unit 1 Flashcards
columbian exchange
exchange of disease, crops, farming practices, etc between the americas and europe.
encomienda system
a spanish system where natives were given to colonists to use for labor.
pueblo revolt
pueblo people get angry with spanish treatment so they kill and attack spaniards. they panic and move to santa fe where pueblo lay siege so they flee to mexico. return 12 years later with much more respect (more than the english).
primogeniture
oldest son inherits all family property or land.
predestination
the puritan belief that God predisposes whether a person shall be saved or damned.
joint stock companies
started by king james I. private investors partly fund a company and receive a portion of the profits from that company.
john smith
saves jamestown by taking leadership. “those who shall not work shall not eat.”
john rolfe
saves jamestown the second time because it was making no profit before he found harvesting of tobacco in 1616.
elizabeth key
fought for and eventually won her freedom. then a virginia statute was created declaring that a child’s freedom depends on their mother’s.
tribute colonies
mexico and peru. relied initially on native people’s wealth and labor.
plantation colonies
produced sugar and other tropical crops by bound labor.
neo-europes
approximate economies and social structures from home.
the act for the better ordering and governing of negroes
in 1661, established on the islands. established that enslaved people would be treated as chattel property. black code.
beaver wars
iroquois get guns from dutch merchants and kill many other natives. iroquois backed by british vs algonquin backed by french.
pilgrim
protestants seeking separation from the church of england. led by william bradford, also the second governor of plymouth.
puritan
protestants that did not separated from the church of england but hoped to purify it of catholicism. belief that God is good, people are bad, predestination, and visible saints.
john winthrop
led the puritan exodus, founded the massachusetts bay colony, developed the idea of city upon a hill.
roger williams
banished in 1636 because he supported toleration, praised the pilgrims’ for their separation, wanted more separation of church and state, and questioned the puritan seizure of native land. he and his followers founded providence and obtained rhode island in 1644.
yeoman societies
puritan colonizers wanted to live close together in self-governing societies to escape their past lives. middle class.
mayflower compact
set up a self government for the plymouth colony, first agreement for self government in america.
indentured servant
a person whose voyage is paid for, then would serve the funder for usually seven years.
anglicans
church of england made by henry VIII after leaving catholicism.
bacon’s rebellion
1675-1676. economic conflicts and lack of government support led bacon and his men to march on the capital. they were crushed, but prompted reforms.
navigation acts
passed from 1650 to 1660, required certain english colonial goods to be handled by and shipped through England to benefit english merchants.
