人的
relating to your private life – used especially about problems, feelings, and questions
•They asked a lot of personal questions. 他们问了许多私人问题。
•She talked about her own personal feelings. 她讲到她的个人感情。
•I’d rather not talk about it – it’s personal. 我不想谈那个,那是私事。
3.secret 秘密的,私密的
used about feelings and thoughts that you do not tell anyone about
•Barclay had a secret desire to become an actor. 巴克利私下里希望成为一名演员。
•His secret fear was that Jenny would leave him. 他暗自担心珍妮会离他而去。
private 2 n.
1.in private
without other people being present
私下地，单独地
•I need to speak to you in private. 我得和你单独说说。
2.[C] a soldier of the lowest rank
列兵，二等兵〔级别最低的士兵〕
3.privates
[plural,复数] informal [object Object] private parts私处，阴部
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paradise
/'pærədaɪs/
1.[U] a place or situation that is extremely pleasant, beautiful, or enjoyable
极乐（世界）；至美，至福
•a beautiful tropical paradise 美丽的热带乐园
•The hotel felt like paradise after two weeks of camping. 两个星期的野营之后，酒店让人感觉像是天堂。
•A home near the sea is my idea of paradise. 靠近海边的家是我理想中的天堂。
2.[singular,单数] a place that has everything you need for doing a particular activity
〔所需物一应俱全的〕乐园，乐土
•The market is a shopper’s paradise. 这个市场是购物者的乐园。
[+ for]
•Hawaii is a paradise for surfers. 夏威夷是冲浪者的天堂。
3.Paradise
[singular]
in some religions, a perfect place where people are believed to go after they die, if they have led good lives 天堂，天国
according to the Bible, the garden where the first humans, Adam and Eve, lived 伊甸园
→ bird of paradise → at 见 fool →be living in a fool’s paradise at 见 fool9
67
proceed
/prə'siːd/
1.formal to continue to do something that has already been planned or started
继续进行，继续做
•Before proceeding further, we must define our terms. 我们必须先定义术语，然后再往下展开。
[+ with]
•The government was determined to proceed with the election. 政府决心继续进行选举。
2.formal to continue继续
•Work is proceeding according to plan . 工作正在按计划进行。
3.proceed to do sth
to do something after doing something else first – used sometimes to express surprise or annoyance
接着做，继而做〔有时用于表示感到意外或恼怒〕
•Sammy took off his coat and proceeded to undo his boots. 萨米脱掉了外衣，接着又解开靴子。
PHRVB 短语动词
proceed against sbphr v
1.to begin a legal case against someone
起诉〔某人〕，对〔某人〕提起诉讼
proceed from sthphr v
1.to happen or exist as a result of something
源于[出自]某事物
•ideas that proceed from a disturbed state of mind 心烦意乱时产生的想法
proceed to sthphr v
1.if you proceed to the next part of an activity, job etc, you do or take part in the next part of it进而做[参加]
•players who proceed to the finals of the competition 进入决赛的选手
REGISTER 语体
In everyday English, people usually say go ahead rather than proceed . 在日常英语中,人们一般说 go ahead ,而不说 proceed
•They decided to go ahead with the project. 他们决定继续进行该项目。
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property
/'prɒpəti/
pl: properties
1.[U] the thing or things that someone owns
所有物；资产，财产
•The hotel is not responsible for any loss or damage to guests’ personal property . 宾馆对住客个人财物的丢失和损坏概不负责。
•Some of the stolen property was found in Mason’s house. 在梅森家里找到了部分被盗财物。
2.[C,U] a building, a piece of land, or both together房产；地产；房地产
•Property prices have shot up recently. 最近房地产价格暴涨。
•the property market 房地产市场
•a sign saying ‘ Private Property . Keep Out.’ 写有“私人宅邸，非请莫入”的标牌
•property taxes 物业税
commercial/residential property 商业/住宅房产
3.[C usually plural,一般用复数] a quality or power that a substance, plant etc has
特性，性质，属性
SYN quality,characteristic
a herb with healing properties 具有治疗功效的药草
physical/chemical etc properties
•the chemical properties of a substance 一种物质的化学特性
→ lost property → real property → intellectual property
69
regarding
/rɪ'ɡɑːdɪŋ/
formal
a word used especially in letters or speeches to introduce the subject you are writing or talking about
关于〔尤用于信函或演说中〕
SYN concerning,with regard to 【正式】
THESAURUS about
•Regarding your recent inquiry, I have enclosed a copy of our new brochure. 关于你最近的咨询，我随信附上一本我们最新的手册。
70
rewarding
/rɪ'wɔːdɪŋ/
making you feel happy and satisfied because you feel you are doing something useful or important, even if you do not earn much money值得做的，有益的，有意义的
RELTD satisfying worthwhile
•Teaching can be a very rewarding career. 教书可以是一种很有意义的职业。
71
rewarding friendship
使人受益匪浅的友谊
72
roam
/rəʊm/
1.[I,T] to walk or travel, usually for a long time, with no clear purpose or direction
闲逛，漫步；漫步于
RELTD wander
•Chickens and geese roam freely in the back yard. 鸡和鹅在后院随意溜达。
•You shouldn’t let your children roam the streets . 你不应该让孩子在街上游荡。
[+ over/around/about etc]
•The dogs are allowed to roam around. 允许狗四处活动。
roam the countryside/desert/forests etc
•Wild sheep roam the hills. 野羊在山上漫步。
2.[I always + adv/prep, T] if your eyes roam over something, you look slowly at all parts of it〔缓慢地〕打量
•Her eyes roamed the room. 她将房间打量了一遍。
[+ over]
•His eyes roamed over the bookshelves. 他的目光扫过一个个书架。
73
roam the woods
林间散步
74
rocket
/'rɒkɪt,'rɒkət/
1.[C] a vehicle used for travelling or carrying things into space, which is shaped like a big tube火箭
RELTD spacecraft
•The rocket was launched from a space research base. 火箭从一个太空研究基地发射升空。
•a space rocket 航天火箭
2.[C] a weapon shaped like a big tube that is fired at things火箭弹
RELTD missile
•anti-tank rockets 反坦克火箭弹
3.[C] a firework that goes high into the air before exploding into coloured lights
火箭式烟火
rocket 2 v. [I ]
1.if a price or amount rockets, it increases quickly and suddenly
〔价格或数量〕迅速上升，猛涨
•Interest rates rocketed up. 利率飞涨。
rocket (from sth) to sth
•Car sales rocketed from 180 to 2,000 a year. 汽车的年销量从180辆猛增到2,000辆。
2.[always + adv/prep] to move somewhere very fast急速移动SYN shoot
•The train rocketed through the tunnel. 火车高速穿过隧道。
•Larsson’s shot rocketed into the back of the net. 拉森射出的球直飞网底。
3.[always + adv/prep] to achieve a successful position very quickly
迅速取得成功；一举成名
SYN shoot
[+ to]
•Their new album rocketed to number one in the charts. 他们的新专辑跃居排行榜首位。
•Beatty rocketed to stardom after his first film. 贝蒂拍摄首部电影后迅速蹿红。
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rocket off
突然飞出去
76
rustle
/'rʌs ə l/
1.[I,T] if leaves, papers, clothes etc rustle, or if you rustle them, they make a noise as they rub against each other
（使）〔树叶、纸、衣物等〕沙沙作响
•She moved nearer, her long silk skirt rustling around her. 她走近了，真丝长裙窸窣作响。
•He rustled the papers on his desk. 他把桌上的报纸翻得沙沙响。
2.[T] to steal farm animals such as cattle, horses, or sheep
偷〔牧场的牲畜〕
PHRVB 短语动词
rustle sth ←→ upphr v
to make a meal quickly
匆匆地准备〔饭菜〕
•I’ll rustle up a couple of steaks on the barbecue. 我会赶紧在烤架上烤几块牛排。
rustle 2 n. [singular 单数]
the noise made when something rustles
沙沙声，窸窣声
THESAURUS sound
[+ of]
•the rustle of leaves in the wind 风吹树叶的沙沙声
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seemingly
/'siːmɪŋli/
1.appearing to have a particular quality, when this may or may not be true
看上去，表面上，外观上
SYN apparently
•seemingly unrelated bits of information 似乎互不相关的零星信息
seemingly endless/impossible etc
•The new minister was faced with a seemingly impossible task. 这位新上任的大臣面临一项似乎不可能完成的工作。
seemingly unaware/oblivious
•Alice was standing in the street, seemingly oblivious to the rain. 艾丽斯站在街上，似乎没有注意到天在下雨。
2.[sentence adverb,句子副词] formal according to the facts as you know them
看样子，看来SYN apparently 【正式】
•There is seemingly nothing we can do to stop the plans going ahead. 看样子我们无法阻止这些计划的实施。
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seemingly different
貌似不同
79
shortbread
/'ʃɔːtbred/
| a hard sweet biscuit made with a lot of butter黄油甜酥饼干
80
soccer
n. 英式足球，足球
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soul
/səʊl/
1.SB’S SPIRIT 某人的灵魂
[C] the part of a person that is not physical, and that contains their character, thoughts, and feelings. Many people believe that a person’s soul continues to exist after they have died.灵魂
RELTD spirit
•the immortality of the soul 灵魂的不灭
•It was as if those grey eyes could see into the very depths of her soul . 仿佛那双灰眼睛能看到她的灵魂深处。
•the souls of the dead 亡灵
in sb’s soul
•the restlessness deep in his soul 他灵魂深处的躁动不安
2.PERSON 人
[C] used in particular phrases to mean a person（一个）人
happy/sensitive/brave/simple etc soul
•He is really quite a sensitive soul. 他是个非常敏感的人。
not a (living) soul (=no one)一个人也不，谁也不
•I promise I won’t tell a soul. 我保证不告诉任何人。
not a soul in sight/not a soul to be seen
•The night was dark and still, and there was not a soul in sight. 夜又黑又静，不见一个人影。
poor (old) soul (=used to show pity for someone)可怜的人
•The poor old soul had fallen and broken her hip. 这位可怜的老太太跌了一跤，摔断了髋骨。
3.MUSIC 音乐
[U] a type of popular music that often expresses deep emotions, usually performed by black singers and musicians
灵乐
•He listens to a lot of soul. 他经常听灵乐。
•a soul band 灵乐乐队
→ at 见 bare →bare your soul at 见 bare2 → at 见 life →be the life and soul of the party at 见 life16 → at 见 body →keep body and soul together at 见 body13 → at 见 heart →heart and soul at 见 heart2 → at 见 sell →sell your soul (to the devil) at 见 sell9
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sting
/stɪŋ/
pp: stung pt: stung
1.[I,T] if an insect or a plant stings you, it makes a very small hole in your skin and you feel a sharp pain because of a poisonous substance刺，蜇，叮
THESAURUS bite
•He was stung by a bee. 他被蜜蜂蜇了。
A bee, wasp, scorpion, or plant can sting you. For a mosquito or snake, use bite. 蜜蜂、黄蜂、蝎子或植物“蜇”人或“刺”人用 sting；蚊子或蛇“咬”人则用 bite。
2.[I,T] to make something hurt with a sudden sharp pain, or to hurt like this
（使）刺痛，（使）产生〔短时间的〕剧痛
THESAURUS hurt
•Antiseptic stings a little. 消毒剂稍有刺痛感。
•Chopping onions makes my eyes sting. 切洋葱会让我的眼睛感到刺痛。
3.[I,T usually passive,一般用被动态] if you are stung by a remark, it makes you feel upset使感到气愤
•She had been stung by criticism. 批评使她感到很气愤。
sting sb into (doing) sth
•Her harsh words stung him into action. 她严厉的批评刺激他采取了行动。
PHRVB 短语动词
sting sb for sthphr vBrE
to charge someone too much for something
向〔某人〕索取过高的价钱，在…上敲〔某人的〕竹杠
•The garage stung him for £300. 汽车修理厂敲了他 300 英镑竹杠。
to borrow money from someone
向〔某人〕借钱
•Can I sting you for a fiver? 我能跟你借五英镑吗？
sting 2 n.
1.WOUND 伤（口）
[C] a wound or mark made when an insect or plant stings you
刺伤处，蜇伤处
•a bee sting 蜜蜂蜇伤
2.INSECT 昆虫
[C] the sharp needle-shaped part of an insect’s or animal’s body, with which it stings you刺，螫刺，螫针
SYN stinger BrE,AmE 【英】,【美】
3.PAIN 疼痛
[singular,单数] a sharp pain in your eyes or skin, caused by being hit, by smoke etc
刺痛，剧痛
•She felt the sting of tears in her eyes. 她感觉泪水刺痛了眼睛。
显示更多
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sting one's eyes
刺眼
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surround
/sə'raʊnd/
1.[usually passive,一般用被动态] to be all around someone or something on every side环绕，围绕
•He glared at the people who surrounded the tent. 他怒视着围住帐篷的那些人。
be surrounded by sth
•The field was surrounded by trees. 田边树木环绕。
2.be surrounded by sb/sth
to have a lot of a particular type of people or things near you被某类人/某事物围住
•He’s always been surrounded by people who adore him. 他时时刻刻被崇拜者包围。
3.if police or soldiers surround a place, they arrange themselves in positions all the way around it包围，围困 〔某处〕
•Armed police surrounded a house in the High Street. 武装警察包围了大街上的一栋房子。
surround 2 n. [C ]
an area around the edge of something, especially one that is decorated or made of a different material围饰，缘饰
•a solid mahogany fire surround 结实的红木壁炉边饰
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suspect
/sə'spekt/
1.to think that something is probably true, especially something bad
猜想，怀疑，觉得〔某事可能真实，尤指坏事〕
•She strongly suspected he was lying to her. 她非常怀疑他在对她撒谎。
•She’s not going to be very happy about this, I suspect . 我想对于此事她不会太高兴。
suspect (that)
•I suspected that there was something wrong with the engine. 我怀疑发动机出了什么故障。
2.to think that something bad has happened or is happening怀疑〔坏事已发生或正在发生〕
•The doctors suspected pneumonia. 医生怀疑是肺炎。
suspect murder/foul play
•The position of the body led the police to suspect murder. 尸体的姿势让警方怀疑是谋杀。
suspect something/nothing/anything
•He never suspected anything. 他从不存疑心。
3.to think that someone is probably guilty of a crime怀疑 〔某人〕有罪，认为〔某人〕有犯罪嫌疑
•Who do you suspect? 你怀疑谁？
•Pilcher was suspected of giving away government secrets to the enemy. 皮尔彻被怀疑向敌人透露政府机密。
suspect sb of (doing) sth
•He’s suspected of murder. 他有杀人嫌疑。
sus‧pect 2 /'sʌspekt,ˋsʌspɛkt/ n. [C ]
英 /'sʌspekt/
1.someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime〔犯罪〕嫌疑人，可疑分子
•Two suspects were arrested today in connection with the robbery. 有两名与劫案有关的嫌疑人今天被逮捕。
•Police have issued a description of the murder suspect. 警方公布了凶杀案嫌疑犯的特征。
[+ for]
•the two suspects for the robbery 抢劫案的两名嫌疑犯
[+ in]
•a suspect in a burglary case 一宗入室盗窃案的疑犯
main/prime/chief suspect
•Davies is still the chief suspect. 戴维斯仍是首要嫌疑人。
2.the usual suspects
the people or things that are usually involved in or responsible for a particular activity通常涉及的人[物]；常备物品
•a wine shop stocking all the usual suspects: wines from California, France, Australia 一家存有各种常备酒的酒铺，包括加利福尼亚、法国、澳大利亚等地产的葡萄酒
suspect 3 adj.
1.not likely to be completely honest
骗人的；不诚实的
SYN dodgy
•I’ve always thought he was a bit of a suspect character. 我一直认为他这个人有点靠不住。
•The company was involved in some highly suspect business dealings. 该公司参与了一些相当可疑的交易。
2.not likely to be completely true
可疑的；不可信任的；不可靠的
•The two men were convicted on the basis of some highly suspect evidence. 两名男子被定了罪，而定罪证据尚有很大疑点。
3.likely to have problems and not work well
有问题的，运转不好的
•The engine sounded a bit suspect. 引擎听上去有点问题。
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tart
/tɑːt/
1.[C,U] a pie without a top on it, containing something sweet〔顶部不用面皮密封的〕甜馅饼
→ see picture at 见 dessert
apple/treacle/jam etc tart
2.[C] informal an insulting word for a woman who you think is too willing to have sex
荡妇，骚货
3.[C] informal a prostitute妓女
tart 2 adj.
1.food that is tart has a sharp sour taste
酸的
THESAURUS taste
•a tart apple 酸苹果
2.tart reply/remark etc
a reply, remark etc that is sharp and unkind
尖刻的回答/话语等
DERIVATIVE 派生词
tartly adv
•‘I don’t think so!’she replied tartly. “我不这么认为！”她尖刻地回答道。
tartness n [U]
tart 3 v.
PHRVB 短语动词
tart sth ←→ upphr vBrE
to try to make something more attractive by decorating it, often in a way that other people think is cheap or ugly
把…装饰得俗丽
•We’ll need to tart the place up a bit. 我们需要把这里稍稍装饰一下。
tart yourself up/get tarted up if a woman tarts herself up or gets tarted up, she tries to make herself look attractive by putting on nice clothes, make-up etc - often used humorously
〔女性〕打扮自己〔常为幽默用法〕
•She got all tarted up for the party. 她打扮得花枝招展，准备去参加聚会。
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tome
/təʊm/
literary
a large heavy book
大部头著作
88
trespass
/'trespəs/
1.to go onto some-one’s private land without their permission擅闯（私地），擅自进入
THESAURUS enter
[+ on]
•She was arrested for trespassing on government property. 她因擅闯政府属地而被逮捕。
2.old use to do something wrong
做错事
SYN sin 【旧】
PHRVB 短语动词
trespass on sthphr v
to unfairly use more than you should of someone else’s time, help etc for your own advantage过多占用〔别人的时间〕；过多利用〔别人的帮助〕
•It would be trespassing on their hospitality to accept any more from them. 再接受他们的给予就是滥用他们的好意了。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
trespasser n [C]
trespass 2 n.
1.[C,U] the offence of going onto someone’s land without their permission
擅闯私地，擅自进入
•He will be prosecuted for trespass. 他将因擅闯私地而被起诉。
2.[C] biblical something you have done that is morally wrong过错；罪 过
SYN sin 【圣经】
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trunk
```
/trʌŋk/
1.TREE 树
the thick central woody stem of a tree树干
→ see picture at 见 tree
•He left his bicycle leaning against a tree trunk . 他把他的自行车斜靠在树干上。
[+ of]
•the trunk of an old oak tree 老橡树的树干
2.CAR 汽车
the part at the back of a car where you can put bags, tools etc
〔汽车后部的〕行李箱，后备箱
SYN boot AmE,BrE 【美】,【英】
•Put your suitcase in the trunk. 把你的手提箱放在后备箱里。
3.ELEPHANT 大象
the very long nose of an elephant象鼻
→ suitcase
```
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tutor
/'tjuːtə/
1.someone who gives private lessons to one student or a small group, and is paid directly by them家庭教师，私人教师
THESAURUS teacher
•The children were educated at home by a succession of tutors. 这些孩子在家接受教育，连续请过几任家庭教师。
2.a teacher in a British university or college
〔英国大学或学院中的〕助教，导师
RELTD tutorial
•She was my tutor at Durham. 她是我在达勒姆大学时的导师。
tutor 2 v. [T ]
to teach someone as a tutor
给…当家庭教师；指导
THESAURUS teach
•He was privately tutored. 他是由家庭教师教的。
tutor sb in sth
•Young men were tutored in the art of handling horses. 年轻男子被教授驭马之术。
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twitter
/'twɪtə/
1.if a bird twitters, it makes a lot of short high sounds〔鸟〕鸣啭，啾啾叫，吱吱叫
2.to talk about unimportant and silly things, usually very quickly and nervously in a high voice唧唧喳喳地说话
twitter 2 n.
1.[singular,单数] the short high sounds that birds make〔鸟的〕鸣啭声，啾啾声，吱吱声
2.be all of a twitter
to be excited and nervous很兴奋；很紧张
•She’s been all of a twitter since her daughter’s engagement. 自从女儿订婚以来，她一直很兴奋。
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vaulted
/'vɔːltɪd,'vɔːltəd/
in the shape of or consisting of several arches joined together拱状的，有拱顶的
vaulted ceiling/roof etc 拱形天花板/屋顶等
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verge
vɜːdʒ/
1.be on the verge of sth
to be at the point where something is about to happen濒于…，即将…
•Jess seemed on the verge of tears. 杰斯似乎差点就要哭了。
•an event which left her on the verge of a nervous breakdown 让她几乎精神崩溃的一件事
•Mountain gorillas are on the verge of extinction. 山地大猩猩濒临绝种。
be on the verge of doing sth
•The show was on the verge of being canceled due to low ratings. 因为收视率太低，这档节目就要被取消了。
2.the edge of a road, path etc路边，路缘
•The car skidded across the road and came to a stop on the grass verge. 汽车滑过路面，在路缘草带上停了下来。
verge 2 v.PHRVB 短语动词
verge on/upon sthphr v
to be very close to a harmful or extreme state接近，濒于〔有害或极端的境地〕
•Many of Lewis’s activities verged on the illegal. 刘易斯的许多活动近乎违法。
•Some of his ideas are verging on the dangerous. 他的有些想法近乎危险
His love of James Dean movies verged on fanaticism. 他对詹姆斯·迪恩影片的喜爱近乎狂热。
94
wary
/'weəri/
someone who is wary is careful because they think something might be dangerous or harmful小心翼翼的，谨慎的
•Keep a wary eye on the weather before you set sail. 出航前要密切注意天气。
•She had a wary expression on her face. 她脸上带着小心谨慎的表情。
be wary of (doing) sth
•I’m a bit wary of driving in this fog. 我有点害怕在这样的雾天开车。
[+ of]
•We must teach children to be wary of strangers. 我们一定要教育孩子警惕陌生人。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
wariness n [singular, U]
•a wariness in her voice 她语气中透出的谨慎
warily adv
• She eyed him warily. 她警惕地看着他。
95
well
/wel/
comp: better superl: best
MEANINGS 义项
1.SATISFACTORILY 满意地
in a successful or satisfactory way
顺利地；令人满意地
•Did you sleep well? 你睡得好吗？
•James reads quite well for his age. 就詹姆斯的年龄来说，他的阅读能力算不错了。
•All the team played very well today. 今天所有队员都打得很不错。
•Simon doesn’t work well under pressure. 有压力时西蒙的工作表现就不好。
•The festival was very well organized. 节庆活动组织得很好。
•The concert went very well. 音乐会进行得非常顺利。
2.THOROUGHLY 彻底地
in a thorough way彻底地，充分地
•Mix the flour and butter well. 把面粉和黄油搅匀。
•I know Birmingham quite well. 我很熟悉伯明翰。
3.A LOT 大大地；远远地
a lot, or to a great degree 大大地；远远地
•It was well after 12 o’clock when they arrived. 他们到达时早过了12点。
•The village is well below sea level. 这个村子远低于海平面。
•The amphitheatre is well worth a visit. 那座露天圆形剧场很值得参观。
•I’m well aware of the problems involved. 我很清楚所涉及的问题。
•I went out and got well and truly (= completely ) drunk. 我出去喝了个烂醉。
[+ before/after/above/below etc]
•Stand well back from the bonfire. 站得离篝火远点。
[+ adj] very 很，非常
•That was well funny! 那太滑稽了！
REGISTER 语体
As well is used mostly in spoken English. In written English, people usually prefer to use also.
as well大多用于英语口语，在英语书面语中，人们一般喜欢用also
•Parents are also welcome. 也欢迎家长参加。
well 2 interjection. S1 W1
1.EMPHASIZING STH 强调某事
used to emphasize something you are saying
好，嗯〔用以强调所说之事〕
•Well, I think it’s a good idea anyway. 嗯，不管怎么说，我认为这是个好主意。
•Well, I’ve had enough and I’m going home! 好吧，我受够了，我要回家了！
•‘James doesn’t want to come to the cinema with us.’ ‘Well then, let’s go on our own.’ “詹姆斯不想和我们一起去看电影。”“那好，我们就自己去吧。”
2.PAUSING 停顿
used to pause or give yourself time to think before saying something
嗯，这个〔用于停顿片刻或使自己在说话前有时间考虑〕
•Well, let’s see now, I could meet you on Thursday. 嗯，让我想一想，我可以在星期四见你。
3.ACCEPTING A SITUATION 接受某种局面
used to show that you accept a situation even though you feel disappointed or annoyed about it
好吧，算了〔对不愉快的事表示接受〕
•Well, I did my best – I can’t do any more than that. 好了，我已经尽力了，只能做到这样了。
•Oh well, we’ll just have to cancel the holiday, I suppose. 那好吧，我想我们只能取消这次休假了。
well 3 adj. S1 W2
comp: better superl: best
1.healthy健康的
THESAURUS healthy
•‘How are you?’ ‘Very well, thanks.’ “你好吗？”“很好，谢谢。”
•I don’t feel very well. 我觉得身体不太舒服。
•You’re looking very well. 你看上去身体很好。
•I hope you get well again soon. 希望你早日康复。
2.it is just as well (that)
spoken used to say that things have happened in a good or fortunate way
正好(…)，幸好(…)
•It’s just as well I kept some money aside for emergencies. 幸好我留了些钱应急。
3.it’s/that’s all very well,but...
spoken used to say that something seems to be a good idea, but is not really possible or helpful
…好是好，可是…〔表示某事看似不错，但并非真正可行或有益〕
•It’s all very well the doctors telling me I’ve got to rest, but who’s going to look after my children? 医生叫我休息是很好，可谁来照顾我的孩子呢？
well 4 n. [C ]
1.a deep hole in the ground from which people take water井
•She lowered her bucket into the well. 她把水桶放到井里。
2.an oil well油井
3.the space in a tall building where the stairs are楼梯井
well 5 (well up) v. [I ]
literary 【文】
also 又作
1.if a liquid wells or wells up, it comes to the surface of something and starts to flow out
〔液体〕涌溢，开始流淌
•I felt tears well up in my eyes. 我感到泪水夺眶而出。
2.if a feeling wells or wells up in you, you start to feel it strongly〔情绪〕变得强烈
•Anger welled up within him. 他怒火中烧。
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well of knowledge
知识的源泉
97
wistful
```
/'wɪstfəl/
thinking sadly about something you would like to have but cannot have, especially something that you used to have in the past
〔因得不到想要的东西，尤指曾经拥有的东西〕伤感的，惆怅的，思念的，依依不舍的
•a wistful smile 怅然若失的微笑
DERIVATIVE 派生词
wistfully adv
•‘That’s the house where I was born,’ she said wistfully. “那是我出生的房子。”她伤感地说道。
wistfulness n [U]
```
98
woodland
'wʊdlənd, -lænd/
also 又作
an area of land covered with trees
林地；林区
99
wow
```
/waʊ/
informal
used when you think something is very impressive or surprising
呀，哇〔表示非常赞叹或惊奇〕
•Wow! Look at that! 哇！看呀！
wow 2 v. [T ]
informal
to make people admire you a lot
使喝彩，博得…的称赞
SYN impress 【非正式】
•The show has wowed audiences all over the country. 这个节目赢得了全国观众的交口称赞。
wow 3 n. [singular 单数]
informal 【非正式】
1.a great success
极大的成功
2.the wow factor
an interesting, exciting, or unusual feature of something, that people will notice and think is very impressive
令人叫好的因素
```
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wrench
/rentʃ/
1.[T always + adv/prep] to twist and pull something roughly from the place where it is being held猛扭，猛拧，猛拉
•I wrenched the packet from his grasp. 我用力夺过他攥在手里的纸袋。
•The door had been wrenched open. 门被猛地拉开了。
2.wrench yourself away/free
to use your strength to pull yourself away from someone who is holding you挣脱开来
•She managed to wrench herself free. 她想方设法挣脱了出来。
3.[T] to hurt a joint in your body by twisting it扭伤〔关节〕
SYN sprain
•I think I’ve wrenched my knee. 我想我膝盖扭伤了。
wrench 2 n.
1.[C] especially AmE a metal tool that you use for turning nut s扳手，扳钳
SYN spanner BrE 【尤美】,【英】
2.throw a (monkey) wrench in sth
informal to do something that will cause problems or spoil someone’s plans
破坏[阻挠]某事物
SYN throw/put a spanner in the works AmE,BrE 【美，非正式】,【英】
3.[singular,单数] a strong feeling of sadness that you get when you leave a person or place that you love
〔离别时的〕伤感，离愁别绪
•Leaving New York had been a terrible wrench. 离开纽约让人十分伤感。
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hatch
/hætʃ/
1.[I,T] if an egg hatches, or if it is hatched, it breaks, letting the young bird, insect etc come out(使)〔蛋〕孵化
•The eggs take three days to hatch. 这些蛋要三天时间才能孵化。
2.[I,T] if a young bird, insect etc hatches, or if it is hatched, it comes out of its egg
(使)〔幼禽、幼虫等〕孵出，破壳而出
•All the chicks have hatched out. 小鸡都已孵出。
3.hatch a plot/plan/deal etc
to form a plan etc in secret
策划阴谋/秘密计划/密谋交易等
hatch 2 n. [C ]
1.a hole in a ship or aircraft, usually used for loading goods, or the door that covers it
〔船、飞机上的〕舱口；舱门
escape hatch (=a hole in an aircraft etc through which you can escape)逃逸舱口，应急离机口
2.a small hole in the wall or floor between two rooms, or the door that covers it
〔墙、地板上的〕开口；活板门
3.down the hatch
spoken,informal something you say before drinking an alcoholic drink quickly干杯
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brood
/bruːd/
1.to keep thinking about something that you are worried or upset about
沉思；忧思；深思
THESAURUS think
•Don’t sit at home brooding all day. 别整天坐在家里闷闷不乐的。
[+ over/about/on]
•There’s no point brooding over it – she’s gone. 老是想这件事也没用，她都已经走了。
2.if a bird broods, it sits on its eggs to make the young birds break out
〔鸟类〕孵蛋，抱窝
brood 2 n. [C ]
1.a family of young birds all born at the same time〔同时孵出的〕一窝（雏鸟）
2.a family with a lot of children – used humorously
一大家孩子〔幽默用法〕
[+ of]
•Mary has a whole brood of grandchildren. 玛丽有一大群孙子孙女。
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tumble
/'tʌmb ə l/
1.[always + adv/prep] to fall down quickly and suddenly, especially with a rolling movement倒下，跌倒，摔倒；滚落
[+ over/backwards/down]
•She lost her balance and tumbled backwards. 她失去了平衡，身体朝后倒去。
•A few stones came tumbling down the cliff. 几块石头从悬崖上滚落下来。
2.[always + adv/prep] to move in an uncontrolled way
莽莽撞撞地行动；胡乱地走
[+ into/through/out etc]
•We tumbled out into the street. 我们跌跌撞撞地出来，到了大街上。
3.if prices or figures tumble, they go down suddenly and by a large amount
〔价格或数字〕猛跌，暴跌
•Oil prices have tumbled. 石油价格猛跌。
[+ to]
•Mortgage rates tumbled to their lowest level for 25 years. 按揭贷款利率一下子跌到了25年来的最低水平。
tumble 2 n. [C ]
a fall, especially from a high place or level
〔尤指从高处的〕倒下，跌倒，摔倒；〔水平的〕下降
→ rough and tumble
•It’s possible that stocks could take a tumble next year. 明年股票有可能会大跌。
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vulnerable
/'vʌlnərəbəl/
1.someone who is vulnerable can be easily harmed or hurt感情脆弱的；易受伤的
OPP invulnerable
•He took advantage of me when I was at my most vulnerable. 他在我最脆弱的时候利用了我。
•We work mainly with the elderly and other vulnerable groups. 我们主要和老年人以及其他弱势群体打交道。
be vulnerable to sth
•Children are most vulnerable to abuse within their own home. 儿童在自己家里最易受到虐待。
2.a place, thing, or idea that is vulnerable is easy to attack or criticize
易受攻击的；易受责难的
OPP invulnerable
[+ to]
•The fort was vulnerable to attack from the north. 这个堡垒的北面易受进攻。
•Their theories were badly thought out and very vulnerable to ridicule. 他们的理论不够缜密，非常容易遭人取笑。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
vulnerably adv
vulnerability n /͵vʌlnərəˋbɪlɪtɪ ; ‚vʌlnərə'bɪlɪti,‚vʌlnərə'bɪləti / [U]
105
stand a better chance
有更大的机会
106
substantial commitment
实质性承诺
107
screened porch or aviary
用网眼纱隔离的阳台或厨房
108
address yourself to
to give your attention to
109
contend with
对付；与…作斗争
110
rig up
装配；草草做成
111
eye dropper
n. [分化] 滴管；滴眼管
112
predator
n. [动] 捕食者；[动] 食肉动物；掠夺者
113
keep their bowels regulated
使他们定时排便
114
excrement
/'ekskrɪmənt,'ekskrəmənt/
formal
the solid waste material that you get rid of through your bowels
粪；大便
115
veterinarian
/‚vetərɪ'neəriən,‚vetərə'neəriən/
someone who is trained to give medical care and treatment to sick animals
兽医SYN vet BrE 【美】,【英】
116
warm to
1. 对…更加起劲
2. =warm towards
3. 开始喜欢；同情；爱好
117
disservice to (sb./sth.)
伤害(某人/某事)
/dɪ'sɜːvɪs, dɪs'sɜː-,dɪ'sɜːvəs, dɪs'sɜː-/
do sb/sth a disservice
to do something that gives other people a bad opinion of someone or something
损害[破坏]某人/某物的声誉[形象]
•The fans have done the game a great disservice. 球迷们的行为大大损害了这项运动的名声。
disservice 2 /dɪ'sɜːvɪs, dɪs'sɜː-,dɪˋsɝvɪs/ v. [T ]
英 /dɪ'sɜːvɪs, dɪs'sɜː-/
to do something that gives other people a bad opinion of someone or something
损害，破坏〔某人或某物的声誉、形象等〕
•Hart’s poems are disserviced by the decision to squeeze three or even four short pieces onto one page. 把三首甚至四首短诗挤在同一页上的决定损害了哈特的诗作。
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carpenterworm
毛毛虫🐛
119
syndrome
n. [临床] 综合症状；并发症状；校验子；并发位
n. (Syndrome)人名；(英)辛德罗姆
[网络] 综合征；症候群；综合症
[专业] 伴随式 [电子、通信与自动控制技术]
120
contrary to
与...相反；违反
121
keen
adj. 敏锐的，敏捷的；渴望的；强烈的；热心的；锐利的 n. 痛哭，挽歌
1.WANT STH 想要某物
wanting to do something or wanting something to happen very much
热衷的，渴望的，热切的
SYN eager especially BrE 【尤英】
keen to do sth
•He told me that he was keen to help. 他告诉我说他很想帮忙。
keen on doing sth
•I wasn’t keen on going there on my own. 我不想一个人去那里。
keen for sth to happen
•The government is keen for peace talks to start again. 政府渴望重启和平会谈。
keen that
•The chairman is keen that the company should expand its product range. 董事长非常希望公司能够增加产品种类。
2.be keen on sb/sth
LIKE 喜欢
spoken to like someone or something
喜欢某人/某物
•I’m not keen on cabbage. 我不喜欢吃卷心菜。
not too/not very/not that keen on sth
•She likes Biology, but she’s not too keen on Physics. 她喜欢生物学，但不太喜欢物理。
•My flatmates want to have a party, but I’m not keen on the idea. 我同公寓的室友想办个派对，但我却不喜欢这个主意。
3.HOBBY/INTEREST 爱好/兴趣
someone who is keen on something is very interested in it or enjoys doing it very much
着迷的，有强烈兴趣的
•a keen photographer 一个摄影迷
•keen golfers 热衷于打高尔夫球的人
[+ on]mad keen on sth (=very keen on something)极其喜爱某事物
•Daniel’s very keen on tennis. 丹尼尔酷爱网球。
•I was mad keen on dinosaurs when I was little. 我小时候对恐龙非常着迷。
•She takes a keen interest in politics and current affairs. 她对政治和时事极感兴趣。
keen 2 v. [I ]
old use
to sing a loud sad song for someone who has died〔为死者〕哀歌，唱挽歌
122
fawn
```
/fɔːn/
1.[C] a young deer幼鹿
2.[U] a pale yellow-brown colour浅黄褐色
fawn 2 adj.
having a pale yellow-brown colour
浅黄褐色的
fawn 3 v. [I
to praise someone and be friendly to them in an insincere way, because you want them to like you or give you something
巴结，讨好
[+ on/over]
•I refused to fawn over her or flatter her. 我不愿意讨好她或恭维她。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
fawning adj
```
123
shrub
/ʃrʌb/
a small bush with several woody stems
灌木
124
humane
最为人道的
/hjuː'meɪn/
treating people or animals in a way that is not cruel and causes them as little suffering as possible人道的，仁慈的
OPP inhumane
•the campaign for the humane treatment of criminals 提倡人道地对待罪犯的运动
•a better, more humane world 更美好、更人道的社会
humanely adv
125
live up to your commitment
信守承诺
| live up to不辜负；做到；实践
126
instal
/ɪn'stɔːl/
1.to put a piece of equipment somewhere and connect it so that it is ready to be used
安装，设置〔设备〕
•They’ve installed the new computer network at last. 他们终于安装了新电脑网络。
•Security cameras have been installed in the city centre. 在市中心已安装了一些监控摄像机。
2.to add new software to a computer so that it is ready to be used
给〔计算机〕安装〔新软件〕
OPP uninstall
•We’ve installed new anti-virus software. 我们已经安装了新的杀毒软件。
3.formal to put someone in an important job or position, especially with a ceremony
〔尤指通过仪式〕任命，使就职
•Churchill was installed as Chancellor of the university. 丘吉尔被任命为那所大学的名誉校长。
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fright
/fraɪt/
1.[singular,单数, U] a sudden feeling of fear
恐怖；惊吓
THESAURUS fear
•You gave me such a fright creeping up on me like that! 你这样不声不响地过来，吓了我一跳！
get/have a fright
•I got an awful fright when I realised how much money I owed. 知道自己欠了那么多钱，我吓了一大跳。
with fright
•He was shaking with fright. 他吓得发抖。
in fright
•Several of the children cried out in fright. 有几个孩子吓得大哭了起来。
2.take fright
to be very afraid of something, especially so that you run away from it or do not do something that you were going to do
受惊吓〔尤指因而逃走或未做计划的事情〕
•The bird took fright and flew away. 鸟儿受了惊吓，飞走了。
•She had promised to marry him, but took fright at the last moment. 她答应嫁给他，但是到了最后一刻又畏缩了。
3.look a fright
old-fashioned to look untidy or unattractive
龌龊，怪模怪样，丑陋
→ stage fright
128
impulse
/'ɪmpʌls/
1.[C,U] a sudden strong desire to do something without thinking about whether it is a sensible thing to do
冲动；突然的欲望
SYN urge
impulse to do sth
•a sudden impulse to laugh 突然想笑的冲动
•Marge’s first impulse was to run. 玛吉的第一个念头就是跑。
•Gerry couldn’t resist the impulse to kiss her. 格里抑制不住想亲吻她的冲动。
on impulse
•On impulse, I picked up the phone and rang her. 一时心血来潮，我拿起电话打给她。
•Most beginners buy plants on impulse and then hope for the best. 大多数新手都是一时兴起把植物买回来，然后就抱着最大的希望。
impulse buying/shopping (=when you buy things that you had not planned to buy)冲动购物
2.[C] technical a short electrical signal that travels in one direction along a nerve or wire(神经)冲动；(电)脉冲
•The eye converts light signals to nerve impulses. 眼睛把光信号转变成神经冲动。
3.[C] a reason or aim that causes a particular kind of activity or behaviour
推动力
•It is the passions which provide the main impulse of music. 激情是音乐创作的主要动力。
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mash
/mæʃ/
also 又作 mash up
to crush something, especially a food that has been cooked, until it is soft and smooth
把〔某物，尤指已煮熟的食物〕捣成泥状，捣烂
•Mash the bananas. 把香蕉捣烂。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
masher n [C]
•a potato masher 马铃薯捣碎器
mash 2 n. [U ]
1.informal potatoes that have been boiled and then crushed and mixed with milk until they are smooth马铃薯泥，土豆泥
•bangers (= sausages ) and mash 香肠和土豆泥
2.a mixture of malt or crushed grain and hot water, used to make beer or whisky
〔酿制啤酒或威士忌酒的〕麦芽浆
3.a mixture of grain cooked with water to make a food for animals
〔不同谷物混合煮成的〕糊状饲料
130
caterpillar
n. [无脊椎] 毛虫；履带车
| adj. 有履带装置的
131
move/empty/open your bowels
排大便
bowels
n. 内脏（尤指人的肠）；同情心；勇气（bowel的复数）
v. 取出…的肠子（bowel的第三人称单数）
132
in brief
简言之
133
for a while
暂时
134
one swoop of its wing
swoop
vi. 猛扑；突然袭击；突然下降；飞扑
n. 猛扑；俯冲；突然袭击
vt. 攫取；抓起
135
fledgling
n. 无经验的人；刚会飞的幼鸟
136
adulthood
n. 成年；成人期
137
ethical
adj. 伦理的；道德的；凭处方出售的
| n. 处方药
138
disservice
n. 伤害；帮倒忙的行为；不亲切的行为；虐待
139
fantasize
vt. 幻想；想像
| vi. 幻想
140
Bambi syndrome
(小鹿)斑比综合征(游客常把国家公园野生动物视为迪斯尼乐园宠物而伤害动物)
141
adorable
adj. 可爱的；可敬重的，值得崇拜的
142
fondle
vt. 爱抚；抚弄
| vi. 爱抚；调戏
143
caress
vt. 爱抚，抚抱
| n. 爱抚，拥抱；接吻
144
glow
vi. 发热；洋溢；绚丽夺目
n. 灼热；色彩鲜艳；兴高采烈
[网络] 辉光；光晕；发光
[专业] 辉光 [电子、通信与自动控制技术]
145
penetrate
vt. 渗透；穿透；洞察
vi. 渗透；刺入；看透
[专业] 穿透 [化学]
