U13 Flashcards
1
Q
academy
A
/əˈkædəmi/
pl: academies
1.an official organization which encourages the development of literature, art, science etc研究院；学会
•the American Academy of Arts and Letters 美国艺术和文学学会
2.a college where students are taught a particular subject or skill专科学院
•a military academy 军事学院
•the Royal Academy of Music 皇家音乐学院
3.a school in Scotland for children between 11 and 16〔苏格兰11到16岁孩子上的〕中等学校
2
Q
account
A
/əˈkaʊnt/
1.description 描述
a written or spoken description that says what happens in an event or process
叙述，描写，报道
•Chomsky’s account of how children learn their first language 乔姆斯基关于儿童如何学习第一语言的描述
[+ of]
•He was too shocked to give an account of what had happened. 他因受惊过度而无法描述所发生的事情。
blow-by-blow account (=a description of all the details of an event in the order that they happened)一五一十的叙述
•a blow-by-blow account of how England lost to Portugal 英格兰队如何负于葡萄牙队的详细报道
eye-witness/first-hand account (=a description of events by someone who saw them)目击者的/第一手的描述
•Eye-witness accounts told of the unprovoked shooting of civilians. 目击者讲到平民无故被枪击。
•This gives a first-hand account of the war. 这是关于这场战争的第一手报道。
2.at a bank 在银行
an arrangement in which a bank keeps your money safe so that you can pay more in or take money out账户
→ bank account → checking account → current account → deposit account → profit and loss account → savings account
•My salary is paid into my bank account. 我的工资直接存入我的银行账户。
•I’ve opened an account with Barclay’s Bank. 我在巴克莱银行开了一个账户。
•My husband and I have a joint account (= one that is shared between two people ) . 我和丈夫有个联名账户。
3.take account of sth
to consider or include particular facts or details when making a decision or judgment about something
考虑到某事，把某事考虑进去
•These figures do not take account of changes in the rate of inflation. 这些数字没有把通货膨胀率的变化考虑进去。
account 2 v. S3 W2
account for sthphr v
to form a particular amount or part of something占〔一定数量或比例〕
•Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US population. 非裔美国人占美国人口的12%。
to be the reason why something happens
是…的原因
•Recent pressure at work may account for his behavior. 他的行为也许是最近的工作压力导致的。
to give a satisfactory explanation of why something has happened or why you did something解释，说明
•Can you account for your movements on that night? 你能说明一下你那天晚上的行踪吗？
to say where all the members of a group of people or things are, especially because you are worried that some of them may be lost
说明…在何处
•Three days after the earthquake, more than 150 people had still to be accounted for. 地震发生3天后，仍有150多人下落不明。
3
Q
on sb’s account
A
为了某人的缘故为某人的缘故=for sb,’s sake
4
Q
allowance
A
/əˈlaʊəns/
MEANINGS 义项
1.[C usually singular,一般用单数] an amount of money that you are given regularly or for a special purpose〔定期或出于特殊原因而给予的〕一笔钱；津贴，补助
•Sales staff get a generous mileage allowance or a company car. 销售人员有优厚的里程补贴或者公司提供的专用汽车。
•If you are entitled to sickness allowance, you must claim it from your employer. 你如果有资格领取疾病津贴，必须向雇主申请索要。
a monthly/annual etc allowance
•His father gives him a monthly allowance of £200. 他父亲每月给他200英镑的生活费。
[+ for]
•Do you get an allowance for clothes? 你有服装补贴吗？
2.[C usually singular,一般用单数] an amount of something that is acceptable or safe
允许量，限额
•the recommended daily allowance of Vitamin C 维生素C的每日建议摄入量
•Passengers’ baggage allowance is 75 pounds per person. 乘客行李限重是每人75磅。
3.[C] an amount of money that you can earn without paying tax on it〔收入的〕免税额
•a new tax allowance 新的免税额度
5
Q
artfully
A
adv. 巧妙地；狡诈地 artful /'ɑ:tful/ adj. 1.精明的；巧妙的；机灵的 2.狡猾的，狡诈的，欺诈的，骗人的，滑头滑脑的 3.(制作)精巧的，显示精湛技艺的；有技巧的；熟练的
6
Q
ascend
A
/əˈsend/
MEANINGS 义项
1.[I] formal to move up through the air
上升，升高OPP descend
•The plane ascended rapidly. 飞机迅速爬升。
2.[T] written to climb something or move to a higher position攀登，登上
OPP descend
•Without a word, he began to ascend the stairs. 他没说一句话就上楼梯了。
3.[I] written to lead up to a higher position
通往高处，向上，上升
OPP descend
•The road ascends steeply from the harbour. 这条路从港湾那里陡直而上。
REGISTER 语体
Ascend is used mostly in literary or technical contexts. In everyday English, people usually say climb or go up
ascend主要用于文学作品和科技文章。 在日常英语中，人们一般说climb或go up
•We started to climb the mountain. 我们开始爬山。
•She slowly went up the stairs. 她慢慢地走上楼梯。
7
Q
balloon
A
/bəˈluːn/
1.an object made of brightly coloured thin rubber, that is filled with air and used as a toy or decoration for parties气球
•Can you help me blow up these balloons? 你帮我把这些气球吹起来好吗？
•He burst the balloon in my face. 他对着我的脸弄爆了气球。
2.a large bag of strong light cloth filled with gas or heated air so that it can float in the air. It has a basket hanging below it for people to stand in热气球
•a balloon flight over the Yorkshire Moors 飞越约克郡沼泽区的热气球航行
3.the circle drawn around the words spoken by the characters in a cartoon
〔卡通漫画中表示人物对白的〕气球状对话框，对白圆圈
SYN bubble
→ at 见 lead →go down like a lead balloon at 见 lead3
balloon 2 v. [I ]
also 又作 balloon out
1.to suddenly become larger in amount
突然增加，激增
SYN explode
•The company’s debt has ballooned in the past year. 在过去一年里，公司的债务激增。
2.if someone balloons, they suddenly become fat突然长胖
•Paul ballooned after he got married. 保罗婚后吹气球似地胖了起来。
3.to get bigger and rounder
膨胀，鼓起来
•The sheet flapped and ballooned in the wind. 被单在风中飘动，被吹得鼓鼓的。
8
Q
banister
A
/ˈbænɪstə, ˈbænəstə/
a row of wooden posts with a bar along the top, that stops you from falling over the edge of stairs〔楼梯的〕栏杆，扶手
→ see picture at 见 staircase
9
Q
blueprint
A
/ˈbluːˌprɪnt/
1.a plan for achieving something
计划，设想，蓝图
[+ for]
•a blueprint for health-care reform 医疗保健改革蓝图
2.a photographic print of a plan for a building, machine etc on special blue paper
〔建筑物、机器等的〕蓝图
[+ for]
•a blueprint for the new shopping mall 新购物中心的蓝图
3.technical a pattern that all living cells contain, which decides how a person, animal, or plant develops and what it looks like〔生物细胞的〕蓝图，型板
•By changing the tomato’s genetic blueprint , scientists can alter the rate at which it ripens. 科学家可以通过改变番茄的基因蓝图来改变它的成熟速度。
10
Q
blurt
A
/blɜːt/
PHRVB 短语动词
blurt sth ←→ outphr v
to say something suddenly and without thinking, usually because you are nervous or excited
〔通常因紧张或激动而〕不假思索地说出，脱口而出，说漏嘴
•Peter blurted the news out before we could stop him. 我们还没来得及阻止，彼得就脱口说出了那个消息。
11
Q
blurt out
A
开始说话，脱口而出
12
Q
breadstick
A
面包棒
棍子面包
13
Q
bushman
A
/ˈbʊʃmən/ 澳大利亚的丛林土著人
pl: Bushmen
someone who belongs to a southern African tribe who live in the bush (= wild country )〔非洲南部的〕布须曼人
14
Q
cabin
A
/’kæbɪn,’kæbən/
1.a small house, especially one built of wood in an area of forest or mountains
〔尤指建于林中或山上的〕小木屋
•a log cabin 原木小屋
2.a small room on a ship in which you live or sleep〔船上的〕舱
3.an area inside a plane where the passengers sit or where the pilot works
〔飞机上的〕客舱，驾驶舱
•the First Class cabin 头等舱
15
Q
cabin boy
A
a young man who works as a servant on a ship
船舱的男服务员
16
Q
cable
A
/’keɪb ə l/
1.[C] a plastic or rubber tube containing wires that carry telephone messages, electronic signals, television pictures etc电缆
•cables and switches for computers 电脑的缆线和开关
overhead/underground/undersea cable
•overhead power cables 高架电缆
2.[C,U] a thick strong metal rope used on ships, to support bridges etc
〔船上或支撑桥梁等用的〕钢缆，钢索
3.[U] a system of broadcasting television by using cables, paid for by the person watching it有线电视
on cable
•I’ll wait for the movie to come out on cable. 我要等有线电视播出这部影片。
cable network/channel/programme
cable 2 v. [I,T ]
to send someone a telegram（给…）发电报
cable sb sth
•I cabled Mary the good news. 我发电报告诉了玛丽这个好消息。
17
Q
cannibal
A
/'kænɪb ə l,'kænəb ə l/ 1.a person who eats human flesh 食人肉者 2.an animal that eats the flesh of other animals of the same kind 同类相食的动物
18
Q
charred
A
/tʃɑːd/
something that is charred has been burned until it is black烧黑的，焦黑的
•the charred remains of a body 焦黑的尸骸
19
Q
charter
A
/’tʃɑːtə/
1.[C] a statement of the principles, duties, and purposes of an organization
〔组织的〕原则，章程，宪章，宣言
•the freedoms embodied in the UN charter 联合国宪章所体现的自由
2.[U] the practice of paying money to a company to use their boats, aircraft etc, or the boat, aircraft etc used in this way
〔船、飞机等的〕包租；包租的船[飞机等]
•boats available for charter 可供包租的船
•a charter service 包租服务
3.[C] a signed statement from a government or ruler which allows a town, organization, or university to officially exist and have special rights〔政府或统治者允许城镇、组织或大学正式成立并享有特权的〕特许状，许可证
•The town’s charter was granted in 1838. 该镇的特许状是1838年颁发的。
charter 2 v. [T ]
1.to pay a company for the use of their aircraft, boat etc包租〔飞机、船等〕
•We chartered a boat to take us to some of the smaller islands. 我们包了一条船带我们到一些较小的岛上去。
2.to say officially that a town, organization, or university officially exists and has special rights特许成立〔城镇、组织或大学〕
20
Q
cocky
A
/’kɒki/
informal
too confident about yourself and your abilities, especially in a way that annoys other people骄傲自大的，趾高气扬的
•He’s a cocky little man and I don’t like him. 他是个傲慢自大的小子，我不喜欢他。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
cockily adv
cockiness n [U]
21
Q
comet
A
/’kɒmɪt,’kɒmət/
an object in space like a bright ball with a long tail, that moves around the sun彗星
•Halley’s comet 哈雷彗星
22
Q
confirm
A
/kən’fɜːm/
1.to show that something is definitely true, especially by providing more proof
〔尤指通过提供更多证据〕证实，证明
OPP refute
•New evidence has confirmed the first witness’s story. 新的证据证实了第一个证人的说法。
•To confirm my diagnosis I need to do some tests. 为了证实我的诊断，我要做一些化验。
confirm that
•Research has confirmed that the risk is higher for women. 研究已经证实，这种风险在女性中的比例更高。
confirm what
•The new results confirm what most of us knew already. 新的结果证实了我们大多数人已经知道的情况。
2.to say that something is definitely true
证实
OPP deny
•The President refused to confirm the rumor. 总统拒绝证实这个传言。
•Managers have so far refused to confirm or deny reports that up to 200 jobs are to go. 到目前为止，经理们对要裁员200人的传闻仍然不置可否。
confirm that
•Walsh confirmed that the money had been paid. 沃尔什证实那笔钱已经支付。
confirm what
•My brother will confirm what I have told you. 我弟弟将证实我跟你说过的话。
3.to tell someone that a possible arrangement, date, or situation is now definite or official肯定，确认〔安排、日期或情况〕
•Could you confirm the dates we discussed? 你能确认我们商讨过的日期吗？
•Smith was confirmed as the club’s new manager yesterday. 史密斯昨天已被确定为俱乐部新任主教练。
confirm a booking/reservation/appointment
•I am writing to confirm a booking for a single room for the night of 6 June. 我写此信是想确认为6月6日晚上预订的一个单人房。
23
Q
confirm sb’s desire
A
使其更加坚信他的愿望是对的
24
Q
convertible
A
/kən’vɜːtɪbəl,kən’vɜːtəbəl/
1.an object that is convertible can be folded or arranged in a different way so that it can be used as something else可转换的，可改变的
•a convertible sofa 两用沙发
2.technical able to be exchanged for the money of another country〔货币〕可兑换的
•a convertible currency 可兑换货币
3.technical a financial document such as an insurance arrangement or a bond that is convertible can be exchanged for money, stocks etc
〔证券等〕可兑换的
DERIVATIVE 派生词
convertibility n /kən͵vɝtəˋbɪlətɪ ; kən‚vɜːtɪ’bɪlɪti,kən‚vɜːtɪ’bɪləti,kən‚vɜːtə’bɪlɪti,kən‚vɜːtə’bɪləti / [U]
convertible 2 n. [C ]
a car with a soft roof that you can fold back or remove
折篷车，敞篷车
25
coral
```
/'kɒrəl/
a hard red, white, or pink substance formed from the bones of very small sea creatures, which is often used to make jewellery
珊瑚
coral 2 adj.
pink or reddish-orange in colour
珊瑚色的，粉红色的，橘红色的
```
26
coral beads
```
珊瑚珠
bead
/bid/
n. 珠子；滴；念珠
vi. 形成珠状，起泡
vt. 用珠装饰；使成串珠状
```
27
correspondent
/‚kɒrɪ'spɒndənt,‚kɒrə'spɒndənt/
1.someone who is employed by a newspaper or a television station etc to report news from a particular area or on a particular subject
通讯员，记者
RELTD reporter
•Our correspondent in South Africa sent this report. 我们的驻南非记者发来这份报道。
political/foreign/legal etc correspondent
•the political correspondent for ‘The Times’ 《泰晤士报》的政治新闻记者
2.someone who writes letters通信者
•I’m not a very good correspondent, I’m afraid. 恐怕我不是个勤于写信的人。
28
cramp
/kræmp/
1.[C,U] a severe pain that you get in part of your body when a muscle becomes too tight, making it difficult for you to move that part of your body痛性痉挛；痉挛，抽筋
→ writer’s cramp
•Several players were suffering from cramp. 有几名球员抽筋了。
•muscle cramps 肌肉痉挛
have/get (a) cramp
•One of the swimmers got cramp and had to drop out of the race. 有一名游泳选手抽筋了，只好退出比赛。
2.(stomach) cramps
[plural,复数] severe pains in the stomach, especially the ones that women get when they menstruate
〔尤指女性经期的〕（腹部）绞痛
cramp 2 v.
1.[T] to prevent the development of someone or something限制，束缚〔某人的发展〕
SYN hinder,restrict
•Stricter anti-pollution laws may cramp economic growth. 更为严厉的反污染法有可能会限制经济增长。
2.cramp sb’s style
informal to prevent someone from behaving in the way they want to
束缚某人的手脚，限制某人
•Paul said he didn’t want Sarah to come along because she cramps his style. 保罗说他不要萨拉一起去，因为她会限制他的自由。
3.[I,T] to get or cause cramp in a muscle
开始抽筋；引起〔肌肉〕抽筋
•He cramped in the last 200 metres of the race. 比赛到最后200米时他开始抽筋。
•Sitting still for so long had cramped her muscles. 坐着不动这么久使她肌肉抽筋了。
29
credit
/'kredɪt,'kredət/
1.DELAYED PAYMENT 推迟付款
[U] an arrangement with a shop, bank etc that allows you to buy something and pay for it later赊购；信贷
•The store agreed to let him have credit. 商店同意他赊购。
•What’s the credit limit on your Visa card? 你的维萨卡信用额度是多少？
on credit
•Most new cars are bought on credit. 大多数新汽车都是贷款购买的。
2.PRAISE 赞扬
[U] approval or praise that you give to someone for something they have done
赞扬；赞许
•Credit must go to Fiona for making sure everything ran smoothly. 应该感激菲奥娜使一切得以顺利进行。
[+ for]
•Credit for this win goes to everybody in the team. 这次胜利是队里每个人的功劳。
•They never give Gene any credit for all the extra work he does. 吉恩做了那么多分外的事，可他们对此从来没有一句称赞。
take/claim/deserve etc (the) credit
•She deserves credit for trying her best. 她尽了最大的努力，应该得到表扬。
to sb’s credit (=used to say that someone has done something good)某人值得赞扬[钦佩]
•To Jamie’s credit, he remained calm. 值得表扬的是，杰米始终保持冷静。
3.be a credit to sb/sth
to behave so well or be so successful that your family, team etc are proud of you
为某人/某事物增光
•She’s a credit to her profession. 她为自己的行业赢得了荣誉。
•Your children really do you credit. 你的孩子们确实值得你骄傲。
COLLOCATIONS 词语搭配
1.verbs 动词
buy/get sth on credit 赊购某物
•They bought all their furniture on credit. 他们所有家具都是赊账购买的。
use credit 使用信贷
•The survey showed only 15% of people had never used credit. 调查显示，只有15﹪的人从未使用过信贷。
get/obtain credit(=be allowed to buy sth on credit) 取得信贷
•The economic situation is making it more difficult for people to get credit. 经济形势使得人们越来越难以取得信贷。
give/offer credit(=allow customers to buy things on credit) 允许赊购
•A business may lose customers if it does not give credit. 企业若不允许赊购可能会失去客源。
refuse sb credit 拒绝某人赊购
•You may be refused credit if you have a bad financial record. 如果你有不良财务记录，可能会被拒绝赊购。
2.credit + NOUN 名词
a credit card(=a plastic card that you use to buy things and pay for them later) 信用卡
•Can I pay by credit card? 我可以用信用卡支付吗？
credit facilities(=the opportunity to buy something on credit) 信用透支
•Credit facilities are available if you are over 18. 如果你年满18岁就可以享受信用透支。
a credit agreement(=an arrangement to allow or receive credit) 信贷协议
credit terms(=how much you must pay back and when) 信用条款
sb’s credit rating(=how likely a bank etc thinks someone is to pay their debts) 某人的信用等级
a credit risk(=a risk that a bank etc may not get back the money it lends) 信贷风险
a credit limit(=the most someone can spend using credit) 信用额度
a credit crunch/squeeze(=a situation in which people are not allowed as much credit as before) 信贷紧缩，收紧信贷
3.ADJECTIVES/NOUN 形容词/名词 + credit
consumer credit(=the amount of credit used by consumers) 消费信贷
•Consumer credit has risen substantially during this period. 这段时期，消费信贷大幅上升。
interest-free credit(=with no interest added to it) 无息贷款
•We offer interest-free credit for up to 50 weeks. 我们提供长达50周的无息贷款。
credit 2 v. [T not in progressive 不用进行式] AC
1.to add money to a bank account
把钱存入〔账户〕
OPP debit
[+ to]
•The cheque has been credited to your account. 支票已存入你的账户。
[+ with]
•For some reason my account’s been credited with an extra $76. 不知什么原因，我的账户多出了76美元。
2.credit sb with (doing) sth
to believe or admit that someone has a quality, or has done something good
相信某人有某优点[做了某件好事]
•Do credit me with a little intelligence! 你要相信我还是有点智商的！
•Evans is credited with inventing the system. 据信是埃文斯发明这个系统的。
3.be credited to sb/sth
if something is credited to someone or something, they have achieved it or are the reason for it
归功于某人/某事；某人/某事是…发生的原因
•Much of Manchester United’s success can be credited to their manager. 曼联队的胜利大半应该归功于他们的主教练。
30
delegate
/'delɪɡɪt,'delɪɡət,'deləɡɪt,'deləɡət/
someone who has been elected or chosen to speak, vote, or take decisions for a group
代表
RELTD representative
•Around 350 delegates attended the conference. 大约有350名代表参加了大会。
del‧e‧gate 2 /'delɪɡeɪt,'deləɡeɪt,ˋdɛlə͵get/ v.
英 /'delɪɡeɪt,'deləɡeɪt/
1.[I,T] to give part of your power or work to someone in a lower position than you
授权，委托〔权限给下级〕，下放〔权力〕
•A good manager knows when to delegate. 一个好的经理知道何时该放权。
•It takes experience to judge correctly how much power should be delegated. 应该下放多少权力需要靠经验来准确判断。
delegate sth to sb
•Minor tasks should be delegated to your assistant. 次要的工作应交给你的助手去做。
2.[T] to choose someone to do a particular job, or to be a representative of a group, organization etc
委派〔某人〕做〔某项工作〕；委任〔某人〕为代表
delegate sb to do sth
•I was delegated to find a suitable conference venue. 我受命去找一个合适的会场。
31
deprive
/dɪ'praɪv/
PHRVB 短语动词
deprive sb of sthphr v
to prevent someone from having something, especially something that they need or should have剥夺
•A lot of these children have been deprived of a normal home life. 这些孩子中有许多被剥夺了正常的家庭生活。
32
double-hulled
adj. 双重机壳；双壳体的
hull /hʌl/
1.the main part of a ship that goes in the water船体，船身
wooden-hulled/steel-hulled etc (=having a wood, steel etc hull)〔船体〕木质的/钢质的
2.the outer covering of seeds, rice, grain etc
〔种子、稻谷、谷物等的〕外皮，外壳
RELTD husk
hull 2 v. [T ]
getables, rice, grain etc
除去…的外皮[荚，壳等]
33
envision
/ɪn'vɪʒən/
to imagine something that you think might happen in the future, especially something that you think will be good
想象；展望〔尤指美好的事〕
SYN envisage
THESAURUS imagine
•I envisioned a future of educational excellence. 我展望了一个有着优质教育的未来。
34
fancy
/'fænsi/
pp: fancied pt: fancied pres part: fancying 3rd pers sg: fancies
1.LIKE/WANT 喜欢/想要
informal to like or want something, or want to do something喜欢，想要
SYN feel like BrE 【英，非正式】
•Fancy a quick drink, Emma? 想喝点什么吗，埃玛？
fancy doing sth
•Sorry, but I don’t fancy going out tonight. 对不起，今晚我不想出去。
2.SEXUAL ATTRACTION 性吸引
informal to feel sexually attracted to someone爱慕，爱恋
•All the girls fancied him. 所有的女孩子都迷恋他。
3.fancy yourself
informal to behave in a way that shows you think you are very attractive or clever
自以为是，自命不凡
•That bloke on the dance floor really fancies himself. 舞池里那家伙真是自命不凡。
显示更多
fancy 2 n.
pl: fancies
1.LIKING/WISH 喜欢/希望
[singular]
a feeling, especially one that is not particularly strong or urgent, that you like someone or want to have something 喜爱；想要
•Wanting to go to Mexico was just a passing fancy (= the feeling did not last long ) . 想去墨西哥只不过是一时的兴致。
•Because of its high cost, a carpet is not an item that you change as the fancy takes you (= whenever you want ) . 因为价格昂贵，所以地毯不是一件想换就换的物品。
take a fancy to sb/sth 喜欢上某人/某物
•Mr Hill took a real fancy to Clara. 希尔先生深深地爱上了克拉拉。
if something takes or catches your fancy, you like it or want to have it 〔某物〕让你喜欢上，让你看中
•Did you see anything that took your fancy? 你看中了什么吗？
2.tickle sb’s fancy
informal to seem attractive or amusing to someone引起某人的兴趣
•The idea of playing a joke on her tickled his fancy. 跟她开个玩笑的想法引起了他的兴趣。
3.IDEA 想法
[C] old-fashioned an idea or opinion that is not based on fact奇想；空想
•Oh, that was just a fancy of his. 啊，那只是他的异想天开。
→ at 见 flight →flight of fancy at 见 flight6
fancy 3 adj. S3
comp: fancier superl: fanciest
1.fancy hotels, restaurants, cars etc are expensive and fashionable
〔酒店、餐厅、汽车等〕昂贵的，豪华的
SYN swanky
•Harry took me to a fancy restaurant for our anniversary. 哈里带我去了一家豪华餐厅，庆祝我们的结婚纪念日。
fancy prices (=very high and often unreasonable prices)十分昂贵的价格
2.having a lot of decoration or bright colours, or made in a complicated way
花哨的; 别致的
•fancy soaps in seashell shapes 别致的海贝形肥皂
•I just want a basic sports coat - nothing fancy . 我只要一件简单的便服外套——别花里胡哨的。
3.complicated and needing a lot of skill
复杂的；需要高度技巧的，高难度的
OPP straightforward
•I can’t do all that fancy stuff on the computer. 我不会在电脑上做那些复杂的东西。
•Negotiating a deal can take some fancy footwork (= skill at making deals ) . 做生意谈判有时需要点高明的手段。
35
fatal
/'feɪtl/
1.resulting in someone’s death致命的
•potentially fatal diseases 潜在致命的疾病
•If it is not treated correctly, the condition can prove fatal (= be fatal ) . 如果治疗不当，这种病可能会致命。
fatal accident/illness/injury etc
•a fatal climbing accident 致命的登山事故
2.having a very bad effect, especially making someone fail or stop what they are doing灾难性的，毁灭性的
•There was one fatal flaw (= serious weakness ) in his argument. 他的论据中有个致命的缺陷。
•His presidential hopes suffered a fatal blow in New Hampshire. 他的总统梦在新罕布什尔州遭受致命打击。
[+ to]
•Disunity finally proved fatal to the rebels’ cause. 内部失和最终成为叛乱分子此番举事的致命弱点。
fatal mistake/error
•Telling your employees they’re unimportant is a fatal error. 当面说员工无足轻重是个灾难性的错误。
36
fidgeting
/'fɪdʒɪt,'fɪdʒət/
to keep moving your hands or feet, especially because you are bored or nervous〔尤因厌烦或紧张〕坐立不安，手足无措
THESAURUS move
•The kids had started to fidget. 孩子们开始坐立不安起来。
[+ with]
•Stop fidgeting with your pens! 别拿钢笔晃来晃去的！
fidget 2 n. [C ]
informal
someone who is unable to sit or stand still
坐立不安的人
37
hide
/haɪd/
pt: hid pp: hidden
1.[T] to deliberately put or keep something or someone in a place where they cannot easily be seen or found把…藏起来，隐藏
•She keeps a bottle of gin hidden behind a stack of books. 她在一堆书的后面藏了一瓶杜松子酒。
hide sth in/under/behind etc
•Marcia hid the pictures in her desk drawer
马西娅把照片藏在她书桌的抽屉里。
hide sth/sb from sb
•He was accused of trying to hide evidence from the police. 他被控试图对警方隐瞒证据。
2.[T] to cover something so that it cannot be seen clearly遮住，遮挡
•The church roof was half hidden by trees. 教堂顶部半掩在树木中。
•Her tangled hair hid her face. 乱糟糟的头发遮住了她的脸。
3.[I] to go or stay in a place where no one will see or find you躲藏，藏身
•Quick, he’s coming! We’d better hide. 快，他来了! 我们最好躲起来。
[+ in/under/behind etc]
•Harry hid under the bed. 哈里躲在床下。
hide from sb
•Weiss spent two years hiding from the Nazis. 韦斯躲藏了两年逃避纳粹的追捕。
THESAURUS 词语辨析
1.hide 把〔某物〕藏起来；掩盖〔真实感情〕
to make something difficult to see or find, or to not show your true feelings
•He hid the gun in his pocket. 他把枪藏在口袋里。
•She tried to hide her anger. 她试图掩饰自己的愤怒。
2.conceal 隐藏〔某物〕，隐匿；隐瞒〔感情,尤用于否定句中〕
to hide something, especially by carefully putting it somewhere. Also used when talking about hiding your feelings, especially in negative sentences.
•Several kilos of drugs were concealed in the back of the truck. 卡车后部藏有几公斤毒品。
•He could not conceal his feelings any longer. 他再也无法掩饰自己的感情。
3.cover up 遮盖，覆盖
to put something over another thing that you do not want people to see, in order to hide it completely
•People cover up cracks with wallpaper or tiles. 人们用壁纸或瓷砖来遮盖裂缝。
•I used some make-up to cover up the spots. 我用了些化妆品来遮盖斑点。
→ at 见 bushel →hide your light under a bushel at 见 bushel
hide 2 n. [C ]
1.a place from which you can watch animals or birds without being seen by them
〔可观察鸟兽行动的〕隐匿处，埋伏处
SYN blind BrE,AmE 【英】,【美】
2.an animal’s skin, especially when it has been removed to be used for leather
〔尤指已剥取用于制皮革的〕兽皮
•ox hide gloves 牛皮手套
3.have/tan sb’s hide
spoken to punish someone severely – used humorously剥了某人的皮〔指严厉惩罚某人，幽默用法〕
38
hippopotamus
‚hɪpə'pɒtəməs/
pl: hippopotamuses hippopotami
a large grey African animal with a big head and mouth that lives near water河马
39
hitchhike
/'hɪtʃhaɪk/
also 又作 hitch
to travel to places by getting free rides from drivers of passing cars
搭便车，搭顺风车
[+ around/to/across etc]
•She spent her gap year hitchhiking around the world. 她在上大学前的空档年搭便车环游世界各地。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
hitchhiker n [C]
•I picked up a hitchhiker on our way back. 我在回来的路上捎了一个搭便车的人。
40
Iceland
/'aislənd/
1. 冰岛(北大西洋中的大岛)
2. 冰岛(欧洲岛国，首都雷克雅未克) [全称the Republic of Iceland 冰岛共和国]
41
indisputable
/‚ɪndɪ'spjuːtəbəl/
an indisputable fact must be accepted because it is definitely true
无可争辩的，不容置疑的
•The evidence was indisputable. 这个证据不容置疑。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
indisputably adv
42
intellectual
adj. 智力的；聪明的；理智的
| n. 知识分子；凭理智做事者
43
irresistible
/‚ɪrɪ'zɪstɪbəl◂,‚ɪrɪ'zɪstəbəl◂/
1.so attractive, desirable etc that you cannot prevent yourself from wanting it
无法抗拒的；非常诱人的
•Men find Natalie irresistible. 男人们觉得无法抗拒纳塔莉的魅力。
[+ to]
•Tax-cutting proposals could prove irresistible to lawmakers. 减税议案可能最终会让立法者无法抗拒其诱惑。
2.too strong or powerful to be stopped or prevented
〔力量太强大而〕不可遏止的；不可避免的
•I was overcome by an irresistible urge to cry. 我控制不住想大哭一场。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
irresistibly adv
44
lava
/'lɑːvə/
hot liquid rock that flows from a volcano,or this rock when it has become solid
〔火山喷出的〕岩浆，熔岩；火山岩
→ see picture at 见 volcano
45
intellectual circles
知识界,知识分子圈
46
league
/liːɡ/
1.a group of sports teams or players who play games against each other to see who is best体育运动联合会，联赛
•He makes his football league debut tomorrow. 明天他将在足球联赛中首次出战。
•the Rugby League Championship 橄榄球联合会锦标赛
be (at the) top/bottom of the league (=be the best or the worst team in a group)在联赛中排名最高/垫底
2.a group of people or countries who have joined together because they have similar aims, political beliefs etc联盟，同盟
•the National Socialist League 国家社会主义联盟
3.not be in the same league (as sb/sth)
to be not nearly as good or important as someone or something else
(和某人/某物)不在同一档次[级别]上
•They’re not in the same league as the French at making wine. 他们的葡萄酒酿造水平远不及法国人。
47
manufacture
/‚mænjʊ'fæktʃə,‚mænjə'fæktʃə/
1.to use machines to make goods or materials, usually in large numbers or amounts
〔用机器大量〕生产，制造
THESAURUS make
•the company that manufactured the drug 生产这种药的公司
•manufactured goods 工业品，制成品
2.to invent an untrue story, excuse etc
编造〔虚假故事、借口等〕
SYN fabricate
•If the media can manufacture stories like this, who are we supposed to believe? 如果媒体可以编出这样的故事，我们还能相信谁呢？
3.technical if your body manufactures a particular useful substance, it produces it
〔人体〕生成〔某种有用的物质〕
manufacture 2 n.
1.[U] the process of making goods or materials using machines, usually in large numbers or amounts
〔大量商品的〕生产，制造
•Cost will determine the methods of manufacture. 成本将决定生产方法。
2.manufactures
[plural,复数] technical goods that are produced in large quantities using machinery
〔用机器大批量制造的〕商品
48
manuscript
/'mænjʊskrɪpt,'mænjəskrɪpt/
1.a book or piece of writing before it is printed手稿，底稿
•Unfortunately, parts of the original manuscript have been lost. 遗憾的是，部分原始手稿丢失了。
in manuscript
•I read his novel in manuscript. 我读过他的小说手稿。
2.a book or document written by hand before printing was invented手抄本，手写本
•a fine collection of medieval manuscripts 一批珍贵的中世纪手抄本收藏品
49
marshall
n. 元帅；典礼官；执法官；法官的随行官员（等于judge's marshal）
vt. 安排；引领；统帅
vi. 各就各位；按次序排列成形（等于marshal）
50
mast
/mɑːst/
1.a tall pole on which the sails or flags on a ship are hung船桅；桅杆
2.a tall metal tower that sends out radio and television signals〔发射无线电和电视信号的〕发射塔，天线塔
•a radio mast 无线电发射塔
3.a tall pole on which a flag is hung旗杆
→ half-mast
51
matter-of fact
n. 事实
| adj. 确信
52
minister
/'mɪnɪstə,'mɪnəstə/
1.a politician who is in charge of a government depart-ment, in Britain and some other countries
〔英国和其他一些国家的〕部长，大臣
→ prime minister
•a senior Cabinet minister 资深的内阁部长
[+ of]
•the Minister of Agriculture 农业部长
[+ for]
•the Minister for Foreign Affairs 外交大臣
foreign/defence/finance etc minister
•a meeting of EU foreign ministers 欧盟外交部长会议
2.a priest in some Christian churches
〔某些基督教会的〕牧师
RELTD pastor vicar
•a Baptist minister 浸礼会牧师
3.someone whose job is to represent their country in another country, but who is lower in rank than an ambassador公使；外交使节
minister 2 v. [I ]
to work as a priest当牧师
•Rev Wilson spent 20 years ministering in some of New York’s poorest areas. 威尔逊牧师在纽约最贫困的一些地区当了20年牧师。
PHRVB 短语动词
minister to sb/sthphr v
to give help to someone who needs it, especially someone who is sick or old
照顾，服侍，帮助〔尤指病人或老人〕
•She spent much time ministering to the sick. 她很多时间都在照顾病人。
•ministering to the needs of other people 满足其他人的需求
53
prime minister
首相，总理
54
missile
/'mɪsaɪl/
1.a weapon that can fly over long distances and that explodes when it hits the thing it has been aimed at导弹，飞弹
•a nuclear missile 核导弹
•a missile attack 导弹袭击
2.an object that is thrown at someone in order to hurt them〔用来伤人的〕投掷物
•Demonstrators threw missiles at the police. 游行示威者向警察投掷杂物。
→ ballistic missile → cruise missile → guided missile
55
guided missile
a missile that is controlled electronically while it is flying导弹
56
musketeer
‚mʌskɪ'tɪə,‚mʌskə'tɪə/
a soldier in the past who used a musket
火枪手，滑膛枪手
57
neglect
/nɪ'ɡlekt/
1.to fail to look after someone or something properly疏于照料；疏忽
•She smoked and drank, neglected the children, and left the clothes unmended. 她抽烟喝酒，既不照顾孩子，也不缝补衣服。
•a neglected garden 疏于打理的花园
•The building has been badly neglected. 这栋大楼严重疏于维护。
2.to pay too little attention to something
忽视，忽略
•Many of these ideas have been neglected by modern historians. 这些观点有许多都被现代的历史学家忽略了。
•The police officer was accused of neglecting his duty (= not doing everything he should ). 那位警官被控渎职。
3.neglect to do sth
formal to not do something
没有做某事
•You neglected to mention that they had a second album released during 1991. 你没有提及他们在1991年发行了第二张专辑。
neglect 2 n. [U ]
1.failure to look after something or someone, or the condition of not being looked after疏忽
•The whole district had an air of abandonment and neglect. 整个地区有一种萧条落寞的感觉。
[+ of]
•Tenants are complaining about the landlord’s neglect of the property. 住户在抱怨房东疏忽了房屋的维修。
years/decades/centuries etc of neglect
•After years of neglect, the roads were full of potholes. 道路因为多年失修，路面上到处都坑坑洼洼的。
2.failure to pay proper attention to something忽视，忽略
[+ of]
•Five officers were court-martialled for cowardice or neglect of duty. 五名军官因怯懦或渎职受到军事法庭审判。
58
neon
/'niːɒn/
a colourless gas that is found in small quantities in the air and is used in glass tubes to produce a bright light in electric advertising signs. It is a chemical element: symbol Ne
氖〔一种化学元素，符号为Ne〕
neon lights/signs (=ones that use neon)霓虹灯/霓虹灯广告牌
•the neon lights of Las Vegas 拉斯维加斯的霓虹灯
•A neon sign flashed on and off above the door. 门上方的霓虹灯广告牌一闪一闪。
59
obtain
/əb'teɪn/
formal 【正式】
1.[T] to get something that you want, especially through your own effort, skill, or work〔尤指通过自身的努力、技能或工作〕获得，得到
SYN get
THESAURUS get
obtain sth from sb/sth
•Further information can be obtained from head office. 详细资料可向总公司索取。
•You will need to obtain permission from the principal. 你需要得到校长的同意。
obtain sth through sth
•the results obtained through these surveys 通过这些调查得出的结果
2.[I not in progressive,不用进行式] if a situation, system, or rule obtains, it continues to exist
〔情况、制度或规则〕继续存在，通用
•These conditions no longer obtain. 这些状况已不复存在。
REGISTER 语体
In everyday English, people say that they get a result, a ticket, some information etc rather than obtain it.
在日常英语中，人们说得到结果、票、信息等时用get，而不用obtain
•You have to get permission from your parents. 你必须得到父母的允许。
60
omelet
n. 煎蛋卷；炒鸡蛋；鸡蛋烧
| yolk n. 蛋黄；[胚] 卵黄；羊毛脂
61
parental
/pə'rentl/
relating to being a parent and especially to being responsible for a child’s safety and development父亲的；母亲的；父母的
•parental responsibility 父母的责任
•Opening a new school will increase parental choice. 开办一所新学校将会扩大父母的选择范围。
•Parental consent is required before the operation can take place. 手术前须征得父母同意。
62
parental advice
父母的教导
63
pray
/preɪ/
MEANINGS 义项
1.to speak to God in order to ask for help or give thanks祈祷；祷告
RELTD prayer
•They went to the mosque to pray. 他们去清真寺祷告。
[+ for]
•Let us pray for peace. 让我们为和平祈祷吧。
[+ to]
•Martha prayed to God for help. 玛莎向上帝祈求帮助。
pray (that)
•He prayed that his sight might be restored. 他祈祷自己的视力能恢复。
2.to wish or hope very strongly that something will happen or is true
强烈地希望，祈望，祈求
•I hope and pray that this is a misunderstanding. 我非常希望这是个误会。
pray (that)
•Paul was praying that no one had noticed his absence. 保罗但愿没有人注意到他的缺席。
[+ for]
•We’re praying for good weather tomorrow. 我们企盼明天会是好天气。
pray 2 adv. [sentence adverb 句子副词]
old-fashioned
used when politely asking a question or telling someone to do something
请，恳请〔用于礼貌地提问或叫某人做某事〕
SYN please 【过时】
•Pray be seated. 请坐。
•And who, pray tell , is this? 请问，这位是谁？
64
promptly
```
/'prɒmptli/
1.at the right time without being late
准时地，守时地
SYN on time
•She arrived promptly. 她准时到了。
2.immediately立即，马上
•She turned off the alarm and promptly went back to sleep. 她关掉闹钟，马上又睡着了。
3.without delay迅速地；立即
•A reply came very promptly. 马上就有了答复。
```
65
propel
/prə'pel/
pp: propelled pt: propelled pres part: propelling
1.to move, drive, or push something forward
推动；推进；驱动
RELTD propulsion
•a boat propelled by a small motor 由小马达驱动的小船
•One of our students was unable to propel her wheelchair up the ramp. 我们有名学生无法把她的轮椅推上坡道。
propel yourself along/through etc
•She used the sticks to propel herself along. 她拄着棍子往前走。
2.written to make someone move in a particular direction, especially by pushing them推搡〔某人走向特定方向〕
•He took her arm and propelled her towards the door. 他抓着她的手臂，推着她向门口走去。
3.to move someone into a new situation or make them do something
使处于…的境况；驱使，迫使
propel sb to/into sth
•The film propelled her to stardom. 那部电影让她成了明星。
•Company directors were propelled into action. 公司的董事们被迫采取行动。
66
prune
/pruːn/
1.to cut off some of the branches of a tree or bush to make it grow better修剪〔树枝〕
•The roses need pruning. 玫瑰需要修枝了。
2.to make something smaller by removing parts that you do not need or want删除，删节
•The company is pruning staff in order to reduce costs. 公司正在裁员以减少开支。
•The original version of the text has been pruned quite a bit. 原稿被大幅删节。
prune 2 n. [C ]
a dried plum , often cooked before it is eaten梅干，（洋）李脯
•stewed prunes 炖李脯
67
puritanical
/‚pjʊərɪ'tænɪk ə l◂,‚pjʊərə'tænɪk ə l◂/
very strict about moral matters, especially sex – used in order to show disapproval
道德作风〔尤指性方面〕极端严谨的，清教徒式的〔含贬义〕
•a puritanical father who wouldn’t let his children watch television 不让孩子看电视的清教徒式的父亲
•The atmosphere at the school was oppressively puritanical. 那所学校是清教徒式的风气，显得很压抑。
68
rage
/reɪdʒ/
MEANINGS 义项
1.[C,U] a strong feeling of uncontrollable anger盛怒，狂怒
•Sobbing with rage, Carol was taken to the hospital. 卡罗尔气得呜呜哭，被送往医院。
•Richens was 17 when he flew into a rage and stabbed another teenager. 里琴斯17岁那年一怒之下捅了一名少年。
in a rage
•Sam became quite frightening when he was in a rage. 萨姆发火的时候很吓人。
cry/scream/roar etc of rage
•Just then, she heard Mr Evan’s bellow of rage. 就在那时，她听到埃文先生一声怒吼。
red/dark/purple with rage
•His face was red with rage. 他气得满脸通红。
trembling/shaking with rage
•Forester stared at his car, trembling with rage. 福里斯特盯着他的汽车，气得浑身发抖。
seething/incandescent with rage (=as angry as a person can possibly be)怒不可遏
•Animal rights supporters were incandescent with rage. 动物权利保护者怒不可遏。
2.be all the rage
informal to be very popular or fashionable
流行，风靡一时
•DiCaprio became all the rage after starring in the film ‘Titanic’. 迪卡普里奥主演了电影《泰坦尼克号》之后迅速走红。
3.rage for sth
a situation in which something is very popular or fashionable某事物的流行
•the rage for mobile phones 移动电话的流行
rage 2 v. [I,T ]
written
1.to feel very angry about something and show this in the way you behave or speak
发怒；怒斥
•‘How was I to know!’ Jenny raged. “我怎么会知道！”珍妮怒道。
[+ at/against]
•He was sorry he had raged at her earlier. 他后悔之前对她发了火。
2.[I] if something such as a battle, a disagreement, or a storm rages, it continues with great violence or strong emotions
〔战斗、争论〕激烈进行；〔暴风雨〕肆虐
•Civil war has been raging in the country for years. 该国内战已持续多年。
•A debate is raging about what form pensions should take. 对于养老金应采用何种形式，正在进行一场激辩。
•Outside, a storm was raging. 屋外，暴风雨肆虐。
[+ on]
•The battle raged on (= continued ) . 战斗仍在激烈进行。
3.[I] if a fire or illness rages, it spreads fast and is hard to control〔火灾或疾病〕迅速蔓延，快速扩散
•
The fire raged for twelve hours and fifteen people died. 大火肆虐了12个小时，造成15人死亡。
•A great cholera epidemic raged across Europe in 1831. 1831 年欧洲各地霍乱
69
ragged
/'ræɡɪd,'ræɡəd/
MEANINGS 义项
```
1.CLOTHES ETC 衣服等
torn and in bad condition
破旧的
•the ragged blankets on the bed 床上的破毯子
•a raggedy hat 一顶破旧的帽子
2.PEOPLE 人
wearing clothes that are old and torn
衣衫褴褛的
•Crowds of ragged children played among the rocks. 一群群破衣烂衫的孩子在岩石间玩耍。
3.UNEVEN 不平的
having a rough uneven edge or surface
〔边缘〕参差不齐的；〔表面〕凹凸不平的
•The old photograph looked a little ragged at the edges. 这张旧相片的边缘有点磨破了。
•a ragged hole 边缘粗糙的洞
•raggedy hair 参差不齐的头发
DERIVATIVE 派生词
raggedly adv
•raggedly dressed 衣衫褴褛的
•She was breathing raggedly. 她呼吸急促。
raggedness n [U]
```
70
receptionist
/rɪ'sepʃ ə nɪst,rɪ'sepʃ ə nəst/
someone whose job is to welcome and deal with people arriving in a hotel or office building, visiting a doctor etc
接待员
71
retort
/rɪ'tɔːt/
to reply quickly, in an angry or humorous way〔愤怒或幽默地〕反驳，回嘴
THESAURUS answer
•‘It’s all your fault!’ he retorted. “那都是你的错！”他反驳道。
retort 2 n. [C ]
1.a short angry or humorous reply
〔简短而愤怒或幽默的〕反驳，回嘴
•He was about to make a sharp retort . 他正要尖刻地反驳。
2.a bottle with a long narrow bent neck, used for heating chemicals
曲颈甑，蒸馏甑，蒸馏器
72
reverently
adv. 虔诚地，恭敬地
reverent /'revərənt/
adj.尊敬的，恭敬的；虔诚的
73
ribbon
/'rɪbən/
1.PIECE OF CLOTH 布条
[C,U] a narrow piece of attractive cloth that you use, for example, to tie your hair or hold things together丝带，绸带
RELTD bow
•little girls with ribbons in their hair 头发上系着丝带的小姑娘们
•a bundle of letters tied with pale blue ribbon 一捆用淡蓝色丝带扎好的信
•The ribbon was cut and the new station was officially open. 剪彩后，新车站正式开始运营。
2.MILITARY HONOUR 军功
[C] a piece of ribbon with a special pattern on it that you wear to show that you have received a military honour
〔表示军功的〕绶带，勋带
3.PRIZE 奖品
[C] a length of coloured ribbon, sometimes arranged in the form of a flat flower, that is given as a prize in a competition
〔作为比赛奖品的〕绶带，花结
SYN rosette AmE,BrE 【美】,【英】
•For the second time she won the blue ribbon (= first prize ) . 这是她第二次赢得一等奖。
74
serialize
/'sɪəriəlaɪz/
also 又作 -ise
to print or broadcast a story in several separate parts〔小说等〕连载；连播
•His book was serialized in The New Yorker. 他的书在《纽约客》杂志上连载。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
serialization n /͵sɪrɪələˋzeʃən ; ‚sɪəriəlaɪ'zeɪʃ ə n / [C,U]
75
skyscraper
/'skaɪ‚skreɪpə/
a very tall modern city building
摩天大楼
76
sneer
/snɪə/
to smile or speak in a very unkind way that shows you have no respect for someone or something冷笑；嘲笑；讥讽
•‘Is that your best outfit?’ he sneered. “那就是你最好的衣服了？”他讥笑道。
[+ at]
•She sneered at Tom’s musical tastes. 她嘲笑汤姆的音乐品位。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
sneering adj
•a sneering tone 嘲笑的口吻
sneeringly adv
sneer 2 n. [C ]
an unkind smile or remark that shows you have no respect for something or someone
冷笑；嘲笑；讥讽
•‘You probably wouldn’t understand,’ he said with a sneer. “你可能明白不了。”他冷笑了一声说道。
77
sneer at
讥笑，嘲笑：
He was so cynical that he sneered at everything that made life worth living.
他也太玩世不恭了，凡是对人生有意义的事，他一概加以嘲笑。
78
sniff
/snɪf/
1.[I] to breathe air into your nose noisily, for example when you are crying or have a cold〔因哭泣、感冒等大声地〕以鼻吸气；抽鼻子
•Margaret sniffed miserably and nodded. 玛格丽特可怜地抽泣着点了点头。
•Stop sniffing and blow your nose. 别抽鼻子了，擤一擤鼻涕。
2.[I,T] to breathe air in through your nose in order to smell something嗅，闻
•He opened the milk and sniffed it. 他打开牛奶闻了闻。
[+ at]
•The dog was sniffing at the carpet. 这条狗在嗅地毯。
3.[T] to say something in a way that shows you think something is not good enough
嗤之以鼻地说，轻蔑地说
•‘Is that all?’ she sniffed. “就那些？”她不屑地说道。
PHRVB 短语动词
sniff at sthphr v
1.sth is not to be sniffed at used to say that something is good enough to be accepted or considered seriously
某事值得接受[认真考虑]，某事不可轻视
•An 8% salary increase is not to be sniffed at. 8% 的加薪不可不考虑呀。
2.to refuse something in a proud way, or behave as if something is not good enough for you对…不以为然[不当回事]
•He sniffed at my choice of restaurants and suggested his own favorite. 他对我挑选的餐馆不以为然，提出去他喜欢的那家。
sniff sth ←→ outphr v
1.to discover or find something by its smell
靠嗅觉发现，嗅出
•A customs officer came round with a dog to sniff out drugs. 一名海关官员带了一条狗过来嗅探毒品。
2.to find out or discover something
找出；发现；发觉
•Vic’s been trying to sniff out where you went last night. 维克一直在打听昨晚你去了什么地方。
sniff 2 n. [C ]
1.when you breathe in air noisily through your nose, for example in order to smell something, because you have a cold, or in order to show your disapproval抽鼻子；哼
•a sniff of disapproval 哼一声表示反对
•She gave a loud sniff . 她很响地抽了一下鼻子。
2.informal a small amount or sign of something少许；一丝迹象
SYN hint BrE 【英，非正式】
[+ of]
•He got us into this mess, and then left at the first sniff of trouble ! 他给我们惹了这样的麻烦，然后一看情况不妙就溜之大吉了！
3.have a sniff around/round
informal to examine a place carefully
仔细检查
79
society
/sə'saɪɪti,sə'saɪəti/
pl: societies
1.PEOPLE IN GENERAL 人的总称
[U] people in general, considered in relation to the laws, organizations etc that make it possible for them to live together社会
•technology and its effects on modern society 科技及其对现代社会的影响
•Children are the most vulnerable members of society . 儿童是最脆弱的社会成员。
2.A PARTICULAR GROUP 某一群体
[C,U] a particular large group of people who share laws, organizations, customs etc
社会〔指有共同的法律、组织、习俗等的特定群体〕
•Britain is now a multiracial society. 英国现在是一个多种族社会。
•the capitalist societies of the West 西方资本主义社会
•the conservative segment of American society 美国社会中的保守派
3.CLUB 社团
[C] an organization or club with members who share similar interests, aims etc
社团，协会
THESAURUS organization
•the university film society 大学电影协会
•the American Cancer Society 美国癌症学会
[+ of]
•the Society of Black Lawyers 黑人律师协会
80
solemnly
```
adv.
庄严地；严肃地
solemn /'sɔləm/
adj.
1.严肃的，庄重的
2.严肃认真的，郑重的，严正的
3.庄严的；隆重的
```
81
spank
```
/spæŋk/
to hit a child on their bottom with your open hand, as a punishment
〔用手掌〕打〔小孩〕的屁股
SYN smack
THESAURUS hit
DERIVATIVE 派生词
spank n [C]
•a spank on the bottom 打一记屁股
```
82
spark
/spɑːk/
FIRE 火
[C] a very small piece of burning material produced by a fire or by hitting or rubbing two hard objects together火花，火星
•sparks from the fire 火里飞出的火星
•The scrape of metal on metal sent up a shower of sparks . 金属之间互相摩擦，迸出一串火星。
2.ELECTRICITY 电
[C] a flash of light caused by electricity passing across a space
电火花
•electric sparks from a broken wire 一根破损电线迸出的电火花
3.spark of interest/excitement/anger etc
a small amount of a feeling or quality
一点点兴趣/激动/怒气等
•Rachel looked at her and felt a spark of hope. 蕾切尔看着她，感到了一线希望。
spark 2 v.
1.[T] to be the cause of something, especially trouble or violence引起，导致〔尤指骚乱或暴力〕
SYN provoke
•The police response sparked outrage in the community. 警方的反应激起了民愤。
•A discarded cigarette sparked a small brush fire. 一个乱扔的烟头引起了一场小小的灌木丛火灾。
2.spark sb’s interest/hope/curiosity etc
to make someone feel interested, hopeful etc激起某人的兴趣/希望/好奇心等
•topics that spark children’s imaginations 激发儿童想象力的话题
3.[I] to produce sparks of fire or electricity
产生火花[电火花]
83
speck
```
/spek/
a very small mark, spot, or piece of something小斑点；小片
THESAURUS piece
→ see picture at 见 piece 1
[+ of]
•a speck of dust 一粒灰尘
```
84
spice
/spaɪs/
1.[C,U] a type of powder or seed, taken from plants, that you put into food you are cooking to give it a special taste
〔从植物中提取用于烹调的〕香料
RELTD spicy
•herbs and spices 香草和香料
2.[singular, U,单数] interest or excitement that is added to something
〔为某事增添的〕趣味，情趣，风味
→ at 见 variety
•Travel adds spice to your life. 旅行为生活增添情趣。
spice 2 (spice up) v. [T ]
1.to add interest or excitement to something
使增添趣味
•Millions have bought the book to spice up their sex lives. 许许多多的人都买了这本书为他们的性生活增添乐趣。
2.to add spice to food
给〔食物〕加香料
[+ with]
•baked apples spiced with cinnamon 加了肉桂的烤苹果
85
squarely
/'skweəli/
1.directly and firmly直接地；坚定地
•He turned and faced her squarely. 他转过身来和她正面相对。
•She hit him squarely on the nose. 她不偏不倚地打在他的鼻子上。
2.completely and with no doubt
完全地，毫无疑问地
•The blame lies squarely on the shoulders of the police. 责任全在警方身上。
3.straight on something and centrally
端端正正地
SYN square
•Dr Soames jammed his hat squarely on his head. 索姆斯博士把帽子端端正正戴在头上。
86
stay-at home
不爱出门的人，恋家的人
87
stimulus
/'stɪmjʊləs,'stɪmjələs/
pl: stimuli
1.[C usually singular, U,一般用单数] something that helps a process to develop more quickly or more strongly刺激（物）；促进因素
•Tax cuts provided the stimulus which the slow economy needed. 减税为不景气的经济带来了其所需的刺激。
[+ to]
•The discovery of oil acted as a stimulus to industrial development. 石油的发现对工业发展是一个促进因素。
2.[C] something that makes someone or something move or react
〔使人或物产生反应的〕刺激，刺激物
•At this age, the infant begins to react more to visual stimuli. 到了这个年龄段，婴儿开始对视觉刺激有了更多的反应。
88
stockholder
/'stɒk‚həʊldə/
someone who owns stocks in a business
股票持有人，股东
SYN shareholder BrE 【尤美】,【英】
89
stout
```
/staʊt/
1.fairly fat and heavy, or having a thick body
肥胖粗壮的
•a short, stout man 一个矮胖的男人
2.literary strong and thick
粗壮结实的
SYN sturdy 【文】
•a stout pair of shoes 一双厚实耐穿的鞋子
3.formal brave and determined英勇不屈的
stout defence/support/resistance
•He put up a stout defence in court. 他在法庭上进行了顽强的抗辩。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
stoutly adv
•She stoutly denied the rumours. 她坚决否认那些谣传。
stoutness n [U]
stout 2 n. [U ]
strong dark beer（烈性的）黑啤酒
```
90
string
/strɪŋ/
1.THREAD 线
[C,U] a strong thread made of several threads twisted together, used for tying or fastening things〔由几股合成的〕线；细绳；带子
RELTD rope
→ see picture at 见 rope 1
•Her key hung on a string around her neck. 她的钥匙穿了根绳子挂在脖子上。
•a ball of string 一团细绳
•I need a piece of string to tie this package. 我需要一根绳子来捆这个包裹。
2.GROUP/SERIES 组/系列
[C]
a number of similar things or events coming one after another 一连串，一系列〔事件等〕
[+ of]
•a string of hit albums 一系列热门专辑
a group of similar things 一系列〔类似的事物〕
[+ of]
•She owns a string of health clubs. 她拥有多家健身俱乐部。
a group of letters, words, or numbers, especially in a computer program 〔尤指计算机程序中的〕字符串
3.no strings (attached)
having no special conditions or limits on an agreement, relationship etc
〔协议、关系等〕无附带条件的，无任何限制的
•The policy offers 15% interest, with no strings attached. 这份保单提供 15% 的利息，没有任何附带条件。
→ g-string → at 见 long →how long is a piece of string? at 见 long9 → at 见 pull →pull strings at 见 pull8 → at 见 pull →pull the/sb’s strings at 见 pull9 → at 见 purse →the purse strings at 见 purse5
string 2 v. [T ]
pp: strung pt: strung
1.to put things together onto a thread, chain etc用〔线、链等〕穿起来
•beads strung on a silver chain 穿在银链上的珠子
2.[always + adv/prep] to hang things in a line, usually high in the air, especially for decoration悬挂〔尤指作为装饰〕
string sth along/across etc sth
•Christmas lights were strung from one end of Main Street to the other. 梅因街从这头到那头都悬挂着圣诞节彩灯。
3.be strung (out) along/across etc sth
written to be spread out in a line
沿某物排成一列
•The houses and shops were strung out along the bay. 住宅和店铺沿海湾排成一行。
→ at 见 highly →highly-strung at 见 highly4
PHRVB 短语动词
string alongphr v
1.string sb along to deceive someone for a long time by making them believe that you will help them, that you love them etc
哄骗某人；愚弄某人
•He’s just stringing you along. 他只是哄哄你而已。
2.to go somewhere with someone for a short time, especially because you do not have anything else to do
〔尤因没有别的事情干而〕跟随，暂与〔某人〕结伴
•If you’re going into town, I’ll string along with you.如果你要进城，我就跟你去。
string sth ←→ outphr v
1.to make something continue longer than it should使拖长，拉长
•Rebel leaders attempted to string out negotiations to avoid reaching a settlement. 叛军首领企图拖延谈判，避免达成协议。
string sth ←→ togetherphr v
1.string words/a sentence together to manage to say or write something that other people can understand
说出[写出]让人听懂的话/句子
•He was so drunk he could hardly string two words together. 他醉得几乎说话都不成句了。
2.to combine things in order to make something that is complete, good, useful etc
把…拼在一起
•They string together image after image until the documentary is completed. 他们把画面一幅一幅拼接起来，直到做成完整的纪录片。
91
submarine
```
/'sʌbməriːn/
also 又作 sub
a ship, especially a military one, that can stay under water潜（水）艇
•a nuclear submarine 核潜艇
submarine 2 adj. [only before noun 仅用于名词前]
growing or used under the sea
生于海底[海中]的；海底使用的
•submarine plant life 海生植物
```
92
a string of
一系列，一串
93
supplement
/'sʌplɪmənt,'sʌpləmənt/
1.something that you add to something else to improve it or make it complete
增补物，补充物，补给品
•vitamins and other dietary supplements 各种维生素和其他膳食补充剂
[+ to]
•The payments are a supplement to his usual salary. 这些钱是他平常工资之外的补充。
2.an additional part at the end of a book, or a separate part of a newspaper, magazine etc
〔书的〕附录；补编；补遗；〔报纸、杂志的〕增刊
•the Sunday supplements 星期天的增刊
3.an amount of money that is added to the price of a service, hotel room etc
〔服务、宾馆房费等的〕附加费
•Single rooms are available at a supplement. 有单人房，费用另计。
sup‧ple‧ment 2 /'sʌplɪment,'sʌpləment,ˋsʌplə͵mɛnt/ v. [T ] AC
英 /'sʌplɪment,'sʌpləment/
to add something, especially to what you earn or eat, in order to increase it to an acceptable level补充，增补，增加
supplement sth by/with sth
•Kia supplements her regular salary by tutoring in the evenings. 基亚晚上做家庭教师来帮补固定的薪水。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
supplementation n /͵sʌpləmɛnˋteʃən ; ‚sʌplɪmen'teɪʃ ə n,‚sʌpləmen'teɪʃ ə n / [U]
94
synthetically
| =artifically
```
adv.综合地；合成地
synthetic /sin'θetik/
adj.
1.综合的(相对于 analytic)
2.合成的，人造的；合成燃料的
3.(语言)综合性的[参较 analytic,polysynthetic]
n.合成物；合成纤维；合成剂
```
95
transatlantic
‚trænzət'læntɪk◂/
1.crossing the Atlantic Ocean
横跨大西洋的
•transatlantic flights 飞越大西洋的航班
2.involving countries on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean大西洋两岸国家的
•a transatlantic agreement 大西洋两岸国家的一项协定
3.on the other side of the Atlantic Ocean
大西洋彼岸的
•one of America’s transatlantic military bases 美国在大西洋彼岸的一个军事基地
96
tuck
/tʌk/
1.[T always + adv/prep] to push something, especially the edge of a piece of cloth or paper, into or behind something so that it looks tidier or stays in place
把〔布或纸张的边缘〕塞进〔某处〕
tuck sth in
•Jack tucked his shirt in. 杰克把衬衫掖进裤腰里。
tuck sth into/under/behind etc sth
•She tucked an unruly lock of hair behind her ear. 她把一缕不听话的头发撩到耳后。
2.[T always + adv/prep] to put something into a small space, especially in order to protect, hide, carry, or hold it
把…藏起来
tuck sth behind/under/into etc sth
•Giles was tucking his pile of books under his arm. 贾尔斯腋下夹着他的那摞书。
•He took the glasses off and tucked them in his pocket. 他摘下眼镜，塞到口袋里。
3.[T] to put a tuck (= special fold ) in a piece of clothing
在〔衣服上〕缝褶子，给…打裥
PHRVB 短语动词
tuck sth ←→ awayphr v
1.be tucked away undefined
if a place is tucked away, it is in a quiet area
〔某处所〕隐藏在〔寂静的地方〕
•The village of Eyam is tucked away behind the hills.
if someone or something is tucked away, they are hidden or difficult to find
躲藏，隐藏；被收藏
•The envelope was tucked away in her jewel box.
2.to store something, especially money, in a safe place
把 尤指钱〕藏在安全处
•Every member of the family can now tuck away either £9 or £18 a month in one of these savings plans. 按照其中一项储蓄计划，现在家里的每个成员每月都可以存下9英镑或18英镑的钱。
3.to eat a lot of food, usually quickly and with enjoyment
大吃〔常指狼吞虎咽，吃得很香〕
tuck inphr v
1.tuck sb in to make a child comfortable in bed by arranging the sheets around them
帮助〔孩子〕盖好被子，给…掖好被子
2.tuck sth ←→ in to move a part of your body inwards so that it does not stick out so much
使〔身体的某一部分〕收紧
•Stand up straight and tuck in your tummy. 站直，收腹。
3.to eat something eagerly大吃
•The ice creams came and we tucked in. 冰激凌来了，我们开始大吃起来。
•They tucked into a hearty breakfast of eggs. 他们吃了一顿丰盛的鸡蛋早餐。
tuck sb ←→ upphr v
1.to make someone comfortable in bed by arranging the sheets around them
帮助…盖好被子，给…掖好被子
•Dad tucked me up in his and Carrie’s bed. 爸爸把我安顿在他和卡丽的床上。
2.be tucked up in bed to be lying or sitting in bed
卧[坐]在床上
•I ought to be tucked up in bed now. 我现在该到床上去了。
tuck 2 n.
1.[C] a narrow flat fold of cloth sewn into a piece of clothing for decoration or to give it a special shape〔衣服的〕褶，裥
2.[C] a small medical operation done to make your face or stomach look flatter and younger面部[腹部]塑形小手术
•a tummy tuck 腹部塑形手术
3.[U] old-fashioned cakes, sweets etc – used especially by schoolchildren
糖果糕点〔尤为学童使用〕
•the school tuck shop 学校糖果食品店
97
vessel
```
/'vesəl/
1.formal a ship or large boat船；舰
•a fishing vessel 渔船
2.technical a veinin your body血管
•a burst blood vessel 破裂的血管
3.old use a container for holding liquids
〔盛液体用的〕容器，器皿
```
98
virtually
/'vɜːtʃuəli/
1.almost实际上，几乎，差不多
SYN practically
THESAURUS almost
•Virtually all the children come to school by bus. 几乎所有的孩子都乘公交车上学。
•He was virtually unknown before running for office. 他在参加竞选之前几乎不为人知。
2.on a computer, rather than in the real world虚拟地，模拟地
•Professors can help students virtually by communicating over the Internet. 教授可通过网上交流的方式帮助学生。
99
visualizer
```
n.视觉型的人；观察仪；想像者
visualize /'vizjuəlaiz/
vt.
1.想像；设想；使形象化：
I cannot visualize what he looked like.
我想像不出他是什么样子。
2.(用X射线等)使(体内器官)显影，使显现
vi.
1.想像
2.显影，显形[英国英语亦作visualise]
```
100
warden
/'wɔːdn/
1.a person who is responsible for a particular place and whose job is to make sure its rules are obeyed
〔监督规章制度执行的〕监察员，管理人
→ churchwarden → game warden → traffic warden
[+ of]
•the warden of the college 学院的院长
forest/park etc warden 护林员/公园管理员等
2.the person in charge of a prison监狱长
SYN governor AmE,BrE 【美】,【英】
3.someone who takes care of a building and the people in it, for example a place such as a home for old people
〔养老院等的〕管理员，监管员
101
wharf
/wɔːf/
pl: wharves
a structure that is built out into the water so that boats can stop next to it码头
102
whereabouts
/‚weərə'baʊts◂/
spoken
used to ask in what general area something or someone is
在哪里，在哪一带〔用于询问大概地点〕
•Whereabouts do you live? 你住在哪一带？
where‧a‧bouts 2 /'weərəbaʊts,ˋwɛrə͵bauts/ n. [plural 复数]
英 /'weərəbaʊts/
the place or area where someone or something is
〔某人或某物的〕去向，行踪
THESAURUS place
•He showed great reluctance to reveal his whereabouts. 他极不愿意说出他的行踪。
[+ of]
•The police want to know the whereabouts of his brother. 警方想知道他弟弟的下落。
103
game warden
野生动物保护区的〕看守人
104
whizz
```
/wɪz/
【英】,【美】
1.[always + adv/prep] informal
[always + adv/prep]
to move very quickly, often making a sound like something rushing through the air 嗖嗖地飞驰
•An ambulance whizzed past. 一辆救护车呼啸而过。
•I saw a big piece of metal whizzing through the air. 我看见一大块金属嗖地在空中飞过。
to do something very quickly 迅速地做
[+ through]
•Let’s just whizz through it one more time. 我们就快速地再来一遍吧。
2.spoken to urinate
撒尿
whizz 2 (whiz) n.
1.[C] informal someone who is very fast, intelligent, or skilled in a particular activity
快手，高手，能人
•a math whiz 数学高手
2.take a whiz
spoken to urinate
撒尿
3.[C,U] informal [object Object] amphetamine
苯丙胺，安非他明
```
105
whizz around the moon
飞速的绕着月球行驶
106
wire
/waɪə/
[C,U] thin metal in the form of a thread, or a piece of this金属丝[线]
→ barbed wire → high wire → tripwire
•copper wire 铜丝
•a wire fence 铁丝网
2.[C] a piece of metal like this, used for carrying electrical currents or signals
电线
•a telephone wire 电话线
3.get your wires crossed
to become confused about what someone is saying because you think they are talking about something else
弄错别人的意思，误会
wire 2 v. [T ]
1.to connect wires inside a building or piece of equipment so that electricity can pass through 给…接上电线；接通〔电源〕
•Check that the plug has been wired up properly. 检查插头是否插好。
to connect electrical equipment to the electrical system using wires 用导线将〔设备〕连接到〔电气系统〕
wire sth to sth
•The CD player had been wired up to the car’s cigarette lighter. 激光唱片播放机已和汽车的点烟器连接。
2.to send money electronically
电汇〔钱〕
3.to attach a piece of recording equipment to a person or room, especially secretly
给…安装窃听器
107
expedition
/‚ekspɪ'dɪʃən,‚ekspə'dɪʃən/
1.[C] a long and carefully organized journey, especially to a dangerous or unfamiliar place, or the people that make this journey
远征；探险；远征队；探险队
THESAURUS journey
•an expedition to the North Pole 北极探险
•another Qomolangma expedition 又一次珠穆朗玛峰探险
on an expedition
•He went on an expedition to Borneo. 他去婆罗洲探险了。
2.[C] a short journey, usually made for a particular purpose
〔一般指有特定目的的〕短途出行
SYN trip
•a shopping expedition 购物之行
•a fishing expedition 钓鱼之行
108
yolk
```
yolk /jəʊk,jok/ n. [C,U ]
英 /jəʊk/
the yellow part in the centre of an egg
蛋黄
RELTD white albumen
```
109
light up
照亮；点亮
110
worn out
疲惫不堪的；耗尽的
111
voyage
/'vɔɪɪdʒ/
n. 航行；航程；旅行记
vi. 航行；航海
vt. 飞过；渡过
112
fork
/fɔrk/
n. 叉；餐叉；耙
vt. 叉起；使成叉状
vi. 分叉；分歧
113
tube
```
/tub/
n. 管；电子管；隧道；电视机
vt. 使成管状；把…装管；用管输送
vi. 乘地铁；不及格
过去式 tubed过去分词 tubed现在分词 tubing
```
114
beyond any doubt
毫无疑问
115
admirer
/əd'maɪərɚ/
| n. 爱慕者；赞赏者；钦佩者
116
fetch
/fɛtʃ/
vt. 取来；接来；到达；吸引
vi. 拿；取物；卖得
n. 取得；诡计
117
fashionable
/'fæʃnəbl/
adj. 流行的；时髦的；上流社会的
1.fashionable 时髦的，流行的
popular at a particular time
•fashionable clothes 时髦的衣服
•It was fashionable to have red hair. 染红头发很时髦。
•His theories were fashionable in the 1980s. 他的理论在20世纪80年代风靡一时。
2.trendy 时尚的〔略带贬义或玩笑意味〕
modern and fashionable – often used in a slightly disapproving or joking way
•a trendy tie 一条时髦的领带
•a trendy restaurant 一家时尚餐厅
•The area has become very trendy and a lot of artists live there. 这个地区变得很时尚，住了许多艺术家。
3.stylish 时髦的，有格调的
fashionable and well-designed in an attractive way
•She was wearing a stylish two-piece suit. 她穿着时髦的两件式套装。
•The furniture looked very stylish and modern. 这些家具看上去相当时髦而现代。
118
bah
```
/bɑː/
old-fashioned
used to show disapproval of something
呸！〔用于表示贬斥〕
•Bah! That’s stupid. 呸！ 真蠢！
```
119
cart
/kɑːt/
1.a vehicle with no roof that is pulled by a horse and used for carrying heavy things
〔运重物的敞篷〕马车
→ handcart
2.a large wire basket on wheels that you use in a supermarket
〔超市里的〕手推车，购物车
SYN trolley AmE,BrE 【美】,【英】
3.the place on an Internet shopping website where you put things that you wish to buy
〔购物网站的〕购物车
→ at 见 upset →upset the apple cart at 见 upset5
cart 2 v. [T always + adv/prep ]
1.to take something somewhere in a cart, truck etc用车装运
cart sth away
•Household waste is carted away by the city’s Sanitation Department. 家庭垃圾由城市卫生部门用车运走。
2.informal to carry something somewhere, especially something that is heavy or difficult to carry搬运〔笨重物品〕
•We carted all the furniture upstairs. 我们把所有的家具都搬上楼去。
PHRVB 短语动词
cart sb off/awayphr v
to take someone somewhere, especially to prison or hospital
抓走，带走，送走〔尤指进监狱或医院〕
•He collapsed and had to be carted off to hospital. 他晕倒了，只好送到医院去。
120
religious
/rɪ'lɪdʒəs/
1.relating to religion in general or to a particular religion宗教的
•I don’t share her religious beliefs . 她的宗教信仰和我的不同。
•a religious school 宗教学校
•the dates of major religious observances such as Easter or Christmas 复活节和圣诞节等重要宗教节日的日期
2.believing strongly in your religion and obeying its rules carefully
笃信宗教的，虔诚的
•My aunt’s a deeply religious person. 我姑母是个非常虔诚的信徒。
THESAURUS 词语辨析
RELATING TO RELIGION 与宗教有关的
1.religious 宗教的
relating to religion
•the country’s religious leaders 该国的宗教领袖
•the importance of religious freedom 宗教自由的重要性
2.spiritual 精神的，心灵的
relating to matters of the human spirit, rather than the physical world
•Spiritual leaders 精神领袖
•spiritual values 精神价值
•We tend to ignore people’s spiritual needs, and focus too much on material things. 我们往往忽视人们的精神需求，而过多注重物质。
BELIEVING IN A RELIGION 信仰宗教的
1.religious 笃信宗教的，虔诚的
believing strongly in a religion and obeying its rules
•My father was a very religious man. 我父亲是个很虔诚的教徒。
•Are you religious? 你信教吗？
2.devout 虔诚的
having a very strong belief in a religion
•a devout Catholic 一个虔诚的天主教徒
NOT BELIEVING IN GOD OR RELIGION 不信仰上帝或宗教的
1.atheist 无神论者；无神论（者）的
someone who does not believe that God exists
•She says she is an atheist. 她自称是无神论者。
•atheist propaganda 无神论宣传
2.agnostic 不可知论者；不可知论（者）的
someone who believes that people cannot know whether God exists or not
•I think I’d describe myself as an agnostic. 应该说我是个不可知论者。
•a group of prominent agnostic scientists 一群持不可知论的著名科学家
DERIVATIVE 派生词
religiosity n /rɪ͵lɪdʒɪˋɑsətɪ ; rɪ‚lɪdʒi'ɒsɪti,rɪ‚lɪdʒi'ɒsəti / [U]
121
church-goer
/'tʃɜːtʃ‚ɡəʊə/
someone who goes to church regularly
按时去教堂做礼拜的人
122
attic
/'ætɪk/
| n. 阁楼；顶楼；鼓室上的隐窝
123
in a rage
一怒之下
124
fling
```
/flɪŋ/
vt. 掷，抛；嘲笑；使陷入；轻蔑地投射；猛动
n. 掷，抛；嘲弄；急冲
vi. 猛冲，急行
过去式 flung过去分词 flung现在分词 flinging
```
125
manuscript
/'mænjuskrɪpt/
n. [图情] 手稿；原稿
adj. 手写的
126
fidget
/'fɪdʒɪt/
vi. 烦躁；坐立不安；玩弄
n. 烦躁；坐立不安；烦躁不安的人
vt. 使不安；使烦乱
127
best seller
畅销书或唱片；畅销书作者
128
civilized language
文明语言
129
crater
/'kretɚ/
n. 火山口；弹坑
vt. 在…上形成坑；取消；毁坏
vi. 形成坑；消亡
130
volcano
/vɑl'keno/ n. 火山
131
a lava stream
/'lɑvə/
n. 火山岩浆；火山所喷出的熔岩
熔岩流
132
progress
/'prɑɡrɛs/
n. 进步，发展；前进
vi. 前进，进步；进行
133
make bets on
/bɛt/
n. 打赌，赌注；被打赌的事物
vt. 打赌；敢断定，确信
vi. 打赌
134
on the horizon
在地平线上；即将来临的
135
steamship
/'stim'ʃɪp/ n. 轮船；汽船
136
fancy
/'fænsi/
n. 幻想；想象力；爱好
adj. 想象的；奇特的；昂贵的；精选的
vt. 想象；喜爱；设想；自负
vi. 幻想；想象
137
automobile
,ɔtəmə'bil/
n. 汽车
vt. 驾驶汽车
[ 过去式 automobiled 过去分词 automobiled 现在分词 automobiling ]
138
bullet
/'bʊlɪt/
n. 子弹；只选某党全部候选人的投票；豆子
vi. 射出；迅速行进
139
gossip
/'ɡɑsɪp/
n. 小道传闻；随笔；爱说长道短的人
vi. 闲聊；传播流言蜚语
140
Slav
/slɑ:v; slæv/
adj. 斯拉夫人的；斯拉夫语的
n. 斯拉夫人
141
Pole
n. 杆；极点；电极
vt. 用竿支撑
n. 波兰人
142
former espionage agent
| 老牌间谍
```
/'fɔrmɚ/ adj. 从前的，前者的；前任的
n. 模型，样板；起形成作用的人
espionage agent 间谍
/'ɛspɪənɑʒ/ n. 间谍；间谍活动；刺探
/'edʒənt/
n. 代理人，代理商；药剂；特工
vt. 由…作中介；由…代理
adj. 代理的
```
143
diplomatic
/,dɪplə'mætɪk/
| adj. 外交的；外交上的；老练的
144
corp
/'kɔrp/
| abbr. 公司（等于corporation ）
145
utter
/'ʌtɚ/
vt. 发出，表达；发射
adj. 完全的；彻底的；无条件的
146
wager
/'weɪdʒə/
n. 赌注；赌博；赌物
vi. 打赌
vt. 下赌注
147
wage
/wedʒ/
vi. 进行；发动；从事
n. 工资；代价；报偿
vt. 进行；开展
148
draw up to
draw up
| 草拟，起草；停住；使靠近
149
fireplace
/'faɪɚples/
| n. 壁炉
150
brewer
/'bruɚ/
n. 啤酒制造者；阴谋家
n. (Brewer)人名；(英)布鲁尔
151
whist
/wɪst/
adj. 无声的；安静的
int. 嘘！；肃静！
n. 扑克牌游戏的一种
adv. 无声地；安静地
152
robbery
/'rɑbəri/
n. 抢劫，盗窃；抢掠
复数 robberies
153
the Continent
欧洲大陆
154
slip through sb's fingers
逃脱某人的手掌心
155
make off with
带…而逃；偷走
156
remark
/rɪ'mɑrk/
n. 注意；言辞
vt. 评论；觉察
vi. 谈论
157
a pack of
```
一包；（野兽等的）一群；一盒
pack/pæk/
n. 包装；一群；背包；包裹；一副
vt. 包装；压紧；捆扎；挑选；塞满
vi. 挤；包装货物；被包装；群集
```
158
banknote
note a piece of paper money
钞票，纸币
SYN bill BrE,AmE 【英】,【美】
159
chief
/tʃif/
n. 首领；酋长；主要部分
adj. 首席的；主要的；主任的
adv. 主要地；首要地
160
cashier
/kæ'ʃɪr/
n. 出纳员；司库；收银员
vt. 解雇；抛弃
161
have sb's eyes everywhere
眼观六路，耳听八方
162
guard
/ɡɑrd/
n. 守卫；警戒；护卫队；防护装置
vi. 警惕
vt. 保卫；监视
163
grating
```
/'gretɪŋ/
简明 朗文 柯林斯 21世纪 例句 百科
adj. 刺耳的；磨擦的
n. [光] 光栅；摩擦，摩擦声；格子
v. 磨碎；擦响；激怒（grate的ing形式）
```
164
well-to-do
adj. 小康的；富裕的
165
air
/ɛr/ n. 空气，大气；天空；样子；曲调
vt. 使通风，晾干；夸耀 vi. 通风.
gas 气体
[U] the mixture of gases around the Earth, that we breathe
空气
→ at 见 breath
•Let’s go outside and get some fresh air. 我们出去呼吸些新鲜空气吧。
•You need to put some air in the tyres. 你得给轮胎充气了。
in the air
•There was a strong smell of burning in the air. 空气中有一股浓烈的焦味。
2.the air
space above the ground 空中
the space above the ground or around things空中，天空
into the air
•Flames leapt into the air. 火苗蹿向天空。
through the air
•He fell 2,000 metres through the air without a parachute. 他没用降落伞在空中下落了2,000米。
3.planes 飞机
travelling by, or using, a plane 乘飞机
•I’d prefer to travel by air. 我喜欢坐飞机出行。
relating to or involving planes 航空
•the victims of Britain’s worst air disaster 英国最大空难的死难者
•Air travel was growing rapidly. 航空旅行在迅速增长。
•air traffic congestion 空中交通阻塞
•His brother died in an air crash . 他的兄弟死于一场空难。
→ hot air → on-air → at 见 clear →clear the air at 见 clear15 → at 见 thin →disappear/vanish into thin air at 见 thin15 → at 见 thin →out of thin air at 见 thin16
COLLOCATIONS 词语搭配
1.adjectives 形容词
fresh 新鲜的
•She opened the window to let in some fresh air. 她打开窗户放进一些新鲜空气来。
clean 干净的
•London’s air is cleaner than it has been at any time since 1585. 伦敦的空气比1585年以来的任何时候都要干净。
warm/hot 温暖的/炎热的
•Warm air rises and is replaced by cooler and denser air. 暖空气上升，取而代之的是较为凉爽、密度较大的空气。
cool/cold 凉（爽）的/寒冷的
•The air had turned a little cooler. 空气变凉了一些。
crisp(=pleasantly cool) 凉爽的
•the crisp autumn air 秋天凉爽的空气
clear 晴朗的
damp/humid 潮湿的
polluted 受污染的
stale(=not fresh and often full of smoke) 污浊的
the air is thin(=there is less oxygen because you are in a high place) 空气稀薄
the morning/evening/night air 早晨/傍晚/夜晚的空气
the sea/mountain/country air 海边/山里/乡间的空气
the still air(=air in which there is no wind) 凝滞的空气
2.air + noun 名词
air pollution 空气污染
•Most air pollution is caused by cars. 空气污染主要是由汽车引起的。
the air quality 空气质量
•The air quality is very poor on hot days. 高温天气时的空气质量非常差。
the air pressure 气压
3.phrases 短语
a breath of air 透气
•I went outside for a breath of air. 我到外面去透透气。
a rush/blast/stream of air 一股风
a current of air 一股气流
air 2 v.
1.opinion 观点
[T] to express your opinions publicly
公开发表〔看法〕
THESAURUS say
air your views/grievances/complaints etc
•Staff will get a chance to ask questions and air their views. 员工将有机会提问并发表意见。
2.tv/radio 电视/无线电
[I,T] to broadcast a programme on television or radio播放，广播
•KPBS airs such popular children’s programs as ‘Barney’ and ‘Sesame Street’. KPBS电视台播出《小博士邦尼》、《芝麻街》等受欢迎的儿童节目。
•The program is due to air next month. 这个节目将于下月播出。
3.room 房间
[T] to let fresh air into a room, especially one that has been closed for a long time使通风
→ airing → at 见 dirty →air your dirty laundry at 见 dirty7
166
with a well-to-do air
有着富裕的气质；风度
167
commit
/kə'mɪt/
pp: committed pt: committed pres part: committing
1.CRIME 罪行
[T] to do something wrong or illegal
犯〔错误或罪行〕•
Women commit fewer crimes than men. 女性犯罪比男性少。
commit murder/rape/arson etc
•Brady committed a series of brutal murders. 布雷迪犯下了一连串残忍的谋杀案。
2.commit suicide
to kill yourself deliberately自杀
3.commit adultery
if a married person commits adultery, they have sex with someone who is not their husband or wife通奸
168
to and fro
来回地，往复地
169
stimulate
/'stɪmjʊleɪt,'stɪmjəleɪt/
1.to encourage or help an activity to begin or develop further刺激，促使，促进
OPP suppress
stimulate growth/demand/the economy etc
•the President’s plan to stimulate economic growth 总统刺激经济增长的计划
2.to encourage someone by making them excited about and interested in something
激发，鼓励，激励
•Her interest in art was stimulated by her father. 她对艺术的兴趣是她父亲激发的。
stimulate sb to do sth
•An inspiring teacher can stimulate students to succeed. 一位具启发能力的教师能够激励学生取得成功。
3.to make a plant or part of the body become active or stronger使活跃；使强壮
OPP suppress
•Light stimulates plant growth. 光促进植物的生长。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
stimulative adj /-͵letɪv ; -lətɪv /
stimulation n /͵stɪmjəˋleʃən ; ‚stɪmjʊ'leɪʃən,‚stɪmjə'leɪʃən / [U]
•Children need variety and stimulation. 小孩子需要变点花样并给点刺激。
170
zeal
/ziːl/
eagerness to do something, especially to achieve a particular religious or political aim
〔尤指实现宗教或政治目标的〕热情，热忱
religious/revolutionary/missionary etc zeal
•He approached the job with missionary zeal. 他以极大的热忱对待这份工作。
in your zeal to do sth
•In their zeal to catch drug dealers, police have ignored citizens’ basic civil rights. 警方抓捕毒贩心切，却忽略了市民基本的公民权利。
[+ for]
•their zeal for privatization 他们对私有化的热情
171
rubber
/'rʌbə/
1.[U] a substance used to make tyres, boots etc, which is made from the juice of a tropical tree or artificially橡胶；合成橡胶
•a rubber ball 橡皮球
2.→ see picture at 见 stationery
[C]a small piece of rubber or similar material used for removing pencil marks from paper 橡皮擦
an object used for cleaning marks from a blackboard 黑板擦
3.[C] informal a condom避孕套
172
in favour of
[作表语]赞成，主张，支持
2. 有利于
3. 以…为受款人
173
shrewd
/ʃruːd/
1.good at judging what people or situations are really like善于判断的，精明的，敏锐的
•Malcolm is a shrewd businessman. 马尔科姆是个精明的商人。
•She was shrewd enough to guess who was responsible. 她很精明，一猜就知道是谁干的。
•Capra looked at her with shrewd eyes. 卡普拉眼神犀利地看着她。
2.well judged and likely to be right
判断准确的，英明的
•a shrewd decision 英明的决定
•Bridget has a shrewd idea of what will sell. 布里奇特很清楚什么东西好卖。
DERIVATIVE 派生词
shrewdly adv
•‘Something tells me you’ve already decided,’ he said shrewdly. “我看出来你已经决定了。”他精明地说。
shrewdness n [U]
174
pshaw
/pʃɔː; ʃɔː/
n. 啐声；哼声
vi. 发啐声
vt. 对…发啐声
int. 哼（表示不耐烦等）
175
cut
/kʌt/
pp: cut pt: cut pres part: cutting
1.REDUCE 减少
[T] to reduce the amount of something
削减，裁减，减少
THESAURUS reduce
•They’re introducing CCTV cameras in an attempt to cut street crime in the area. 为了减少该地区的街头犯罪，他们安装了闭路电视摄像机。
•You need to cut the amount of fat and sugar in your diet. 你需要减少饮食中脂肪和糖的摄入量。
•Scientists are warning that unless carbon emissions are cut, we could be heading for an environmental catastrophe. 科学家警告说如果不减少碳排放量，我们可能会面临环境灾难。
•Seven hundred jobs will be lost in order to cut costs and boost profits. 为了降低成本，提高利润，将削减700个职位。
•The major aviation companies need to cut prices if they are to compete with budget airlines. 大航空公司如果想和廉价的航空公司竞争，就需要降低价格。
•Staffing levels had already been cut to the bone (= reduced to the lowest level possible ) . 人员配备已经削减到了最低限度。
cut sth by £1 million/$5 billion/half etc
•The welfare budget has been cut by $56 billion. 福利预算被削减了560亿美元。
cut sth off sth
•A new direct service will cut two hours off the flying time between London and Seoul. 新开设的直航服务将使伦敦与首尔之间的航程缩短两小时。
2.DIVIDE STH WITH A KNIFE, SCISSORS ETC 用刀、剪刀等分割某物
[I,T] to divide something or separate something from its main part, using scissors, a knife etc切，割，剪
→ cut away → cut off → cut out → cut up
•Do you want me to cut the cake? 要我切蛋糕吗？
•The telephone wires had been cut minutes before the assault. 袭击前几分钟，电话线已经被切断。
cut sth with sth
•Jane cut the cord with a knife. 简用小刀割断绳子。
cut sb sth
•Can you cut me a piece of bread, please? 你帮我切一块面包，好吗？
[+ along/across/round etc]
•Using a pair of scissors, cut carefully along the dotted lines. 用剪刀小心地沿虚线剪开。
[+ through]
•We’ll need a saw that will cut through metal. 我们需要一把可以切割金属的锯子。
cut sth in half/in two
•Cut the orange in half. 把橙子切成两半。
cut sth into slices/chunks/pieces etc (=make something into a particular shape by cutting)把某物切成薄片/大块/小块等
•Cut the carrots into thin strips. 把胡萝卜切成细条。
cut sth to size/length (=cut something so that it is the size you need)把某物切割成所需的大小/长度
•The curtain pole can be cut to length. 这根窗帘杆可以切割成需要的长度。
3.MAKE STH SHORTER WITH A KNIFE ETC 用刀等把某物切短
[T] to make something shorter with a knife, scissors etc, especially in order to make it neater修剪，修理
•For reasons of hygiene, we had to cut our fingernails really short. 为了衞生，我们要把指甲剪得很短。
cut the lawn/grass/hedge etc
•From outside came the sound of someone cutting the hedge. 外面传来有人修剪树篱的声音。
have/get your hair cut
•It’s about time you got your hair cut. 你该去把头发剪一剪了。
THESAURUS 词语辨析
1.cut 切，割，剪
to divide something into two or more pieces, especially using a knife or scissors
•Do you want me to cut the cake? 要我切蛋糕吗？
•He cut off the lower branches. 他剪掉了下面的树枝。
2.snip 〔迅速地〕剪
to quickly cut something, especially using scissors
•I snipped the label off. 我剪下标签。
•The hairdresser snipped away at her hair. 理发师剪掉她的头发。
3.slit 〔尤指用刀〕割，裁开
to make a long narrow cut through something, especially using a knife
•He slit the envelope open with a penknife. 他用一把小折刀划开信封。
•She slit through the plastic covering. 她在塑料盖上割开一道口子。
PHRVB 短语动词
cut across sthphr v
1.if a problem or feeling cuts across different groups of people, they are all affected by it
〔问题或情绪〕影响到〔不同群体〕
•Domestic violence seems to cut across most social divisions. 家庭暴力似乎存在于大部分的社会阶层。
cut sth ←→ awayphr v
1.to remove unwanted or unnecessary parts from something by cutting it
去掉；切掉；砍掉
•Cut away all the dead wood. 把枯木都砍掉。
cut backphr v
1.to reduce the amount, size, cost etc of something削减，缩减
•Richer countries must do more to cut back carbon emissions. 较富裕国家必须作出更大的努力减少碳排放量。
•Several major hospitals are cutting back on staff at the moment.现在有几家大医院正在裁员。
cut sth ←→ back
•Education spending cannot be cut back any further.教育支出再也不能缩减了。
cutback
2.cut sth ←→ back to remove the top part of a plant in order to help it to grow
修剪某植物
•Cut back the shoots in spring to encourage bushier growth. 春天要修剪新枝以促进植物生长得更加茂密。
3.to eat, drink, or use less of something, especially in order to improve your health
〔尤指为了改善健康而〕少吃，少喝，减少
•Try to cut back on foods containing wheat and dairy products.尽量少吃含小麦食品和奶制品。
cut 2 n. [C ] S2 W2
1.REDUCTION 减少
[usually plural,一般用复数] a reduction in the size or amount of something, especially the amount of money that is spent by a government or company
〔规模或数量，尤指政府或公司支出的〕削减，缩减，裁减
•There will be cuts across all levels of the company. 公司上下各级都将削减开支。
•The building plans could be hit by possible spending cuts . 这些建筑规划也许会因为支出可能缩减而受到影响。
[+ in]
•Cuts in public spending mean that fewer people can go on to higher education. 公共开支的缩减意味着能够接受高等教育的人数将会减少。
•The decision to make cuts in health care provision has been widely criticized. 削减医疗保健服务的决定遭到了广泛的批评。
tax/pay/job etc cuts
•A shorter working week will mean pay cuts for millions of workers. 缩短每周工作日将意味着几百万工人要降低工资。
[+ of]
•A cut of 1% in interest rates was announced yesterday. 昨天宣布利率下调1%。
2.SKIN WOUND 皮肤的伤口
a wound that is caused when something sharp cuts your skin伤口
THESAURUS injury
•That’s quite a nasty cut – you ought to get it seen to by a doctor. 这个伤口很严重，你应该让医生处理一下。
•The driver escaped with minor cuts and bruises . 司机逃过一劫，只受了些轻微的皮外伤。
3.HOLE/MARK 洞/记号
a narrow hole or mark in the surface of something, made by a sharp tool or object
切口；切痕
•Make a small cut in the paper. 在纸上切个小口。
→ cold cuts → power cut → short cut
176
take up the thread
接下去干,重新开始
177
hand
/hænd/
n. 手，手艺；帮助；指针；插手
vt. 传递，交给；支持；搀扶
178
exclaim
/ɪk'sklem/
vi. 呼喊，惊叫；大声叫嚷
vt. 大声说出
179
take into account
考虑；重视；体谅
180
pull up
拔起；停下来；阻止
181
plunder
/'plʌndɚ/
n. 抢夺；战利品；掠夺品
vt. 掠夺；抢劫；侵吞
vi. 掠夺；盗窃
182
luggage-van
[交] 行李车（等于baggage van）
183
scalp
/skælp/
n. 头皮；战利品
vt. 剥头皮
vi. 剥头皮
184
trump
/trʌmp/
n. 王牌；法宝；喇叭
vt. 胜过；打出王牌赢
vi. 出王牌；吹喇叭
n. (Trump)人名；(英)特朗普
185
deal
/dil/
vt. 处理；给予；分配；发牌
vi. 处理；讨论；对待；做生意
n. 交易；（美）政策；待遇；份量
186
good heavens
天哪
187
at your expense
由你支付
188
there's a false deal
出错牌了
189
feverish
/'fivərɪʃ/
| adj. 发热的；极度兴奋的
190
put down
镇压；记下；贬低；制止
191
deposit
/dɪ'pɑzɪt/
n. 存款；押金；订金；保证金；沉淀物
vt. 使沉积；存放
vi. 沉淀
192
mathematically
/mæθə'mætɪkəli/
| adv. 算术地，数学上地
193
very
/ˈvɛrɪ/
adj. 恰好是，正是；甚至；十足的；特有的adv. 非常，很；完全
n. (Very)人名；(英)维里
194
pocket almanac
口袋年鉴
195
suffice
/sə'faɪs/
vt. 使满足；足够…用；合格
vi. 足够；有能力
过去式 sufficed过去分词 sufficed现在分词 sufficing
196
almanac
/'ɔlmənæk/
| n. 年鉴；历书；年历
197
cheque
/tʃɛk/
| n. 支票
198
carry out
vt. 执行，实行；贯彻；实现；完成
199
unattainable
/,ʌnə'tenəbl/
| adj. 做不到的；难到达的
200
antagonist
/æn'tæɡənɪst/
| n. 敌手；[解剖] 对抗肌；[生化] 拮抗物；反协同试剂
201
agitate
/ˈædʒɪˌteɪt/
vt. 摇动；骚动；使…激动
vi. 煽动
202
suspend
/sə'spɛnd/
vt. 延缓，推迟；使暂停；使悬浮
vi. 悬浮；禁赛
203
tranquil
ˈtræŋkwəl/
adj. 安静的，平静的；安宁的；稳定的
比较级 tranquiler或 tranquiller最高级 tranquilest或 tranquillest
